Recombinant dna technology

Information about how recombinant DNA is produced and how will introduced in the host cell.

1. Recombinant DNA Technology Presentation By: Danish Salmani M.ScIII zoology

2. R-DNA Technology. Popularly known as genetic engineering, is a stream of biotechnology which deals with manipulation of genetic material by man in vitro. It refers to a no. of methodologies in which the desired genes or DNA sequences of an organism are cut into fragments and then introduced into host cell with or without the help of carriers or vectors to alter its phenotype to suits human needs.

3. Tools of r-DNA Technolo gy. There are three types of bilogical tools wich are used in the synthesis of r-DNA. Enzymes Vehicle or vector DNA Passanger DNA

4. Enzymes. As we know that ,there are severals of specific enzyme which are used in genetic engineering.These include:- Lysing Enzymes:- These are used to open up the cell to get DNA for genetic experiment . Lysozyme is commonly used to dissolve the bacterial cell. Cleaving Enzymes:- There are used to break DNA molecule .They are further of three kinds: Exonuclease Endonuclease Restriction endonuclease

5. 3. Synthesizing Enzymes:- These play a role in the synthesis of DNA strands on suitable templates.They are of two types: Reverse trancriptase DNA Polymerase 4. Joining Enzymes:- These help in sealing gaps in DNA fagments which are otherwise joined by complementary base pairing . Example.: Tu ligase act as a molecular glue.

6. Cloning vector / vehicle DNA. The DNA used as a carrier for transferring a fragments of foreign DNA into a suitable host is called vehicle DNA. They are of five types:- Plasmid Bacteriophage DNA DNA of plant and animal virus Transposons Artificial DNA

7. Plasmid:- They are small extranuclear circular DNA which carry extrachromosomal gene in bacteria and fungi. They replicate independently. The best known vector which are available commercially are pBR322 & pUC18.

8. Passenger DNA It is the DNA which is transferred from one organism into another by combining it with the vehicle DNA. Three types of DNA are used as- C-DNA:- it is synthesized on RNA template with the help of reverse transcriptase enzymw and necessarry nucleotide. S-DNA:- it is synthesize with the help of DNA polymerase on DNA template or form free deoxy ribonucleotides without a template. Random DNA:- it refers to small fragments formed bg breaking a chromosome of an organism with the help of restriction endonuclease.

9. Reference:- Recombinant DNA technology . From advance biotechnology book by R.C.Dubey.

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