Ramachandran plot

This ppt will help you get through the complete topic for RAMACHANDRAN PLOT in detail .
for detailed explanation , watch the lecture on my youtube channel - BOTANY INSIDER

1. RAMACHANDRAN PLOT

2. ABOUT Also called – RAMACHANDRAN CONFROMATIONAL PLOT By- G N Ramachandran (1963)

3. Important terms Amino acid------ Peptide Bonds ------ Protein (Amide Bond) A  peptide bond  is a chemical  bond  formed between two molecules when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amino group of the other molecule, releasing a molecule of water (H2O). This is a dehydration synthesis reaction (also known as a condensation reaction), and usually occurs between amino acids.

4. It is a type of covalent chemical bond Process of condensation take place during synthesis of peptide bond It is partial double bond – due to resonance Planar, Rigid. Usually in TRANS confriguation

5. Cis - atoms on same side. – more steric hindrance Trans – Atoms on different sides. (more favourable ) less steric hindrance EXCEPTION- Cis and trans both – PROLINE ( Isoenergetic ) (MOST conformationally restricted) IMINO GROUP

6. DIHEDRAL ANGLES Torsion angles are dihedral angles (formed between 2 planes ) Also called Ramachandran angles. Describes the rotation of polypeptide backbone.

7. Plot provide easy way to visualize the distribution of torsion angles in protein structure

8. Need of Dihedral angles By analysing the allowed and disallowed region of torsion values, assesment of quality of 3D structure of protein can be done Torsion angles –control protein folding These angles provides – flexibility required for folding polypeptide backbone , prediction of 3D structure becomes easy.

9. A Ramachandran plot is a plot to visualize energentically allowed regions for a polypeptide backbone, torsion angles – Phi and Psi of amino acid It is used to analyse the structure of the protein, the conformation of amino acid – present in the protein and the close contact between the atoms.

10. The  Ramachandran plot  is a  plot  of the torsional angles - phi (φ)and psi (ψ) - of the residues (amino acids) contained in a peptide. By making a  Ramachandran plot , protein structural scientists can determine which torsional angles are permitted and can obtain insight into the structure of peptides.

11. 2D structure of protein is analysed Common example- of 2D structure- Sheets.

12. Plot has 3 regions – Core region - Allowed region - Disallowed region Most common \favourable region of Shows Streic chemical properties of protein , Low energy region, high density , found Maximum steric hindrance

13. GLYCINE HAVE LARGEST AREA OF CONFORMATIONALLY ALLOWED SPACE IN PLOT PROLINE IS NOT FOUND IN THE PLOT

14. QUESTION

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