Questions and answers in ophthalmology 20 qna

Questions and answers in ophthalmology

1. Question and answer Roll no. 21 to 30

2. 1. A 35-year-old patient presents to the optometrist’s office with complaints of blurred distant vision. The optometrist suspects a refractive error related to the focusing of light in front of the retina. Which of t he following types of refractive error is characterized by an increase in length of the eyeball? A. Axial myopia
B. Curvature myopia
C. Index myopia
D. Uncorrected myopia

3. Correct Option A – Axial myopia: • Axial myopia is the most common type of myopia and is characterized by an increase in the axial
length of the eyeball. This elongation of the eyeball causes the focal point of light to fall in front of the
retina, leading to blurred distance vision. Each additional millimeter of axial lengthening of the eyeball
contributes to an increase in myopia of approximately 3 diopters . Myopics with axial myopia often have
a characteristic “myopic look” where their eyes appear half-closed.

4. 50-year-old patient presents to the ophthalmology clinic for a routine eye examination. The ophthalmologist aims to assess the patient’s visual acuity accurately. Which of the following methods is considered the most accurate for checking visual acuity A. LogMAR chart
B. Landolt C chart
C. Snellen’s chart
D. Tumbling E chart

5. Correct Option A – LogMAR chart:
• The most accurate method for checking visual acuity is the LogMARchart (Logarithm of the MinimumAngle of Resolution). Unlike Snellen’s chart, it has a fixed number of letters in each line.

6. 10-month-old infant is brought to the paediatric ophthalmologist for an eye examination. The physician needs to assess the visual acuity of the child. Which of the following charts is most appropriate for measuring visual acuity in this case? A. Jaeger’s chart B. Optokinetic Drum test C. Allens Cards test D. Arden Grating test

7. Correct Option B – Optokinetic Drum test: • The appropriate test for assessing the visual acuity of an infant is the Optokinetic Drum test among
the given options. • Its main function is to attract the child and notice if the child is looking at the drum or not. • If the optokinetic drum test is normal (positive) then the child has a vision of at least 3/60.

8. A 55-year-old patient visits the ophthalmologist with complaints of difficulty seeing objects in low
light conditions and distinguishing subtle differences between shades of gray . Upon examination, there
are no defects in visual acuity. Which of the following tests would be most appropriate for assessing
this patient’s condition.
A. Snellen chart
B. Amsler grid
C. Ishihara color vision test
D. Pelli -Robson contrast sensitivity chart

9. Correct Option D – Pelli -Robson contrast sensitivity chart:
• This patient is not able to distinguish shades of grey with normal visual acuity, suggesting that he is suffering from decreased contrast sensitivity.
• The test used for assessing this condition is the Pelli-Roboson contrast sensitivity chart test. In thistest , a single large letter size with shifting levels of contrast between sets of letters is used.

10. A 22-year-old male undergoes a routine health examination. As part of the examination, the
physician decides to assess the patient's color vision. Which of the following tests would be most appropriate to screen patients for red-green color deficiency?
A. Hardy Rand Rittler test
B. Ishihara chart
C. Farnsworth- Munsell 100 hue test
D. Nagel’s anomaloscope

11. Correct Option B – Ishihara chart:
• The most appropriate test to screen patients for red-green color deficiency is the Ishihara chart. If a person is only able to read less than 9 plates, then the patient is color blind. The Ishihara chart usually detects red-green color blindness.

12. Which of the following is not a feature of simple myopia Also called developmental myopia Associated with Genetics Cannot be corrected by pinhole test Usually not exceeds -6 D on increasing age

13. correct option c

14. What is the term used to describe the refractive error seen in the ocular examination image of a 60-year-old patient who has complained of reduced distant vision, but no longer requires spectacles for near vision?
A. Index myopia
B. Axial myopia
C. Curvatural myopia
D. Positional myopia

15. Correct Option A:
• The type of refractive error seen in the given ocular examination image of a 60-year-old patient who complains of decreased distant vision but no longer uses glasses for near vision is called index myopia.

16. In myopia image is formed at A. Anterior to retina
B. Posterior to retina
C. On retina
D. None

17. Correct Option: Option A. Myopia, also known as near sightedness, is a refractive error of the eye where the eyeball is longer than normal or the cornea has excessive curvature. This causes light rays to focus in front of the retina instead of directly on it.

18. Which type of lens is used for the correction of myopia ? A. Concave lens B. Convex lens C. Bifocal lenses D. Cylindrical lens

19. Correct option: A

20. Thank you