Rasashala and Rasamandap by Dr. Vimarsha.pptx

Rasa ratna samuchchaya have dedicated a separate chapter for rasashala which can be corelated to GMP in present era.

It is important to keep in mind that all of these texts were written between the first and the sixteenth centuries. Hence everything is ideally provided in such a description, including the choice of location, water and light facilities, raw material availability, air ventilation, etc. Not only that, but careful consideration is also given to precise and well-considered instructions about staffing levels, financial requirements, and security in various departments in rasashala.

Rasamandap in present era mimics the R&D sector. Just as Rasamandap is designated as a confidential and sterile space, the R&D sector similarly emphasizes the importance of maintaining confidentiality in drug development or research works conducted and also aseptic conditions has to be maintained in that sector.

1. SUBJECT SEMINAR Name: Dr. Vimarsha Bhatkalkar Designation: 1 st year PG Scholar Institute: KLE Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya & Hospital RASASHALA & RASAMANDAPA

2. Objective Introduction Nirukti Location Rasashala interiors Rasashala equipment Essential people GMP Rasamandapa Rasamandala and kamala Nirmala Rasendra pooja vidhi CONTENTS

3. To understand the concept of Rasashala . To understand the concept of GMP and its importance. To understand the concept of Rasamandapa . OBJECTIVE

4. In ancient times all the physicians used to prepare their own medicine, they were supposed to know the preparation methods of various types of medicaments. Around 7th century, herbal preparation were used for curative purposes. After this period, the usage of minerals and metals for therapeutic purposes started. As these minerals could not be used orally in their mineral/metallic form, they found it necessary to have a specialized technical knowledge for converting minerals and metals into bhasma . Hence the concept of separate branch of learning known as “Rasa-Shastra” including the concept of Rasa-Sala and Rasa- vaidyas emerged in the field of Ayurveda. Rasashala is the place for manufacturing Rasashastra medicines. Rasashala is always expected to be a quite hygienic and workable place with all the facilities and have been put up certain rules and regulations for its establishment under the umbrella of Good Manufacturing Practice now a days. INTRODUCTION

5. रस = पारद शाला = भवनम् शाला is derived from the root word शलगतो NIRUKTI

6. ACCORDING TO RASATARANGINI ( R.T 1/11-15) विमलोपवनप्रदेशगां रमणीयां जलयन्त्रशोभिताम् । कमनीयगवाक्षसंयुतां जनबादारहितामसकुलाम् ।। निखिलौषधवर्गमण्डितां रससिद्धेश्वरचित्रभूषिताम् । विपुलाखिलसाधनान्वितां रसशालां विदधीत शोभनाम् ।। The rasashala is constructed in a serene land. “ Upavana pradesha ” means the land selected for construction should be naturally beautiful with serene and healthy atmosphere and with good fertile soil to grow all the required herbal drugs. LOCATION

7. Jalayantra shobhitam - plenty of water supply should be there. Kamaniya gavaksha Sanyukta -The building should be well planned with well ventilated with wide rooms. Janabadharahita ansakulam - The place of pharmacy should be considerably far from the city and crowd or congested. Nikhil aushadha varga mandita -The raw drugs or the finished products drugs should be neatly arranged with neat labels. Rasa sideshwara chitrabhushitam - The central hall of the pharmacy should have the photos of Lord Shiva, Acharya Nagarjuna and other rasacharya . CONTD….

8. ACCORDING TO RASATARANGINI (R.T 1/13-15) शङ्करं पूर्वदिग्भागे स्थापयेद्भिषजाग्रणीः । आग्नेये वह्निकार्याणि याम्ये प्रस्तरकृत्यकम् ॥ शास्त्रकृत्यन्तु नैर्ऋत्ये क्षालनादीनि वारुणे । वायव्ये शोषणं शस्त्रमुत्तरे यन्त्ररक्षणम् ॥ निदध्यादीशकोणे तु रससाधनमूलकम् । मुख्योपकरणं तत्तन्नित्यकृत्यं समागतम् ॥ RASASHALA INTERIORS

9. RASASHALA VEDHA KARMA (Conversion of lower metals into gold) AUSHADHA SANGRAHANA (Storage of raw drugs and finished products) RASABHAIRAVA (Statue of Lord Shiva) AGNI- SAMSKARANA (Boiling, frying, cooking) PASHANA KARMA (Grinding and pounding) SHASTRA KARMA (Cutting, chopping) KSHALANA KARMA (Washing, cleaning) SHOSHANA KARMA (Drying of raw drugs) NORTH NORTH- EAST SOUTH- EAST SOUTH- WEST NORTH- WEST SOUTH E A S T W E S T

10. North Direction Collection of raw drugs: Acharya Charaka in chikitsasthana has mentioned that collection of medicinal plants should be done from the land of north direction. Medicinal plants of north direction are more potent than south direction. Acharya Sharangadhara (Sha. Prathamakhanda 1/56-57) mentioned that plants growing in north direction are to be collected for medicinal purpose. Also, the ultimate aim for collection of raw drugs will be to obtain the drug in its peak potency level, ( i.e the time of collection of drug). It has been said that the best time for collection of herbs is Sarad rutu and for drugs of Vamana and Virechana the best time is Vasanta rutu . The drugs should be collected in the early morning hours. Ushna virya drugs should be collected from Vindhya hills and Sheeta virya drugs from Himalaya mountains. The drugs could be collected in fresh form only WHY SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS?

11. Methods of collection: According to Sharangadhara , the drug collection has to be carried out in most systematic and ritual manner. That is in early hour after bath with calm mind the person should pray to lord Shiva facing the early morning sun. Later the drugs situated towards north should be collected. Preservation of the raw drugs: Any drug material which is collected should be stored in suitable condition so as to retain the inherent drug properties until the drug goes into a preparation. For this most primary thing which is required will be the suitable containers to store the raw drugs and to protect it from getting infected by insects and pest. N orth East Direction Acharya Charaka mentions that the gate of store room of medicinal plants should be in north east direction. It has been said so that proper light and air can be reached to the medicinal plants. North West Direction This direction is ruled by the God Vayu who is supposed to control wind blowing. The drying operations of the drugs if done in this direction will never face blowing wind shortage and will get easily dried with the blessings of God Vayu. Scientifically, the prevailing wind comes from north west direction and then moves towards the east.

12. South East Direction The operations related to the use of fire are advised to be carried out in “ Agnikona ” (South east direction) which is considered to be ruled by God Agni who by virtue of his being the God of fire keeps control on fire related works (operations) thus the success in such operations is always expected if such works are performed in this direction. South West and South Direction As this direction is ruled by Rakshasaas (demons) who are cruel in nature and keeps the control of sharp instruments/ weapons, hence shastra karma that is cutting, chopping, slicing, grounding, pounding etc operations are done in this direction as it is likely to be completed safely and successfully with the blessings of demons. East Direction The east or north east is considered to be auspicious and is ruled by Lord Indra hence in this direction, statue of Rasabhairava is installed. West Direction This direction is ruled by God Varuna, who is considered to be the god of water resources, hence washing, cleaning or any procedures which involves the use of water if done in this direction will never face shortage and gets completed successfully.

13. RASASHALA – EQUIPMENTS ACCORDING TO RASATARANGINI (R.T 1/16/25) ACCORDING TO RASA RATNA SAMUCHCHAYA (RRS 7/6-13) Mortar and Pestle made of iron and stone of different size and shapes Koshti’s - sattvapatana koshti , bhumi koshti , sura koshti , chala koshti Mud pots Water storage tanks Glass bottles Containers of different sizes Stainless steel containers 2 bhastrika’s , metallic and bamboo pipes two each Sandamsha yantra Vessels and utensils- gold, iron, copper, bronze, leather and stones Sieves Kandani (small pounder) Crucibles Peshani (flat stone for rubbing) Dolayantra and instruments required for dolayantra Droni Pet jars and glass bottles- finished products Different kinds of mortar & pestle including taptakhalwa

14. ACCORDING TO RASATARANGINI (R.T 1/16/25) ACCORDING TO RASA RATNA SAMUCHCHAYA (RRS 7/6-13) Dry cow dung cakes Three kinds of sieves. Woods, husks, grass, ash etc Large knives Kundali ( circular stands to keep the vessels) Muds (for preparation of crucibles) Tusha (paddy husk), cotton, coal etc Cow dung cakes or cow dung powders Three kinds of drugs- herbal, minerals, animal origin Ladles and baskets made of shuki , shanka , kshurapra Pots and vessels for cooking and heating the medicines Karnika for cutting the herbs into pieces. CONTD….

15. CONTD…. SIEVES AND FILTERING INSTRUMENTS (RRS 7/14-17) The sieves are of three types: TYPES FEATURES USES 1 st type Prepared with thin wires made up of bamboo and is secured with a thread Used for filtering coarse substances 2 nd type Sieve prepared with bamboo which has tiny pores Used for filtering powdered substances 3 rd type 4 square inch high circular rim and one aratni circumference prepared by using wood of shalmali , karnikara , Khadira. Its lower portion is covered with hairs of horse or cloth & tied at the rim by the means of goats rim. Used for filtering very fine powders.

16. CONTD…. FUELS AND GLASSWARES (RRS 7/18-22) Fuels: 1. Shikhitra , pavakochchista , angara , Kokila 2. The burning coal is extinguished not by sprinkling water but by keeping it covered which is called kokila to prevent the oxygen help in combustion. 3. Cow dung cakes are used as fuel (contains nitrogen,hydrogen,55% methane and 30% carbon dioxide when used as a biogas). 4. Dry cow dung is also called as pistaka , changana , upala , utpala etc. Glasswares : 1. Kupika , kupila , siddha, gola - bottles 2. chashaka , katori , vatika , kharika , kancholi and grahika – tumbler *All these equipments are needed and should be made available and stored in the pharmacy. These are also worshipped by chanting “ Shri Rasankansha ” mantra.

17. ACCORDING TO RASATARANGINI (R.T 1/26-36) ESSENTIAL PEOPLE YOGYA PARICHARAKA LAKSHANA RASASHASTRA ACHARYA SWAROOPA SHISHYA SWAROOPA VARJYA SHISHYA सोधमा – hardworking सदाचार - good conduct सदाचार - good conduct दुराचार - who is immoral सत्यवक्त - truthful सुचरित - good track record सदाशय - noble intentions दुश्चरिता - does not have good track record निर्लोभ - generous समदर्शा - non partial स्वकुलाचरदीक्षित - should understand the nature of his work अकुलिना -does not have any noble intentions शुचय - hygiene सदाशय – noble intentions गुरुपूजारत - sincere to teachers महोद्धता - disobedient शूर - physically strong सत्यवादी - truthful वीर - brave चौर्यच्छलादिना - to cheat पथ्याशिनो ग्राहा - capable to understand all his/her responsibilities. सिधमन्त्र - highly proficient सत्यवादी - truthful नित्यं विद्यग्रहणलोलुपा - obtaining knowledge through foul means

18. SHISHYA SWAROOPA VARJYA SHISHYA शङ्करप्रिय - devotee of lord shiva/god loving दृढव्रत - hardworking अज्ञातकुलशीला - who’s nature and background is obscure धीर वीर - courageous आज्ञापरो - obedient नास्तिक - atheist स्थिरप्रज्ञा - who is firm निरालस्य - active गुरुनिन्दक - does not obey his guru. रसकर्मविचक्षण – one who has good knowledge on rasashastra कुलीनो अतिविचक्षण - noble and intelligent अयुर्वेदक्रुताभ्यस - who practices ayurveda CONTD….

19. ACCORDING TO RASA RATNA SAMUCHCHAYA (RRS 7/23-34) APPOINTMENT OF PHYSICIAN QUALITY OF A PERSON FOR COLLECTION OF RAW DRUGS PERSON WHO PREPARES RASAYANA DRUGS PERSON WHO MAKES ALL KINDS OF INSTRUMENTS SIDDHI IN PARADA KARMA रससज्जिन्तक वैद्य - one who has deeply studied rasashastra भूतनिग्रहमन्त्रज्ञास्ते योज्या निधिसाधने – capable of eliminating evil spirit by mantra निर्लोभा - who is not greedy धनवन्तो - rich शुची - hygiene निघन्त्तुज्ञास्च - one who has knowledge about drugs शुच - hygiene सत्यवक्तारो - truthful वदान्याश्च सर्वोपस्करसंयुता - who is experienced in handling all kinds of instruments सत्यवादी - truthful सर्वदेशजभाषाज्ञा - one who is well versed with all the languages (nearby) तत्तदौषधनामज्ञा - one who has knowledge on different names of drugs देवब्राह्मणपूजका - who worships god and brahman गुरुवाक्यरता - who takes advice of his guru मनस्विनाम् - who has control over his mind QUALITIES OF PHYSICIAN वञ्चनोज्झिता - does not possess jealousy यमिन - who is always passioned सन्देहोज्झितचित्तानां - who is not doubtful धर्मिष्ठ - honest नानाविषयभाषाज्ञास्ते - one who is well versed with various languages पथ्यभोक्तारो - who always follows dietary restrictions

20. शिवकेशवपूजक - who is a devotee of lord shiva and vishnu सत्यवादी - truthful पद्महस्तश्च संयोज्यो - should have lotus sign on the palm CONTD…. अदेशिक -unpatriotic कृपामुक्तो - not cruel लुब्धो - not greedy कृष्णरेखाकरो वैद्यो दग्धहस्त - black coloured lines on the palm is called as dagdha hasta

21. DEFINITION Good Manufacturing Practice is a set of regulations codes and guidelines for the manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), Medical devices in Vivo and In Vitro diagnostic products and food of standard quality products. GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE

22. HISTORY Year Milestone 1920 No rules were existed in India 1920 Substandard drugs without testing were available in Indian market 1927 Council of state submitted the report to governer general. Governer general requested to control the irregular drug production and to maintain the SOP but unfortunately it did not happen. So around 1930, Indian practitioners boycotted the substandard manufacturing to look into this. Then drug enquiry committee was constituted. The drug enquiry committee took steps to control & regulate adulterated and substandard drugs. 1940 Indian drug Act was passed on 10 th April 1941 GMP was initiated 1948 Indian pharmacopeia committee was constituted. Pharmacy act 1948 was published. 1955 First edition of IP was published. Quality, strength and purity were mainly stressed in IP 1963 Establishment of GMP’s for drugs 1962 Drug and Cosmetic Act was formed 1963 FDA issued 1 st guideline in June 1964 Ayurveda, unani and siddha were bought under the purview of D & C Act 2000 GMP was enforced

23. Schedule T is for AYUSH Drugs Schedule T has three parts: Part 1: Deal with location, premises, buildings and 4 M’s namely Manpower, Material, Machinery and Method etc. Part 2: Deals with documentation Part 3: Deals with qualification and validation

24. PART 1

25. LOCATION IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA It should be situated and constructed away from open sewage, drain, public lavatory. Away from any factory. Availability of suitable, quality of potable water Availability of electricity and power. To avoid contamination from open drain, sewage or public lavatory. Away from any factory which produces disagreeable or obnoxious odour or fumes or excessive dust or smoke. RT - The rasashala should be constructed in Upavana pradesa (and with good plantation and fertile soil) and in janabadharahita , asankulam , nikhil aushadha varga sanyukta (having various and plenty medicines). RRS – sarvabadha vivarjita (devoid of any problem), sarva aushadhamaya desha (having plenty of medicinal plants. WATER SUPPLY & DISPOSAL OF WASTE IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA Water should be pure and of potable quality. Adequate provision of water for washing the premises. Provision for waste disposal should be made properly. In order to avoid microbial contamination. To maintain a high degree of hygiene in the manufacturing area. RT – jala yantra shobhitam ( plenty of water supply) RRS - kupa samanvita (plenty of water supply), ramye (pleasant environment)

26. BUILDING IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA It should be free from insects/rodents. Should have adequate light(minimum recommended intensity of light is 500 lux), ventilation and space. Ceiling should be smooth Floor and wall should be smooth. Appropriate porosity filters- HEPA ( High Efficiency Particulate Air Filters) in aseptic areas. To prevent contamination In order to permit easy cleaning and disinfection the interior surface should be smooth and free from cracks. To permit retention or accumulation of dust or waste product the flooring should be smooth and even. RT - It should be kamaniya gavaksha asankulam (not congested and properly ventillated ) RRS – ( ventillated with proper doors and windows), suvistirna (spacious), aatanka rahita deshe (free from violence either animal or human). Category of Medicine Minimum manufacturing space required Machinery/ Equipment recommend Anjana/ Pisti 100 sq. feet Khalva /end runner/ ball-mill sieves/shifter Churna , Kwatha 200 Sq.feet Grinder/ Disintegrator/ Lepa Pulverize/ Powder mixer/ sieves Pills/ Vatti / Gutika Tablets 100 sq.feet Ball mill, mass mixer powder mixer pill/ vati cutting machine, stainless steel trays/ containers for storage. driers Kupi pakva / Ksara / Parpati / Lavana Bhasma satva 150 sq.feet Bhatti,Stainless steel vessels/ flask, Multani matti /plaster of paris ,/copper rod, earthen container, muffle furnace(electrically operated) end/edge runner, exhaust fan, wooden spatula Kajal 100 sq.feet Earthen lamps for collection of kajal, tipple roller mill, end runner, sieves, filling/packing and manufacturing room should be provided with exhaust fan & ultra violet lamps.

27. CONTAINERS & STORES IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA Containers such as bottles, vials and jars are properly washed, cleaned, and dried. It should be stored properly. Storage area should have proper ventilation. Different storage area should be maintained for Raw material, Packaging material and Finished product. Container’s Cleaning:- To avoid any foreign body contamination. Drying is done to prevent the damage of the substances which are stored. Storage area: Free from dampness and having proper ventilation to protect the raw material from any microbial contamination and insect infestation. It should have an adequate space to protect from mix-up of raw material. RRS ( 7/18-22) - All equipments required for pharmacy from cleaning to preparation should be available and stored in pharmacy.

28. RAW MATERIALS IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA It should be stored properly Good quality raw material should be selected. Protected from microbial contamination. Proper environmental condition should be maintained. It should be stored under different categories like the Raw material of metallic origin, Raw material of mineral origin, and Raw material of animal origin, Fresh herbs, Dry herbs and plant parts. Rejected raw drugs should be kept in separate rooms To prevent it from damage due to dampness, microbial contamination or rodent and insect infestation etc. Each container used for raw material storage shall be properly identified which indicates name of the raw material, source of supply and will also clearly state the status of raw material such as “UNDER TEST” or “APPROVED” or “REJECTED” The batch No. and date of receipt should be mentioned. All the raw materials shall be sampled and should be tested by the laboratories approved by Govt. for authentication, morphological or Organoleptic evaluation, microscopy and chemical evaluation. Sharangadhara ( Sha. Prathamakhanda 1/58) – Drugs which are spoiled by insects, fire, cold etc are not to be used. Charak Samhita ( kalpasthana ) – the drugs collected by proper method should be stored in a place which is free from direct breeze, fire, water, dampness, dust etc and also insects and animals. It should also be stored in proper containers.

29. FINISHED PRODUCTS IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA Only approved materials are used. Labels are examined for identity before labeling operations to avoid mix-up. Packages of finished products bear permanent code marks. Packaging materials such as bottles, jars, capsules shall be stored properly with an absorbent in each container. All containers and closure shall be adequately cleaned and dried before packing the product. Dispatched as per market needs. The finished product are transferred in finished good stores within an area and marked as “Quarantine” After getting clearance from QC laboratory the final product is moved to “Approved Finished Goods stock” To ensure quality, safety and efficacy of complex products of biological origin such as herbal medicines. To avoid any contamination and damage of the final product it should be cleaned and dried properly. Should not mix-up with Finished product and Approved Finished product. RRS ( 7/18-22) - all equipments required for pharmacy from cleaning to preparation should be available and stored in pharmacy.

30. WORKING SPACE IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA Adequate space should be provided for orderly placement of equipment. Adequate space should be provided for material which is useful to carry out the procedures and also to facilitate easy and safe working. The manufacturing area shall provide adequate space to minimize or to eliminate any risk of mix-up between different drugs. To prevent the possibility of cross contamination of one drug by another drug that is manufactured, stored or handled in the same premises. RT and RRS provided specific directions to carry out various procedures. CLOTHING AND HYGIENE IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA Proper uniform shall be given. uniform shall also include cloth, covering for hands, feet and head. Adequate facilities for personal cleanliness. Provide facilities for keep their personal things. To protect from infectious diseases, or skin diseases of personnel and from contacts with toxic irritants. RT and RRS have mentioned the ideal qualities of attenders.

31. FIRST AID METHODS IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA First aid methods should be provided. Periodical medical examination of the workers is mandate It is done to keep away from any kind of diseases or infections. RT mentions under qualities of paricharaka that he/she should be clean, hardworking etc.. EQUIPMENTS IMPORTANCE ACC. TO AYURVEDA Suitable equipment either manually operated or operated semi-automatically or fully automatic machinery shall be made available. These equipments have to be properly installed and maintained with proper cleaning. Space should maintained b/w two machines for easy movement of worker. To prevent pest-infestation or microbial contamination and cross contamination, cleaning of equipment is particularly important. The equipment should be dried immediately after cleaning in order to avoid the growth of microorganisms. RRS (6/6-23)- mentions all the different types of equipments , furnaces, fuels etc required for pharmacy RT (1/18-27)- mentions the same as RRS.

32. BATCH MANUFACTURING RECORDS IMPORTANCE Maintain batch manufacturing record of all types of product. List of raw materials, quantities and various tests with record should be maintained. Record of quality control and Record of manufactured drug to finish product to be maintained. Only after verified and accepted quality it is cleared for sale. Manufacturing records are required to provide an account of the list of raw materials and their quantities obtained from the store. Tests are conducted as per First Schedule of the Drugs and Cosmetic Act, 1940. DISTRIBUTION RECORDS IMPORTANCE Record date, manpower, machines and equipments should be maintained. Record of sale and distribution of each batch of medicine shall be maintained. It is maintained in order to facilitate prompt and complete recall of the batch, if necessary.

33. LABELLING IMPORTANCE Should contain: Name of the product. Reference Statements of identity and net contents Address of the manufacturing product. Manufacturing date and date of expiry. Shelf life Any direction for safe use of product It should provide the general knowledge about the final product regarding the ingredients, quantity of ingredient, referencing of the product. RECORD OF MARKET COMPLAINTS IMPORTANCE Maintain a register to record market complaints received regarding the products sold in the market. All the data of investigation regarding the complaint should be registered. Once in six months report should be submitted to licensing authority. Helps to find out Adverse Drug Reaction Helps in W.H.O guidelines on safety monitoring of herbal medicines in pharmacovigilance systems. QUALITY CONTROL IMPORTANCE Each manufacture shall provide facility for quality control in their premises The Quality control section shall verify all the raw materials regarding identity, purity, fungal, bacterial contamination, monitor in process, quality checks and control the quality of finished product being released to finished goods store house.

34. MAN POWER The responsibilities of production chief are: Approval of instructions related to production operations including in process controls and their implementations. Checking the maintenance department premises and equipment. Ensuing process validations, control equipment calibrations and maintenance of records. Ensuing production and storage of products according to appropriate documentation. The responsibilities of quality control chief are: Approval or rejection of starting materials, packing materials, intermediate, bulk and finished products. Evaluation of batch records ensuring all tests, approval of sampling instructions, specifications, test methods and other QC procedures. Checking and maintenance of the department, premises and equipment. Ensuring the validation of quality control procedures and records keeping.

35. PART 2

36. All the work carried out in the premises has to be documented and should be checked by the experts of the field regularly and reviewed with concerned persons. No document should be changed without authorization of appropriate authority. Any correction in the record should be initiated. 1. Raw material records Raw materials Finished products Packing material of their receipt and issue of disposal etc are to be maintained. 2. Productions unit Master formula records In process control records like size reduction, sifting, mixing, granulation, drying etc Batch production records Weight variation and volume variation records Drug release records SOP records 3. Quality control records 4. Distribution records 5. Sales tax, excise duty etc records

37. RESEARCH ARTICLES

38. REFERENCE (R.R.S 6/14-16) Rasamandapa should be constructed in a plain, secret and concealed area. It is secured from pillars, big doors and closures and to be decorated with flags, umbrella and garlands of flowers.The floor of the rasamandapa should be strong and polished.At the centre of this mandapa, and arrangement should be made for Rasa Linga. RASAMANDAPA

39. PREPARATION OF RASA LINGA (R.R.S 6/17-18) CONTD.… 1 part of Swarna patra + 3 parts of parada Bhavana with amla Dravya for 3 hours When solidifies, linga of lord shiva is made Dolayantra swedana with jambira nimbu swarasa /kanji To be placed at the centre platform of rasamandapa

40. REFERENCE (R.R.S 6/43-46) The disciple should enter the pharmacy which is cleaned and smeared with cowdung . Hexagonal mandala is drawn measuring 2 hasta Pramana with the help of sindura . With the same sindura , 8 petalled lotus, 4 corners and 4 entrances is drawn outside (above mandala). In the centre of the lotus, iron khalva decorated with golden lines is installed and in this 25 pala , 50 pala and 100 pala of purified parada is placed and worshipped. RASA MANDALA & KAMALA NIRMANA

41. When all the drugs are placed, the drug are worshipped by chanting Aghora Mantra. After the preparation of Rasa Mandala and 8 petals lotus, they are set at the four entrances. Rasa linga should be established at the centre of the lotus and worshipped with shodashopachara . The ritual deeds are explained in detail in Anandakanda Amritikarana Vishranti Ullasa - 2 RASENDRA POOJA VIDHI

42. Rasa ratna samuchchaya have dedicated a separate chapter for rasashala which can be corelated to GMP in present era. It is important to keep in mind that all of these texts were written between the first and the sixteenth centuries. Hence everything is ideally provided in such a description, including the choice of location, water and light facilities, raw material availability, air ventilation, etc. Not only that, but careful consideration is also given to precise and well-considered instructions about staffing levels, financial requirements, and security in various departments in rasashala . Rasamandap in present era mimics the R&D sector. J ust as Rasamandap is designated as a confidential and sterile space, the R&D sector similarly emphasizes the importance of maintaining confidentiality in drug development or research works conducted and also aseptic conditions has to be maintained in that sector. CONCLUSION

43. THANK YOU