Road transport

Road transport

1. ROAD TRANSPORT

2. Road transport is one of the modes of transport, in which cargo and passengers move on land roads by wheeled means of transport ( eg motor vehicles). Transport services that take place using this mode of transport are provided by road hauliers . The advantages of road transport include, among others, the possibility to provide cargo or passengers directly to the destination (the so-called high availability. principle "from door to door"). While, the disadvantages include energy consumption and harmful impact on the environment.

3. ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE Road transport infrastructure can be divided in the same way as other modes of transport infrastructure into linear infrastructure (roads) and point - such as road junctions, bus stops, logistic centers and transshipment points, as well as infrastructure of an auxiliary character, such as car parks, petrol stations, car washes, or vehicle control stations or service stations.

4. Types of road transport A ccording to the criterion of economic activity: - commercial transport- non-profit transport - run for its own use A ccording to the territorial criterion : - national road transport - commercial transport characterized by the fact that all traffic is carried out using motor vehicles or combinations of vehicles registered in the country, on the road, which start, end and transit routes are located on Polish territory . - international road transport - similar requirements as in domestic transport, with the difference that the starting point or destination may be located outside the country.

5. Means of Transport The basic division includes the means of transport for transporting people and resources intended for the carriage of cargo . Means of transport for carrying people can be divided into individual means of transport and collective means of transport. The first group includes for example, bicycles, mopeds, motorcycles and cars. The second one are: buses (all sizes of vans, and large buses), buses and trolleybuses. Taxis have a specific function in the individual transport of people . Noteworthy is also the concept of car-pooling with a view to increasing the number of people moving simultaneously in a single means of transport, which contributes to reducing the effect of congestion on the roads (especially in cities), and thus to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Means of transport for cargo include all types of vans, trucks (the universal body, specialized or special body ).

6. Conventions and international regulations Vienna Convention on Road Traffic -regulating travel on the road - CMR- stating the model of international consignment note - Convention ADR - Transport of Dangerous Goods - The TIR Convention- concerning the transit of goods by lorries in international transport - The Convention on the ATP - transport of perishable goods - AETR Agreement- referring to the working time of drivers - INTERBUS agreement – concerning the international passengers

7. Organisations One of the major international organizations that brings together those involved in road transport (such as national road transport associations, vehicle manufacturers) founded in 1948 is Road Transport Union. It brings together 179 members from 74 countries and is responsible, among others for representing interests of road transport,

8. Urban Transport in poland Moving around Poland can be fairly easy through their public transportation system. Urban transport in Poland consists mainly of buses and trams . In Warsaw, two metro lines operate . Depending on the size of the city, the public transportation frequency is quite high . Each city in Poland has a Public Transport Authority that manages the transportation system. Most cities, however, have the same type of public transport and work in the same way.