Renewable_Energy_in_India_Group No.11.pptx

Ppt

1. Renewable Energy in India : Present status and future scope Group No.- 11 Roll No. :- 51,52,53,54,55

2. What is Renewable energy ? Renewable energy, often referred to as clean energy, comes from natural sources or processes that are constantly replenished. Renewable energy is useful energy that is collected from renewable resources , which are available with no time limit or fill up again more quickly than at which they are consumed. For Example wind and sunlight Etc.

3. India is the one of the fastest under the developing country. Its population is the major concern. Non-renewable Energy Sources like coal, oil, Natural gas have contributed to ⅓ rd of the global carbon emission. According to the World Resource Institute Report 2017,6.65% of the Total Global Carbon emission – 4th rank in this scenario. 74% of the demand is supplied by the coal and oil in India. For the sustainable growth and to avoid catastrophic climate change requirement of Less Harmful and cheaper energy. What is the need of renewable sector?

4. Renewable energy in India :- India is one of the countries with the large production of energy from renewable sources. The Installed capacity of Indian renewable sector has 90,000 MW during Nov 2020. India ranks 3rd on renewable energy investment and future plans 38% of India’s installed electricity generation capacity from renewable sources.

5. PRESENT STATUS

6. Renewable energy targets :- In Paris agreement India’s target to achieving 40% of its total electricity generation from non-fossil fuels by 2030. India is also aiming for a target of 57% of the total electricity capacity from renewable sources by 2027. The Indian government has increased the target of renewable energy capacity to 175 GW by the year 2022 1) 100GW from solar 2) 60 GW from Wind 3) 10 GW from Bio-power 4) 5 GW From small hydro-power

7. SOLAR ENERGY :- The country’s solar installed capacity was 36.9 GW as of 30 November 2020. India has vast solar energy potential. About 5,000 trillion kWh per year energy is incident over India's land area with most parts receiving 4-7 kWh per sq. m per day. National Solar Mission (NSM) was launched on 11th January, 2010. The Mission targets installing 100 GW grid-connected solar power plants by the year 2022. India achieved 5th global position in solar power deployment.

8. SOLAR Energy

9. Scope of Solar Energy in India :- Generation of solar energy has tremendous scope in India because of geographical location of India stands to its benefit of generating solar energy. The reason being India is a tropical country and its receives solar radiation almost throughout the year , which amounts to more than 5,000 trillion kWh. Almost all parts of India receive 4-7 kWh of solar radiation per sq meters / day. Since majority of people living in rural areas , there much scope of solar energy being promoted in these areas. So that use of solar energy can reduce the firewood and dung cakes by rural households. And also government target of achieving 20,000MW of solar energy power by 2022 .

10. Wind Energy :- Wind Energy accounts for nearly 10% of India’s total installed power generation capacity. India’s rank in wind power generation is 4th in the world. Total installed wind power energy capacity is 38.789 GW in year 2020. Tamil Nadu has the largest installed wind power generation capacity having 9,285 MW in 2019, which contributed 28.34% to India’s total wind energy capacity. The largest wind farm of India is in Muppandal , Tamil Nadu. (1500MW).

11. Wind Energy

12. Scope of Wind Energy in India :- Wind energy has bright future and we can expect 30% contribution of wind energy in the total generation mix of electricity in India by 2050. Considered much cheaper than solar energy , wind energy is globally emerge as favorite option, especially when energy is a major expense. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy announced a new wind-solar hybrid policy in May 2018 under which same piece of land will be used to house both wind farms and solar panels. Some states have come up with the novel schemes by identifying areas where agriculture is not very intensive do not involve in the process of land acquisition, while making the use of land for a fixed annual payment carried through a partnership between the Government and farmers.

13. Small Hydro Power :- In India hydro power plants of 25 MW or below are called Small Hydro, which is further categorized into small , mini, micro hydel projects based on their capacity as follows: Micro hydel ≤0.1 MW Mini hydel >0.1 MW to ≤2 MW Small hydel >2 MW to ≤25 MW A total capacity of 78.402 MW capacity installed in Small Hydro Power sector . The estimated potential is 21135.37 MW from small/ mini hydel projects. Karnataka has highest installed capacity around 1,280.73 MW.

14. Bio Energy :- Bio Energy is renewable energy derived from biological sources known as biomass which can be used to produce heat, electricity, and products like ethanol, biodiesel, Biogas etc. Bio gas is produced when biodegradable organic materials/wastes such as cattle-dung , biomass from gardens, farms, kitchens, Industry etc. are subjected to a scientific process called Anaerobic Digestion (A.D.). About 32% of the total primary energy use in the country is still derived from the biomass and >70% of India’s population depends upon it for its energy needs. A total capacity of 10145 MW has been installed in biomass power and cogeneration sector. Maharashtra has the largest Installed capacity 2,516.1 MW.

15. BIOMASS India is an ideal environment for Biomass production due to its tropical location and abundant sunshine and rains. India has huge agro-residues which can be used to meet energy needs, both in heat and power applications. According to IREDA “Biomass can supplement the coal to an amount of about 260 million tonnes” , “saving of about Rs. 250 billion, every year”. The potential for biomass energy in India includes 16,000 MW from biomass energy and a further 3,500 MW from cane trash cogeneration.

16. BIOMASS Materials that can be used for power generation include - bagasse, rice husk, straw, cotton stalk, coconut shells, soya husk, de-oiled cakes, coffee waste, jute wastes, groundnut shells and sawdust . Type of Agro residues Quantity(Million Tonnes / annum) Straws of various pulses & cereals 225.50 Bagasse 31.00 Rice Husk 10.00 Groundnut shell 11.10 Stalks 2.00 Various Oil Stalks 4.50 Others 65.90 Total 350.00

17. BIOGAS In 2018, India has set target to produce 15 million tons of biogas/bio-CNG by installing 5,000 large scale commercial type biogas plants which can produce daily 12.5 tons of bio-CNG by each plant. The number of small family type biogas plants has reached 3.98 million. BIOPROTEIN Synthetic methane (SNG) generated using electricity from carbon neutral renewable power or Bio CNG can be used to produce protein rich feed for cattle, poultry and fish economically by cultivating Methylococcus capsulatus bacteria culture with tiny land and water foot print. The carbon dioxide gas produced as by product from these bio protein plants can be recycled. With these integrated plants, the abundant renewable power potential in India can be converted in to high value food products without any water pollution or green house gas.

18. BIOFUEL ETHANOL It is produced from sugarcane molasses and partly from grains and can be blended with gasoline. Government is also encouraging 2G ethanol commercial production using biomass as feed stock. Biodiesel The market for biodiesel remains at an early stage in India. Biodiesel and also Biopropane are produced from non-edible vegetable oils, used cooking oil, waste animal fats etc.

19. WASTE-TO-ENERGY Waste-to-Energy (WTE) technologies recover the energy from the waste in the form of Electricity. Every year, about 55 million tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) and 38 billion litres of sewage are generated in the urban areas of India.