realismperiod-3rd sem eng.pptx.........................

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1. R ealism Period

2. WHAT IS THE REALISM PERIOD ? The literary movement that appeared in the late 19th and early 20th century. It was a reaction to the romantic. Realism indicates how life truly is. Realism emerged as a dominant literary movement in the 19th century, primarily as a reaction against the romanticism of the preceding era. While Romanticism celebrated imagination, emotion, and the supernatural, Realism aimed to portray life as it really was, focusing on everyday experiences and the struggles of ordinary people. This lecture will explore the key characteristics of realism in English literature, its historical context, major authors and works, and its lasting impact.

3. HISTORICAL CONTEXT Historical Context: The rise of realism in English literature coincided with significant social and economic changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution. Urbanization, industrialization, and the growth of the middle class led to a shift in literary focus from the aristocracy to the common people. Writers sought to capture the realities of a rapidly changing world, addressing issues such as poverty, class disparity, and the effects of industrialization on society.

4. Historical Context Population of the United States is growing rapidly(1865 -1915) Science, industry and transportation are expanding. Literature also was growing, but most new writers were not Romantics or Transcendentalists. They are Realists.

5. Historical Context The aftermath of the Civil War meant that Americans were less certain and optimistic about the future. The idealism of the Romantics and philosophy of Transcendentalists seemed out of date and irrelevant to many readers.

6. C haracteristics of Realism 1- Reaction against Romanticism (A literary movement that focused around feeling, imagination, and intuition) , and realism tend to about real social theme 2- Realism is situated with truth and depicted life and society they were. 3- Focuses mainly on present issues and truths from now rather than the past or fantasy.

7. C haracteristics of Realism 4- Focus is on the characters rather than the actual plot. T hey are focusing deeper into the characters 5- The class of the characters are important and usually portray the middle or lower class.

8. Characteristics of Realism 6- Diction is natural vernacular (talking, conversational). The conversations between the characters are vernacular or informal language 7- Events that occur in the story are predictable because of the lack of over dramatization and fantasy.The events in realism are completely realistic and reflect our real life

9. LEGACY OF REALISM The literary movement of Realism has had a profound and lasting impact on the development of English literature. Its influence can be seen in subsequent literary movements, such as Naturalism, Modernism, and Social Realism, which built upon Realism's core principles. The emphasis on authenticity, social critique, and psychological insight that defined Realism paved the way for more sophisticated and socially conscious forms of storytelling. Moreover, the legacy of Realism continues to be felt in contemporary literature, with many works seeking to capture the complexities of human experience with honesty, empathy, and a commitment to realistic representation.

10. Famous writers LEO TOLSTOY: We can't talk about Realism without talking about Leo Tolstoy Because he wrote two of the greatest works of Realism ever: War and Peace ,and Anna Karenina. Tolstoy was born in 1828 at Yasnaya Polyana,His parents died when he was young.

11. He got married in his early thirties. His wife Sophia, who came from a sophisticated high-cultured background was only 18..They had 13 children, 9 of whom survived infancy Tolstoy's first great novel was "War and Peace" published in 1869, when he was 41.died in 1910, aged 82.

12. Famous writers GEORGE ELIOT: George Eliot-was actually a woman named Mary Ann Evans who published under a male pen name so that her work would be taken more seriously. Georg Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator

13. She wrote seven novels, Adam Bede (1859), The Mill on the Floss (1860), Silas Marner (1861), Romola (1862–63), Felix Holt, the Radical (1866), Middlemarch (1871–72) and Daniel Deronda (1876), most of which are set in provincial England and known for their realism and psychological insight.

14. F amous writers CHARLES DICKENS: He is an English novelist was born in 1812-1870 He's famous for providing a view of English society across a spectrum of classes, While George Eliot focused on life in the country, Charles Dickens focused on life in the city. He wrote many books, including: • Sketches by Boz (1836) • The Pickwick Papers (1837) • Oliver Twist (1838)

15. Dickens is able to show the problems in society during the time, such as these harsh conditions for orphans and children, as well as the unfair factory jobs and debtor's prisons. Dickens also often makes fun of the immoral characters in his novels using satirical humour. There are many examples of this throughout Oliver Twist, where the misbehaving adults around Oliver are made fun of through their own actions and hypocrisy.

16. Famous works The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by mark twain A nineteenth-century boy from a Mississippi River town recounts his adventures as he travels down the river with a runaway slave.

17. Famous works The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck The Pulitzer Prize-winning epic of the Great Depression, a book that galvanized—and sometimes outraged—millions of readers.

18. Famous works Death Comes for the Archbishop by Willa Cather There is something epic—and almost mythic—about this beautiful novel by Willa Cather, although the story it tells is that of a single human life, lived simply in the silence of the desert.