Rice_Khaira_and_Tungro_Presentation.pptx

BSc agriculture 3rd year 5th sem.

1. jaipur national university Subject Name :- disease of field and horticultural crops and their management Subject Code :-BSCAGCO504T22 Credit Hours :-3{2+1} Submitted To :- dr.S.K khatik Submitted By :- akansha meena

2. Rice Khaira and Rice Tungro Diseases

3. Introduction Rice is a staple food crop for over half the world’s population. Its production is affected by various diseases — both physiological and viral. Two major ones are: 1. Khaira disease (nutritional disorder) 2. Tungro disease (viral disease)

4. Rice Khaira Disease - Cause Cause: Zinc deficiency in soil. Pathogen: Not caused by any pathogen — it is a nutritional disorder. Common in alkaline soils and poorly drained paddy fields.

5. Rice Khaira Disease - Symptoms Appears 2–3 weeks after transplanting. Leaves show: • Brown spots (khaira = 'brown' in Hindi) • Yellowing of younger leaves • Stunted growth and poor tillering • Reduced yield

6. Rice Khaira Disease - Management • Apply Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO₄·7H₂O) @ 25–50 kg/ha • Mix with lime or organic manure to avoid toxicity • Maintain proper water drainage and pH around 6–7 • Use zinc-efficient varieties

7. Rice Tungro Disease - Cause Causal Agent: • Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) • Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV) Mode of Transmission: Green leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens)

8. Rice Tungro Disease - Symptoms • Stunted plants with yellow to orange discoloration of leaves • Reduced tillering and shortened panicles • Grains are few and chaffy • Spreads rapidly in warm, humid conditions

9. Rice Tungro Disease - Management • Use resistant varieties like IR36, IR50 • Control leafhopper using insecticides or light traps • Destroy infected plants to reduce virus source • Avoid early planting in tungro-prone areas

10. Comparison Table Feature | Khaira Disease | Tungro Disease Type | Nutritional disorder | Viral disease Cause | Zinc deficiency | Virus (RTBV & RTSV) Transmission | Soil condition | Green leafhopper Main symptom | Brown/yellow leaves | Yellow-orange leaves, stunted plants Control | Zinc application | Resistant varieties, vector control

11. Conclusion Both diseases reduce rice yield significantly. Integrated nutrient management and disease monitoring are key. Healthy soil = Healthy crop 🌾

12. References • ICAR Publications • IRRI (International Rice Research Institute) Reports • Agricultural Extension Manuals

13. Thank you