R01 Introduction to Robotics and Robot Anatomy

R01 Introduction to Robotics and Robot Anatomy

1. Introduction to Robotics & Robot Anatomy

2. Robotics- Introduction Robotics is a branch of engineering and science that includes electronics engineering, mechanical engineering and computer science and so on. Robots can take any form but most of them have been given the human appearance. Most of the robots of today are inspired by nature and are known as bio-inspired robots. Robotics is that branch of engineering that deals with conception, design, operation, and manufacturing of robots.

3. An Industrial robot is a general purpose, programmable machine which possesses some anthropomorphic characteristics. Anthropomorphic characteristics such as mechanical arms are used for various industry tasks. Hazardous work environments Repetitive work cycle Consistency and accuracy Difficult handling tasks Reprogrammable and flexible Interfaced to other computer systems

4. Characteristics of Robots Appearance: held by the structure of their body, moved by their mechanical parts. Brain: On-board control unit- receive information and sends commands Sensors: gather info from the outside world and send it to Brain. Actuators: The part with help of which these robots move Program: work or responds to the instructions provided in the form of a program. Behaviour: decided by the program built for it.

5. Commercial and Technological Advantages Robots are good substitutes to the human beings in hazardous or uncomfortable work environments. A robot performs its work cycle with a consistency and repeatability which is difficult for human beings. A robot can be reprogrammed to perform a different task. Robots can be connected to the computer systems and other robotics systems.

6. Robot Anatomy The manipulator of an industrial robot is constructed of a series of joints and links. Robot anatomy is concerned with the types and sizes of these joints and links and other aspects of the manipulator's physical construction.

7. Manipulator consists of links and joints Joints provide relative motion between links Links are rigid members between joints Each joint provides a degree of freedom The robot's complexity can be classified according to the total number of degrees-of-freedom they possess.

8. Types of Joints Linear joint Orthogonal joint Rotational joint Twisting joint Revolving joint

9. Common Robot Configurations A robot manipulator can he divided into two sections: a body-and-arm assembly and a wrist Assembly. At the end of the manipulator's wrist is a device related to the task that must be accomplished by the robot. Body and arm- for positioning of objects of robot’s work volume. Wrist assembly- for orientation of end effector

10. Polar configuration Cylindrical configuration Cartesian co-ordinate robot Jointed-arm robot SCARA Body-and-Arm Configuration

11. Wrist Configuration Robot wrists usually consist of two or three degrees-of-freedom.The three joints are defined as: (1) Roll (2) Pitch (3) Yaw

12. Joint Drive Systems Robot  joints  are actuated      using any of three possible      types of drive  systems:  Electric : uses electric motors to actuate individual joints. Preferred drive system in today’s robots. Hydraulic : uses hydraulic pistons and rotary vane actuator. Noted for their high power and lift capacity Pneumatic : typical limited to smaller robots and simple material transfer applications

13. Industrial Robot Applications The following robotic applications are the most common in the automotive industry: Collaborative Robots : These collaborative robots are built to work together with other robots, on enormous assembly lines. Robotic Welding : Robotic welding has been the top robotic application in the automotive sector for a long time, as every car needs a high number of welds before it’s complete. Robotic Assembly: In many automotive plants, robots are assembling smaller components like pumps and motors at high speeds. Material Removal: High consistency and repeatability make robots perfect for material removal processes like trimming and cutting.

14. Thank You!