railway gate using servo and arduino uno

hi

1. AUTOMATIC RAILWAY
platformgap filling

2. Project Synopsis:
Railwaysafetyisacrucialaspectofrailoperation
systemworldwide.Thepurposeofourprojectisto
designanAUTOMATICRAILCROSSINGSYSTEM.This
systemiscapableofclosingthegate/barrierwhena
trainisgoingtocrosstheroadandthesystemwillbe
restoredtoitsinitialconditionafterthetrainleaves.
Thusitsavestimeandmanpowerandreducesthe
chanceoferror.

3. 1.Previously,nogateorbarrierwasusedatrail
crossings.
2.Aftersomeperiod,flagmenwerepostedtorail
crossingstowarnthetrafficabouttheincoming
train.Generallytheyusedflagorlamptodotheir
job.
3.Latermanuallycontrolledbarricadeswere
introduced.Thegateswereintendedtobea
completebarrieragainstintrusionofanyroadtraffic
ontherailway.

4. 1.Manualrailcrossingsneedalotofmanpowertodo
thejobofsignalingandoperatingthebarrier.
2.Somanualrailcrossingisnotcostefficient.
3.Mostofthetimethisprocedureisnottimeefficient.
Oftentrainarrivesalongtimeafterthegatehas
beenclosed.
4.Manualsystemiserroneous,andcancausesevere
damagewhichmayworthaheavylossoflifeand
capital.

5. Toavoidhumanerrorandtoenhanceefficiency,
railwaycrossingsystemcanbecontrolledinan
automatedmanner.Inanautomaticrailcrossing
systematrainwhichapproachesthegateis
detectedbyasensor,andalsothespeedofthe
trainisnoted.Thenthetimetakenbythetrainto
reachtheroadiscalculatedandthegate/barrier
iscloseddownaccordingly.Alsothedepartureof
thetrainisdetectedbyanothersensorandthe
gate/barrierisrestoredtoitsinitialposition.

7. •Microcontroller Unit ATMEGA16
•LEDs AND Light Dependent Resistors(LDR)
•LM324 OPAMP
•DC Stepper Motor (5 wire unipolartype)
•ULN2003A (motor driver)
•Resistancesforproperbiasing,controland
safetymeasure
•An LCD Display

8. •Microcontroller Unit ATMEGA16
•LEDsAND Light Dependent Resistors(LDR)
•LM324 OP-AMP
•DC Stepper Gear Motor (5 wire unipolartype)
•ULN2003A (motor driver)
•Resistances for proper biasing, control and
safety measure
•An LCD Display

9. Train
Sensed
Micro
controller
Barrier
Closed
Departure
Sensed
Micro
controller
Barrier
Opened

10. 1.Automatic Train Sensing
2.Traffic Signal Control
3.Warning Buzzer
4.Obstacle Detection
5.Gate Malfunction Detection
6.Auto Communication With Train

13. Train approaching sensor Train detected by LDR

14. No Train
Green
Signal
On

15. Train
Detected
Yellow
Signal On

16. Train
Approached
Red Signal
On

17. When there is no crossing
ahead.
When the train is approaching
a rail gate
When train crosses a rail gate

18. If an obstacle is detected on the line
after the gate is closed
In case of a gate failure

19. •Light Sensors were used.
•No wireless communication with train is done
in this project.

20. •Backup motor system can be added.
•Automatic train deceleration.
•Effective wireless communication.

21. Prepared by