READING & WRITING PATTERNS OF WRITING DEVELOPMENT PART 2.pptx

Patterns of development in Reading and Writing

1. PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT IN WRITING ACROSS DISCIPLINES Reading & Writing

2. Narration Description Definition Exemplification/ Classification Comparison and Contrast Cause and Effect Problem-Solution Essay Persuasion PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT IN WRITING ACROSS DISCIPLINES

3. Review What was the previous lesson?

4. Exemplification Explains an idea or point Begins with general statement (topic sentence) followed with examples

5. Choose the word/s that do/does not belong on each line then write a category name for each group. 1. German Shepherd, Golden Retriever, Persian Siamese, Siberian Husky 2. on land, by water, by air, by bus 3. carrot, cabbage, radish, onion 4. jazz, rock, pop, ballet 5. coins, Dollar, Yen, Franc

6. Writing Pattern COMPARISON AND CONTRAST

7. Answer the following questions: Compare and Contrast the ant and the grasshopper? Which do you think is better between the two? What moral can be derived from the fable? Which one are you?

8. Comparison Discuss elements that are similar Contrast - Discusses elements or ideas that are different

9. Compare-and-Contrast Essay - Analyzes two subjects comparing them, contrasting them, or both.

10. Two (2) ways to organize: Point-by-point - Addressing one subject at a time Block Method Compares and contrasts two subjects one at a time

11. Some cohesive devices you can use in showing similarities are likewise, similar to, same with, like, in the same manner. To show contrast, cue words such as: on the other hand, however, while, different with, in contrast and the like.

12. Read the text: My sisters are as different as yin and yang in terms of personality, appearance and intelligence. Tina, the middle child in the family, prefers staying at home than going out with her friends. She is slim, petite and has dark skin. As characters from the books she reads most of the time. In addition, she is very clever in subjects like Math and Science which made her graduate with Highest Honors from Senior High School.

13. Read the text: In contrast, my youngest sister, Joni, is the opposite. She has an outgoing and friendly personality. There is never a dull moment as she is always ready with stories to tell. She is tall with a round plump face and fair skin. Being the youngest in the family, she is often asked to perform during family gathering since she sings and dances well. My sisters may be different from each other but they adore one another.

14. A compare-and-contrast writing analyzes two subjects by __________. The purpose of writing a comparison or contrast essay is not to state what seems so obvious about the things being compared but __________. The two main organizing strategies for comparison-and-contrast writing are: __________ and __________.

15. Buying things online VS Buying things at a shopping mall The Best Pinoy dish: Adobo VS Pinakbet Math vs English: which class is easier? Jollibee or Mang Inasal ? Being in a Relationship Vs. Being Single

16. Iphone 14 Pro Max What is it?

17. Is Iphone 14 Pro Max worth spending? Yes or No One of the company’s recent novelties is the Iphone 14 Pro max – a newer and more advanced version of the most popular phone in the world. However, the previous model, Iphone 13, seemed to have been satisfying people’s need just fine as well. So, what is the difference?

18. Persuasive Text

19. Persuasive Text -argument, discussion, exposition, review or advertisement

20. Parts of a Persuasive Writing (I + B3R + C) A: INTRODUCTION - Articulate your source of information with a thesis statement (reaction to the issue) B: Body - List at least 3 resons for your opinions C: Conclusion - Restate your opinion in a persuasive way

21. U ndoubtedly F urthermore F or example F ortunately M ost likely A ll F or F eel B est N one A lways A gainst Use words that reveal personal judgment or viewpoint:

22. Exactly reason Should Everybody Worst Definitely Must Remember Use words that reveal personal judgment or viewpoint:

23. Persuasive Text

24. ISSUE This will serve as a background information about the topic.

25. ARGUMENT An argument is one’s claim or position that can either support or reject the issue previously stated.

26. EVIDENCES It will give details on how and why it supports the argument. Evidences can be factual, logical, statistical or anecdotal in nature. It can also explain counterarguments not because the writer wants to prove which claims are wrong or right but to enlighten the readers about other positions.

27. CONCLUSION restating the main argument of the text will be the end of the text. This will be your final statement to persuade your readers.

28. Example of Persuasive WRITING Escalating conflict in Ukraine poses an immediate and growing threat to the lives and well-being of the country’s 7.5 million children. Humanitarian needs are multiplying – and spreading by the hour. Children have been killed. Children have been wounded. They are being profoundly traumatized by the violence all around them. Undoubtedly, hundreds and thousands of people are on the move, and family members are becoming separated from their loved ones. We must protect all children in Ukraine. Now. They need peace. Let’s start helping not just the children but all the victims of this conflict. STOP THE WAR NOW!

29. Complete the statements to sum up your key learning for this lesson. An __________ serves as a background information about the topic. Arguments shall be supported with a well-researched __________. A __________ restating the main argument of the text will be the end of the text. . __________ is a type of paragraph development that focuses on presenting points of view An __________ is one’s claim or position that can either support or reject the issue previously stated.

30. The class will be divided into groups. Each group will pick a number to know what type of persuasive writing advertisement they need to do according to specifications stated on the board. Finished outputs will be posted on Facebook.

31. Write a persuasive text to encourage incoming senior high school to choose the strand you are enrolled in.

32. Write a persuasive essay about: 1. Has the rise of the internet given a positive or negative impact on education? Claim: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Should world governments get involved in addressing climate change? Claim: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

33. CAUSE & EFFECT

34. Cause & Effect is a text development pattern that explains WHY something happens. It also states WHAT results in a particular event produces. It usually gives a statement emphasizing the cause and another emphasizing the effect.

35. Cause & Effect It is used when you are explaining why something happened or is happening. You’re also demonstrating how one thing affects another. ( Gabelo et al. 2016)

36. The following guide questions can be used for cause-effect development: Why did it happen? What caused it? What does it cause? What are the effects? How is it related to something else?

37. Ishikawa Diagram or Fishbone Diagram is the most effective visual representation of causes and effects. The ‘fish head’ represents the main problem. The potential causes of the problem, usually derived from brainstorming sessions or research, are indicated in the “fish bones” of the diagram. ( Vandenbroucke et al., 1970)

38. Further, in developing your texts you can use signal words like as a consequence of, as a result of, because, because of, now that, and since to express cause while accordingly, consequently, hence, so, therefore, and this resulted in, to signify effects

39. Take Note: Cause-and-effect texts are important because they attempt to explain the reasons for things that occur in life.

40. Put a check (✓) if the item is suited for a cause-and-effect text or a cross (x) if not. ____ 1. How to play drums ____ 2. Impact of technology in education ____ 3. Importance of daily reading habit ____ 4. The increased drop-out rate in a school. ____ 5. The act of kindness

41. Exercises:  Write the cause and the effect from each sentence.  Underline the signal word that helped you. 1. It had begun to rain, so Sadio and Yusuf had to run inside.             Cause :________________________________________________             Effect: ______________________________________________________ Keyword: __________ 2.  Since it was so chilly and damp outside, Ahmed built a big fire in his fireplace.             Cause :________________________________________________             Effect :________________________________________________ Keyword: __________

42. 3. Crizza was getting very frustrated and angry because none of her good ideas were being recognized at work. 4. In the movie “The Wizard of Oz”, a tornado picked up Aunty Lily’s house in Kansas, and as a result, Dorothy and Toto ended up in the wonderful world of Oz.

43. Complete the given statements to sum up your learning for this lesson. Cause and effect is a text development pattern explains ___________ something happens and states ___________results a particular event produces. ___________focuses on: why did the topic happen; what caused it; what does it cause; what are its effects; and how is it related to something else. Signal words used in introducing cause include: _______________________ (Give 1 example) Signal words used in introducing effect include: _______________________ (Give 1 example) Who is the inventor of the Fish bone diagram.

44. PROBLEM-SOLUTION

45. Problem A source of perplexity, distress, or vexation.

46. Solution An action or process of solving a problem

47. CAUSE & EFFECT “why” and “what happened” questions PROBLEM-SOLUTION - “how” - How will we do things and how we can resolve issues or concerns around us Problem-Solution:

48. A problem/solution essay presents a problem, usually discussing several aspects of the problem, then concludes by discussing solutions to the problem.

49. Define the problem to be solved. Decide how to organize your writing. Write a thesis statement. Support your thesis with examples and details. Gather supporting information. Brainstorm to identify several solutions. Write a strong conclusion.

50. The problem may be addressed in the following ways: Effects only Describe the problem only in terms of its effects. Use examples. Causes and effects Outline the causes of the problem. Discuss solutions in terms of preventive measures. Extended example After a topic sentence, illustrate the problem by using an extended example (through a story or an anecdote from your introduction).

51. How to prevent diabetes? For example: Your neighbor is prone to diabetes because of his family history regarding the disease yet he always skips his breakfast, snubs fish, and loves to drink Colas. You might first talk to him; if that doesn’t work, arrange for a mediator (medical expert; doctor)

52. Arrange the following steps in developing a problem-and-solution text. _____ Brainstorm to identify several solutions. _____ Gather supporting information. _____ Define the problem to be solved. _____ Decide how to organize your writing. _____ Write a thesis statement. _____ Support your thesis with examples and details. _____ Write a strong conclusion. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

53. List down the top three problems of millennials today. Then propose possible solutions to each of your identified problems. You can use this as a springboard in writing a problem-solution text.