Results_and_Discussion_Polyalthia_longifolia.pptx

Abdominal fat, Broiler chickens, Carcass traits, Leaf meal supplementation and Polyalthia longifolia.

1. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Polyalthia longifolia Leaf Meal in Broiler Diets

2. Overview of Results Table 5 presents a summary of the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers fed diets supplemented with Polyalthia longifolia leaf meal (0–6%). Variables include feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), slaughter weight, carcass weight, relative carcass weight, abdominal fat weight, and abdominal fat percentage. Note: Different superscript letters within the same row indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

3. Feed Intake Polyalthia longifolia inclusion significantly affected feed intake (P<0.05). The highest intake was found in P3, the lowest in P1. Reduced intake was likely due to higher crude fiber and the presence of tannins and saponins that reduce palatability and protein digestibility (Filawati, 2008; Rohyani et al., 2015).

4. Body Weight Gain Body weight gain decreased significantly with higher inclusion levels of P. longifolia (P<0.05). This decline was attributed to reduced nutrient digestibility and bioactive compounds limiting absorption. Values remained within normal ranges (Azman et al., 2021).

5. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) Increased inclusion of P. longifolia leaf meal worsened FCR (P<0.05). Higher fiber and anti-nutritional compounds reduced feed efficiency. However, values remained within acceptable ranges for tropical conditions.

6. Slaughter and Carcass Weight Significant reductions (P<0.05) were found in P2 and P3 treatments. High crude fiber reduced energy and protein utilization, leading to lower weights (Filawati, 2008; Haryadi et al., 2015).

7. Relative Carcass Weight No significant effect (P>0.05) observed. Values remained consistent (~0.74%), indicating feed composition had limited effect on carcass proportion (Septiani et al., 2016; Azman et al., 2021).

8. Abdominal Fat Weight Abdominal fat decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing P. longifolia levels. Higher fiber reduced energy availability and fat deposition (Dewanti et al., 2013).

9. Abdominal Fat Percentage Fat percentage (0.5–1.1%) was lower than typical ranges (Becker et al., 1979). Higher P. longifolia levels limited energy conversion to fat (Pantjawidjaja, 2007; Mangais et al., 2016).

10. Conclusion Polyalthia longifolia leaf meal affected broiler growth and carcass characteristics. Increasing inclusion up to 6% reduced feed intake, growth, and efficiency, but decreased abdominal fat deposition. Thus, it can improve carcass leanness when used at optimal levels.

11. Recommendations • Limit inclusion to <3% to avoid reduced growth performance. • Investigate fermentation or enzyme treatment to reduce fiber and tannins. • Future studies should evaluate effects on meat quality, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant status.