Reported speech

Presentation about reported speech

2. Weusereportedspeechwhenwe
aresayingwhatotherpeoplesay,
thinkorbelieve.
“I’m tired!”, Helen said.
Helen said (that) she was
tired.

3. We usually use a 'reporting verb'
like 'say' or 'tell‘.
The Reported Speech…
For example:
He said(that) he wanted to
marry me.
He saidtome(that) he wanted
to marry me.
But:
He toldme(that) he loved me.

4. Reporting Verbs… Say & Tell
With‘tell'weNEEDtousethedirect
object('me‘,‘you’,‘us’).
John told me(that) he was going to be late.
With'say'weCANorCAN’Tusethe
directobject.
John said(that) he would be late.
John said to me (that) he would be late.

5. Example of other Reporting
Verbs…
•He decided ….
•He affirmed …
•He exclaimed …
•He explained …
•He confessed …
•He asked…
•He questioned…
•He wondered…
•He inquired…

6. 1 PersonalPronounschange
Direct
Speech
Reported
Speech
I he/ she
You I/he/she/you/they
He/She/It He/She/It
We They
They They
Eg.Iwantto gohome.
He/Shesaidhe/shewantedto gohome.
Eg. Youneedto study.
Shetoldme Ineededto study
Eg. Wewantsome fruit.
Hesaidtheywantedsome fruit.

7. Changes of pronouns
•In reported speech, we usually need tochange
the pronouns (e.g. I, you, me, this, these, etc) and
possessive adjectives (e.g. my, your, etc).
•We usually change the pronouns from :
•Howeverwedonotneedtochangethe
1
st
person pronoun I when the speaker is
reporting his/her own words.
1
st
person (I, me)
2
nd
person (you, your)
3
rd
person
(we, us)

8. Direct Speech Indirect/Reported Speech
I
you
we
me
you
us
he, she
I, she, he, we, they
they
him, her
him, her, us, them
them
my
your
our
mine
yours
ours
his, her
my, his, her, our, their
their
his, hers
mine, his, hers, ours, theirs
theirs
Changes of pronouns

9. 2 VerbTenseschange
Reporting word
(say, tell)
Present or Future Past
Don’t change
the Tense!
Changethe
Tense!
One Tense
Back!

10. Whenwearereportingthingsinthe
present,futureorpresentperfect
wedon'tchangethetense.
He thinkshe lovesher.
I'll tellher you are coming.
He has saidhe'll doit.
Reporting verb is in the Present Tense!

11. When we are reporting things
that are always true (laws of nature)
we don'tchange thetense
even when the reporting verb is in the
Past tense!
He saidthat the water boilsat 100 C.
I toldher you are always late!

12. IN OTHER CASES:
If the verb in the main
sentence is in the past tense
-the other verbs are
usually in one of the past
tense too.

13. DirectSpeech Indirect Speech
•Present Simple
•Present Continuous
•Present Perfect
•Past Simple
•Past Continuous
•Past Perfect
•PastSimple •PastSimple/Perfect
•Future Will •Would + Bare Infinitive
•Can
•Shall
•Must
•Could
•Should
•Hadto
2 VerbTenseschange

14. Direct speech Indirect speech
I. Present Tenses
Present Simple Past Simple
Present Progressive Past Progressive
Present Perfect Past Perfect
Present Perfect Progressive Past Perfect Progressive
II. Past Tenses
Past Simple Past Perfect
Past Progressive Past Perfect Progressive
Past Perfect Past Perfect
III. Future Simple
Future Simple Future-in-the-Past
Future Perfect Future-in-the-Past Perfect

15. Simple Progressive Perfect
Perfect -
Progressive
Present
V /Vs
write
am, is,are +Ving
am writing
have/has+V3
havewritten
have/has been +V3
have beenwritten
Past
V2 /Ved
wrote
was/were +Ving
was writing
had+ V3
hadwritten
had been +V3
had beenwritten
Future
shall/will+V
shall write
shall (will) +
be + Ving
shallbe writing
shall (will)
have+V3
shall have
written
shall(will)have
been + Ving
shall have been
writing
Future-
in –the
-Past
should/would+
V
shauldwrite
should (would)
+be + Ving
shouldbe
writing
should(would)
have+V3
should have
written
should(would)
have been + Ving
should have been
writing

16. Present Simple
I phonemy friends every
day.”
Past Simple
She told him (that) she phonedher
friends every day
Present Progressive
I'm waitingfor Kate.
Past Progressive
He said (that) he was waitingfor
Kate.
Past Simple
I madeit yesterday.
Past Perfect
He said (that) he madeit yesterday.
Future Simple
I will studybetter.
Future-in-the-Past
He said (that) he would studybetter.
Present Perfect
I've beento France three
times.
Past Perfect
He said (that) he had beento France
three times.

17. Reported changes. Modal Verbs
can
could
mightmay
Had
been
able to
had to
must
have
to
was/
were to
be to
NOTE:
modal verbs-could, would,
might and should
do not change

18. the day
after
tomorrow
thennow
thosethese
thatthis
two days
later,
in two
days’ time
that daytoday
yesterday
the day
before
ago before
next year
the
following
year
the
previous
week
here
last week
there
the next
day
tomorrow
3. Changes of time words

19. Grammar Practice
Change into Reported Speech
1.“Wemaybuyacarnextyear”saidmygrandpa.
2.“Iliketravellingfromtimetotime”saysmycousin.
3.“Itwillberaintoday”saidthefarmer.
4.“Sharonisgoingtocomeheretomorrow”hermother
saidtome.
5.“Idon’tfeellonelythankstothebooksIlove”says
Margaret.
6.“It’sreallyamazingtoreadCDbooks”saysAndy.
7.“Youmusttakeyourmedicinetwiceaday”saida
doctor.

20. General Questions.
Тип
предло
жения
Время в
главном
предло
жении
Direct/
indirect
speech
Главное
предложение
Союз Придаточноепредложение
Общий
вопрос
(
General questions
)
Present
Direct Speech
He asks
Present Simple
–-
“Pete,willyou goto the disco.”
Future Simple
Indirect Speech
He asksPete
Present Simple
If
whether
He will goto the disco.
Future Simple
Past
Direct Speech
He asked
Past Simple
–-
“Pete,willyou goto the disco.”
Future Simple
Indirect Speech
He askedPete
Past Simple
If
whether
He would goto the disco.
Future Simple in thePast
(Future Simple Future Simple in the Past)

21. Grammar Practice
Change into Reported Speech
1.Hesaid,“Doyoulikegoingshopping?”
2.Theteachersaid,“DidyoureadanEnglishbooklast
year?”
3.Mothersaidtoherson,“Haveyouinvitedanybodyto
dinnerattheweekend?”
4.Myfriendsaidtome,“Areyougoingawayanywhere
foryourholiday?”.
5.Petesaid,“Canyouspeakaforeignlanguage?”.
6.Isaid,“Jackareyougoodatforeignlanguages?”.
7.Shesaid,“Didyouenjoytheperformance?”

22. Special Wh-Questions.
Тип
предло
жения
Время в
главном
предло
жении
Direct/
indirect
speech
Главное
предложение
Союз Придаточноепредложение
Специальный
вопрос к вопросительным
членам
Present
Direct Speech
He asks
Present Simple
–-
“Wheredoyou goevery day, Pete?”
Present Simple
Indirect Speech
He asksPete
Present Simple
where
he goesevery day.
Present Simple
Past
Direct Speech
He asked
Past Simple
–-
“Wheredoyou goevery day, Pete?”
Present Simple
Indirect Speech
He askedPete
Past Simple
where
he wentevery day.
Past Simple
(Present Simple Past Simple)

23. Special Wh-Questions.
Тип
предло
жения
Время в
главном
предло
жении
Direct/
indirect
speech
Главное
предложение
Союз Придаточноепредложение
Специальный
вопрос к подлежащему
Present
Direct Speech
He asks
Present Simple
–-
“Whoisthat man?”
Present Simple
Indirect Speech
He asks
Present Simple
–-
who isthat man.
Present Simple
who that man is
Present Simple
Past
Direct Speech
He asked
Past Simple
–-
“Whoisthat man?”
Present Simple
Indirect Speech
He asked
Past Simple
–-
who wasthat man.
Past Simple
who that man was
Past Simple
(PresentSimple Past Simple)

24. Grammar Practice
Change into Reported Speech
1.Annsaid,“Whereareyougoingfortheweekend?”
2.Theteachersaidtothepupils,“Whatareyoutalking
about?”
3.Isaidtomyfriend,“Howlongdidyoustayin
London?”
4.Hesaidtome,“Whatwillyoudoafterschool?”.
5.Shesaidtoherfriend,“Whatdoyouusuallydointhe
evening?”
6.Mikesaidtome,“WherecanIseeyoutonexttime?”.
7.Tomsaid,“Howlongwillittakeustogothereby
plane?”

25. Tense Changes. Commands.
Тип
предло
жения
Время в
главно
м
предло
жении
Direct/
indirect
speech
Главное
предложение
Союз Придаточноепредложение
Специальный
вопрос к подлежащему
Present
Direct Speech
He says
Present Simple
–-
1. “Goto the shop please”
положительнаяпросьба
2. “Don’t go to the shop ”
отрицательнаяпросьба
Indirect Speech
He asks/ tells
Present Simple
–-
1. to goto the shop
положительнаяпросьба
2. not togo to the shop ”
отрицательнаяпросьба
Past
Direct Speech
He asked
Past Simple
–-
1.“Goto the shop please”
положительнаяпросьба
2. “Don’tgo to the shop ”
отрицательнаяпросьба
Indirect Speech
He asked/told
Past Simple
–-
1. to goto the shop
положительнаяпросьба
2. not togo to the shop ”
отрицательнаяпросьба

26. Grammar Practice
Change into Reported Speech
1.TheteachersaidtoPete,“Gototheblackboard!”
2.Mumsaidtome,“Cleantheroom!”
3.Dadsaidtohischildren,“Bepoliteandsay
“Thankyou!”
4.Myfriendsaid,“Don’ttakemybooks!”
5.“Dothetaskagain,”theteachersaidtome.
6.“Don’tspeakallatatime,”theteachersaidto
herclass.
7.Mothersaid,“Ann,goandwashyourface.”

27. Homework