Reproductive and child health program

Reproductive and child health program; RCH 1, RCH 2.

1. REPRODUCTIVE AND CHILD HEALTH PROGRAM Presented by: Harsh Rastogi , M.Sc. Nursing 1 st year, King George’s Medical University, Institute of Nursing, Lucknow .

2. Introduction The reproductive and child health program was formally launched by Gov. of India on 15 th Oct 1997. As per recommendation of International Conference on Population and development held in Cario in 1994.

3. Definition In ICPD at Cairo, Fathallah defined RCH as “A state of complete, physical, mental, and social well-being and merely the absence of disease or infirmity in all matters relating to reproductive system and its function and process.”

4. Cont… “States in which people have the ability to reproduce and regulate their fertility are able to go through pregnancy and child birth, the outcome of pregnancy is successful in terms of maternal and infant survival and well-being, and couples are able to have sexual relation free of the fear of pregnancy and of contracting diseases.”

5. Objective To promote the health of the mothers and children to ensure safe motherhood and child survival. The intermediate objective is to reduce IMR & MMR. The ultimate objective is population stabilization, through responsible reproductive behavior.

6. Intervention & concept to RCH Prevention and management of unwanted pregnancies. Maternal care (safe motherhood) Child survival Prevention and management of RTIS /STD Prevention of HIV/AIDS

7. Components of RCH Following services are included in the reproductive health area as proposed by Government of India. MAIN COMPONENTS:- Family planning Child survival and safe motherhood program Prevention /management of RTI/STD and AIDS Client approach to health care.

8. Other activities Providing counseling, information and communication services on health, sexuality and gender difference. Referral services for all above intervention. Growth monitoring, nutrition education, reproductive health services for adolescents etc.

9. RCH package for various services For maternal services (safe-motherhood):- The service components are obstetric care, infection control and nutrition promotion.

10. Cont… For child services (child survival):-The essential care of the newborn, including care of the at risk newborn by prompt referral service. Infection control measures. Nutritional Promotions.

11. Cont… Reproductive Health:- Fertility control MTP services (for prevention and management of unwanted Pregnancies. Adolescent HIV/ AIDS

12. RCH Programme Phase 1 Under the RCH Programme Phase 1, various provision were made to improve the status of maternal and child health. These include:- Provision of essential & emergency and essential care. Provision of equipment and drug kits to selected PHCs and selected FRUs in all districts.

13. Cont… Provision for additional ANM, Staff nurse, and Laboratory technicians for selected districts. Provision for 24 hours delivery services at PHCs and CHCs. Referral transport in case of obstetric complication. Immunization and oral rehydration therapy.

14. Cont… Prevention and control of Vitamin-A deficiency in children. Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI). District surveys for focused intervention to reduce IMR and MMR. New initiatives undertaken during phase 1 of RCH are: Setting up of blood storage units at FRUs Training of MBBS doctors in anesthetic skills for emergency obstetric care at FRU.

15. Lacunae of RCH Phase 1 They were as follows:- The outreach services were not available to the vulnerable and needy population. The management of financial resources was inadequate. The human resources such as doctors, nurse, health worker, etc were deficient.

16. Cont… The management information and evaluation system was lacking. The effective network of first referral units was lacking. Quality of services in PHCs and CHCs was poor. Lack of community participation.

17. RCH Programme Phase 2 It was started from April 1 st 2005 up to 2009 . The RCH 2 vision articulates, “Improving access, use and quality of RCH services, especially for the poor and underserved population.”

18. Aims of RCH 2 To reduce infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, total fertility rate, and to increase couple protection rate and immunization coverage especially in rural areas.

19. Objectives of RCH 2 To improve the management performance. To develop human resources intensively. To expand RCH services to tribal areas also.

20. Cont… To monitor and evaluate the services. To improve the quality, coverage and effectiveness of the existing family welfare services and essential RCH services with a special focus on the above mentioned EAG states .

21. Components of RCH 2 Population stabilization Maternal health Newborn care Child health Adolescent health

22. Cont… Control of RTI/STIS Urban health Tribal health Monitoring and evaluation Other priority areas

23. Bibliography Basavanthappa BT, Community Health Nursing 1 st Edition, 1998, Jaypee Brothers, Delhi, Page no. 319-321. Chalkey A. M., A Textbook for the Health Worker, 1 st Edition, 1985, N.A.I. Limited, Publisher, New Delhi, Page no. 330-340. Kumari Neelam , Essentials of Community Health Nursing, 1 st Edition 2011, PV books Jalandhar , Page no. 225-226.

24. Cont… Park K., Essentials of Community Health Nursing, 4 th Edition 2004, Banarasidas Bhanot Publisher, Jabalpur, Page no. 225-226. Swarnkar K., Community Health Nursing, 2 nd Edition 2008, N.R. Brother, Indore, Page no.639-642.