Rice presentation from sidling to harvest stage.pptx

Rice presentation from sidling to harvesting stages

1. RICE NAMe : Luiz Joshua n. tubera Subject: agri Cso2- cereals and food legumes Instructor: ma’am lorna caraang

2. I. Introduction Rice ( 0rayza Sativa) Rice, locally knows as “ Palay ” (un-milled rice), Bigas ( milled rice) and “ Kanin ”. (cooked rice) is much more than food. It is grain crop that has historical and cultural significance. As a cereal grains domesticated rice is the most widely consumed staple food for over half of the worlds human population, particularly in Asia and Africa. It is the agricultural commodity with the 3 rd highest world wide production after sugarcane and maize.

3. II. Pre- planting/ Planting activities Seed Selection/Quality Use high quality seeds of a recommended variety. High quality seeds are relatively pure, have fewer wed seeds, free from visible seed borne diseases full and uniform in size, and have at least 85% germination rate. Crop Calendar Using a crop calendar, allows better planning of all farm activities and the cost of production. A cropping calendar is a schedule of the rice growing season from the follow period and land preparation, to crop establishment and maintenance, to harvest and storage. Land Preparation Plowing to “ tilling” or dig up, mixed and over turn the soil. harrowing to break the soil clods into smaller mass and incorporate plants residue, leveling the field.

4. Initial land preparation begins after your last harvest or during fallow period. This is for effective weed control and for enriching the soil. Generally, it will take 3-4 weeks to prepare the field before planting. Planting rice crops can be either direct seeded or transplanted. In direct seeding, seeds, are sown directly in the field. While in transplanting, seedlings are first raised in seedbeds before they are planted in the field. Water, Fertilizer and IPM

5. iii . Transition from Vegetative to Reproductive phase Morphomological /Anatomical changes Cultivated rice is generally considered a semiaquatic annual grass, although in the tropics it can survive as a perennial producing new tillers from nodes after harvest ( ratooning ). At maturity the rice plant has a main stem and a number of tillers. Each productive tiller bears a terminal flowering head or panicle. It ranging approximately 0.4 m to over 5m in some floating rices . The morphology of rice is divided into vegetative phases (including germination, seedling and tillering stages) and the reproductive phases (including panicle initiation and heading

6. IV. Concepts of Flowering Theory of flowering Rice is a cereal grain that is the most important food crop in the world. It is a grain that is small and round And is light brown in color It pass several different anatomical stages differentiation of primary rachis- brach pri-mordia to the late stages of reproductive division. Generally flowering in paddy rice occurs by anther extrusion between the opening and closing of the spikelet. Active flowering generally lasts for 1-2.5 h daily during the reproductive phases. Anatomy of the rice plant The plant has stiff, strong stems that support the leaves and grain It has many stems because the plant produces many tillers. Each tiller has its own roots, stem and leaves. Some tiller will make grain and other will not.

7. light It increases plant photosynthesis, increases photosynthetic yield and improves seedling morphology Temperature The average temperature required throughout the life period of the crop ranges from 21 to 37*c. Maximum temperature which the crop can tolerate 400 C to 42*c. Mineral nutrition It contains magnesium, phosphorous, manganese, selenium, iron, folic acid, thiamin and niacin Growth Regulator Can have a direct, positive impact on crop vigor , weed control, loading tolerance and grain production V. Factor affecting floral induction and evocation

8. Can be defined as a mature ovary Fruit development can generally be considered to occur in four phases. Fruit set phase Rapid cell division Cell enlargement Maturation and ripening Fruit development follows a sigmoid growth. IV. Fruit

9. THANK YOU!!!