Resistor capacitor inductor

Resistor capacitor inductor

1. RESISTOR CAPACITOR INDUCTOR PRESENTED BY - MANISH KUMAR

2. WHAT IS RESISTOR ? TYPES OF RESISTOR. CONNECTION OF RESISTOR. RESISTOR COLOUR CODE RESISTOR POWER RATING

3. A RESISTOR IS A PASSIVE TWO - TERMINAL ELECTRICAL COMPONENT THAT IM P L E MEN T S E L E CTRICAL RE S I S T ANC E A S A CIRCUIT ELEMENT. TH E R A TI O OF TH E V O L T A G E A P P L I E D A C R OSS A RESISTOR'S TERMINALS TO THE INTENSITY OF CURRENT THROUGH THE CIRCUIT IS CALLED RESISTANCE. THIS RELATION IS REPRESENTED BY OHM'S LAW: V = I R

4. UNIT SYMBOL THE OHM (SYMBOL: Ω) IS THE SI UNIT OF E L E CTRICAL RESI S T ANCE , NAMED AFTE R G E O R G SIMON OHM. AN OHM IS EQUIVALENT TO A VOLT PER AMPERE OTHER DERIVED UNITS ARE MILLI OHM (1 MΩ = 10 −3 Ω), KILO OHM (1 KΩ = 10 3 Ω), AND MEGA OHM (1 MΩ = 10 6 Ω). FIXED RESISTOR VARIABLE RESISTOR

5. TYPES OF RESISTOR RESISTOR FIXED RESISTOR VARIABLE RESISTOR

6. FIXED RESISTOR CARBON COMPOSITE RESISTOR FILM RESISTOR WIRE WOUND RESISTOR RESISTANCE WIRE V ARIABLE RESI S T OR RHEOSTAT POTENTIOMETER THERMISTOR HUMISTOR VARISTOR PHOTORESISTOR

7. CARBON COMPOSITE RESISTOR LOW INDUCTANCE IDEAL FOR HIGH FR E QUE N CY A P P L I C A TIONS VERY CHEAP TO MAKE H A V E VE R Y L A R GE TOLERANCES

8. FILM RESISTOR THE RESISTIVE VALUE OF THE RESISTOR IS CONTROLLED BY INCREASING THE DESIRED THICKNESS OF THE DEPOSITED FILM. RESISTANE UPTO 10 MΩ CAN BE OBTAINED. HAVE TOLERANCE 1% OR LESS

9. WIRE WOUND RESISTOR MADE BY WINDING A THIN METAL ALLOY WIRE ONTO AN INSULATING CERAMIC FORMER IN THE FORM OF A SPIRAL HELIX AVAILABLE IN VERY LOW OHMIC AND HIGH PRECISION VALUES (FROM 0.01 TO 100 KΩ)

10. R H EOSTAT RHEOSTAT IS A ADJUSTABLE RESISTOR USED IN APPLICATIONS THAT REQUIRE ADJUSTMENT OF CURRENT OR VARYING OF RESISTANCE IN AN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT A SPECIAL TYPE OF RHEOSTAT IS THE POTENTIOMETER

11. POTENTIOMETER A POTENTIOMETER IS, A POT, IN ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY IS A THREE-TERMINAL RESISTOR WITH A SLIDING CONTACT THAT FORMS AN ADJUSTABLE VOLTAGE DIVIDER. POTENTIOMETERS ARE COMMONLY USED TO CONTROL ELECTRICAL DEVICES SUCH AS VOLUME CONTROLS, JOYSTICKS ETC.

12. T H E R M I S T O R A THERMISTOR IS A TYPE OF RESISTOR WHOSE RESISTANCE VARIES SIGNIFICANTLY WITH TEMPERATURE THERMISTORS CAN BE USED AS CURRENT-LIMITING DEVICES FOR CIRCUIT PROTECTION, AS REPLACEMENTS FOR FUSES

13. H U M I S T O R A HUMISTOR IS A TYPE OF RESISTOR WHOSE RESISTANCE VARIES SIGNIFICANTLY WITH HUMIDITY A HUMIDITY SENSOR MEASURES THE HUMIDITY LEVEL BY MEASURING THE CHANGE IN THE RESISTANCE OF AN ELEMENT

14. VARISTOR A VARISTOR (OR VOLTAGE DEPENDENT RESISTOR ) FUNCTION IS TO CONDUCT SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED CURRENT WHEN VOLTAGE IS EXCESSIVE. HIGH VOLTAGE VARISTOR

15. PHOTORESISTOR A PHOTORESISTOR OR LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR (LDR) EXHIBITS PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY. PHOTORESISTORS IN MANY CONSUMER ITEMS SUCH AS STREET LIGHTS, CLOCK RADIOS, ALARM DEVICES ETC

16. TYPES OF RESISTOR

17. CONNECTION OF RESISTORS

18. SERIES CONNECTION IN SERIES CONNECTION, THE CURRENT REMAINS CONSTANT. (i.e. I = I 1 = I 2 = …. = I n ) IN SERIES CONNECTION, VOLTAGE ADDS UP. (i.e. V = V 1 + V 2 + …. + V n )

19. PARALLEL CONNECTION IN PARALLEL CONNECTION, THE VOLTAGE REMAINS CONSTANT. (i.e. V = V 1 = V 2 = …. = V n ) IN PARALLEL CONNECTION, CURRENT ADDS UP. (i.e. I = I 1 + I 2 + …. + I n )

20. RESISTOR COLOUR CODE

21. EXAMPLE:- FIND THE RESISTANCE OF THE GIVEN RESISTOR ? RESISTOR VALUE = XY * Z ± TOLERANCE

22. CO L OUR DIGIT MULTIPLIER TOLERANCE BLACK 10 - BROWN 1 10 1 ± 1% RED 2 10 2 ± 2% ORA NGE 3 10 3 - Y E L L O W 4 10 4 - GREEN 5 10 5 ± 0.5% BLUE 6 10 6 ± 0.25% VIOLET 7 10 7 ± 0.1% GREY 8 10 8 - WHITE 9 10 9 - GOLD - 10 -1 ± 5% SILVER - 10 -2 ± 10% NONE - - ± 15% CO L OUR CO D E T A B LE

23. RESISTOR POWER RATING THE POWER RATING OF RESISTORS CAN BE CALCULATED USING THE FORMULA :- THE LARGER THE POWER RATING, THE GREATER THE PHYSICAL SIZE OF THE RESISTOR. WHEN USED IN AC CIRCUITS THE AC IMPEDANCE OF A RESISTOR IS EQUAL TO ITS DC RESISTANCE.

24. CAPACITOR

25. INDEX  What is the capacitor ?  What is it unit ?  Why we using this thing ?  How to connect the capacitor in series circuit ?  How to connect the capacitor in parallel circuit ?  How to connect the capacitor in series & parallel ?  In practical how to make a simple capacitor ?

26. What is the capacitor? The capacitor is passive device consists of tow plats and separated by an insulator material.

27. Reason for use the capacitor in the circuit is a storage the energy. The Symbol of Capacitor

28. The Unity of Measurement The Capacitor

29. Connection of capacitor in series  Equivalent Ci r c u I t  Formula  Examples

30. Connection of capacitor in parallel Equivalent Circuit Formula Examples

31. Combination of capacitor in series and parallel  Equivalen t circuit.  Examples.

32. Charging the capacitor (curve). Ch a r g ing

33. D ischarging the capacitor (curve) Di s char g in g

34. How we can make a simple capacitor?  What are the materials that we will use to make a simple capacitor?  How we can make it ?

35. Different Types Of Capacitors

36. Reading Values of capacitance Capacitors

37. Storing a charge between the plates Electrons on the left plate are attracted toward the positive terminal of the voltage source This leaves an excess of positively charged holes The electrons are pushed toward the right plate Excess electrons leave a negative charge + - + _ Working Of Capacitors

38. Working Of Capacitors

39. What is dielectric?

40. Fixed And Variable Capacitors

41. Inductor

42. Inductors Definition: An inductor is a passive electronic component that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field. In its simplest form, an inductor consists of a wire loop or coil. The inductance is directly proportional to the number of turns in the coil. Inductance also depends on the radius of the coil and on the type of material around which the coil is wound.

43. Inductor

44. Magnetism Any material possessing the property of magnetism is a magnet. Every magnet has both a north (N) pole and a south (S) pole. Just as “like” electric charges repel each other and “unlike” charges attract, “like” magnetic poles repel each other and “unlike” poles attract.

45. Magnetic Field In Current Carrying Conductor A magnetic filed is associated with a moving charge. When current passes through a conductor, charges are moving and so magnetic filed is created around it.

46. Magnetic Field In Curren t Carrying Conductor

47. Magnetic Field In Current Carrying Conductor

48. Types of Inductor Fixed Inductor There are many types of inductors ; all differ in size, core material, type of windings, etc. so they are used in wide range of applications. The maximum capacity of the inductor gets specified by the type of core material and the number of turns on coil. Depending on the value, inductors typically exist in two forms, fixed and variable. .The number of turns of the fixed coil remains the same. This type is like resistor s in shape and they can be distinguished by the fact that the first color band in fixed inductor is always silver. They are usually used in electronic equipment as in radios, communication apparatus, electronic testing instruments, etc.

49. Ferromagnetic Core Inductor or Iron-core Inductors This type uses ferromagnetic materials such as ferrite or iron in manufacturing the inductor for increasing the inductance. Due to the high magnetic permeability of these materials, inductance can be increased in response of increasing the magnetic field . At high frequencies it suffers from core loses, energy loses, that happens in ferromagnetic cores FERRITE CORE – For tuned circuits at Higher Frequencies.

50. Air Core Inductor Air cored inductor is the type where no solid core exists inside the coils. In addition, the coils that wound on nonmagnetic materials such as ceramic and plastic, are also considered as air cored. This type does not use magnetic materials in its construction. The main advantage of this form of inductors is that, at high magnetic field strength, they have a minimal signal loss. On the other hand, they need a bigger number of turns to get the same inductance that the solid cored inductors would produce. They are free of core losses because they are not depending on a solid core. AIR CORE – used for Radio Frequencies.

51. Toroidal Core Inductor Toroidal Inductor constructs of a circular ring-formed magnetic core that characterized by it is magnetic with high permeability material like iron powder, for which the wire wounded to get inductor. It works pretty well in AC electronic circuits' application. The advantage of this type is that, due to its symmetry, it has a minimum loss in magnetic flux; therefore it radiates less electromagnetic interference near circuits or devices. Electromagnetic interference is very important in electronics that require high frequency and low power.

52. Laminated Core Inductor This form gets typified by its stacks made with thin steel sheets, on top of each other designed to be parallel to the magnetic field covered with insulating paint on the surface; commonly on oxide finish. It aims to block the eddy current s between steel sheets of stacks so the current keeps flowing through its sheet and minimizing loop area for which it leads to great decrease in the loss of energy. Laminated core inductor is also a low frequency inductor. It is more suitable and used in transformer applications. LAMINATED RON CORE – used for Low Frequencies.

53. Powdered Iron Core Its core gets constructed by using magnetic materials that get characterized by its distributed air gaps. This gives the advantage to the core to store a high level of energy comparing to other types. In addition, very good inductance stability is gained with low losses in eddy current and hysteresis. Moreover, it has the lowest cost alternative. POWDERED RON CORE – used for Low Frequencies

54. Working Of Inductor

55. Home made Inductor

56. Inductor Genre tar

57. Where Inductors are used ?