Removal of various pollutants using Membrane

Membrane

1. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 1/11
6. Removal through Membrane
•Introduction
•Micro filtration
•Ultrafiltration
•Nanofiltration
•Reverse osmosis filtration
•Electrodialysis

2. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 2/11
Introduction

3. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 3/11
Cheremisinoff, 2002

4. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 4/11
What are Membranes?
Thin barriers or films of material that allow certain
substances to pass through.
Our bodies have numerous semi-permeable
membranes that allow nutrients in and toxins out.
Semi-permeable membranes only
allow some substances to pass through
Microfiltration
Ultrafiltration
Nanofiltration
Reverse Osmosis
Filtering processes that are
capable of separating very
small particles, molecules,
and ions in solution
WATER TREATMENT MEMBRANES
From Dr Amin

5. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering
Filtration Range
Reverse
Osmosis
Nano Ultra Micro
0.00010.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100
.
Pore Diameter -microns
(Particle Size and Filtration Range)
Influenza Virus
0.1 microns
Hemoglobin
0.007 microns
Water
0.0002 microns
Na Ion
0.00037 microns
Giardia Lamblia and Cryptosporidium
3 to 5 microns
Streptococcus Bacteria
1 micron
Pseudomonas Diminuta
0.28 microns
From Dr Amin

6. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 6/11
Reverse Osmosis

7. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 7/11
Reverse Osmosis (RO)
-Final barrier to removal of dissolved species (> 90% NaCl)
-Demineralisation, removal of ionic constituents
-Pressurised vessel with spiral membranes
Reverse Osmosis Modules for reclamation of
secondary treated sewage
Kranji NEWwater plant, Singapore
Reverse Osmosis Modules for reclamation of
secondary treated sewage
West Basin, USA
From Dr Amin

8. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 8/11
Electrodialysis

9. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 9/11
Woodard, 2001
•When a DC electric current is transmitted through a saline solution,
the cationsmigrate toward the negative terminal, or cathode, and the
anionstoward the positive terminal, the anode.
•By adjusting the potential between the terminals or plates and the
electric current, the flow of ions transported between the plates can be
varied.
Cheremisinoff, 2002

10. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 10/11
Cheremisinoff, 2002

11. Part 6/6 Removal through Membrane
Lecture 13/UPM/CE/2011 ECV 4402: Advanced Wastewater Engineering 11/11
Cheremisinoff, 2002