REFERENCE IN READING TEXT (THE BEST WAY TO ENHANCE YOUR ENGLISH SKILL)

A short course to enhance your reading skill

1. REFERENCE IN READING TEXT LBE-05 MUHAMMAD RIZKI FAZRI NST, S.S., M.HUM

2. REFERENCE

3. Cataphoric Reference Cataphoric Reference is the reference in which the “Noun”, “Phrase”, or “Pronoun”, are located after the reference ( Down in the sentence). Examples: Although I phone her every week, my mother still complains that I don’t keep in touch often enough. Probably they got terrible scores. Mark and Peter encountered their lecturers.

4. Exophoric Reference Exophoric Reference is the reference in which the “Noun”, “Pronoun”, “Word”, or “Phrase” are not mentioned in the sentences of the text. Examples: I told her that she could find it on a map, but you know how she is. They look at him. and he doesn’t know what to do.

5. Reference Classification Pronoun: I, You, we, They, She, He, It, Me, You, Them, etc. Noun: School, Amphibia, Plantation, Universe, Space, etc. Phrase: Your excellency, My pleasure, Your Honor, etc

6. Anaphoric Reference Anaphoric Reference is the reference in which the “Noun”, “Phrase”, “Pronoun”, or are located in the beginning of a sentence (Sooner in the sentence). Examples: Risa went to the cinema. She was annoyed because it was closed. Mr. Haris and Jacky attended the classroom. They were really Friendly. Indonesia and Malaysia are southeast Asian countries . They are bordering countries.

7. Exercise Text 1 The disgraceful anthropology games, or anthropology days as they were called, were the creation of what was the then department of anthropology at the St. louis world’s fair, for which the Olympics was just the athletic side show. There was a debate within the athletic and anthropological community at the time as to whether people of color from colonized countries were natural athletes. So they thought they’d do some experiments to prove the veracity of this racist anthropology. They gathered together people form different ethnic backgrounds and got theme to perform Olympic sports, then tested their times and performances against white, collegiate American athletes. The word they underlined in paragraph 1 refers to ………………… The Olympics People of color from colonized countries. The athletic and anthropological community. People from different ethnic backgrounds.

8. Text 2 it was noted and tracked which participants in the study considered themselves artists so that their result could be compared to non artists. In that way, the researchers hope to understand whether past experience play a factor in triggering feelings of reward. 2. The word their underlined in paragraph 2 refers to ………………………… researchers. Participants. artists non-artists

9. Text 3 Researches have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affection and cooperative. However, even when care giving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on again offers caregivers and potential caregivers help whenarranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home, and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn arouse confidence in others and ask for help from others. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to do. 3. The word “They” were affection and cooperative in line 2 refer to ………………. Researchers Caregivers Elderly people Care and giving treatment.

10. Text 4 W h ether or not standards in public school are actually falling, many parents feel that the only way to secure a good education for their children is to send them to private schools, which generally have smaller classes and stricter discipline. The popularity of such school of growing steadly, despite the high tuition fees. In the United States, for example, eleven percent of all school tuition fees. In the United States, for example eleven percent of all school children attend private school in France over sixteen percent fo so. 4. The word “their” children is to send them to private schools refer to …………………. The standards Education in public school The children The parents

11. Text 5 Every year , M easles kills twice as many Americans polionow does. More children die from measles from any other common chilhood disease. Also compilations of some degree occur in about one chilhood out of six. Most complications include pneumonia and ear disordes. Another after-effect of measles-brain damage- iss less common, but it can have such serious consequences that it deserves special attention. 5. The word “it” in the last paragraph would probably a ………….. Human being Diseases Damage childhood