Introduction to Security Concepts Security is the foundation of protecting digital assets and ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. This introduction covers the core principles, best practices, and emerging trends in the dynamic field of cybersecurity.
Risk Management and Risk Response Risk Assessment Identifying, analyzing, and evaluating potential threats and vulnerabilities to an organization's systems and data. Risk Response Developing and implementing strategies to mitigate, transfer, or accept identified risks based on their likelihood and impact. Risk Monitoring Continuously tracking and reviewing risk factors to ensure effective risk management over time.
Security Controls and Attack Vectors 1 Security Controls Technical, administrative, and physical safeguards that protect against unauthorized access, data breaches, and other security threats. 2 Attack Vectors Potential entry points or methods that can be used by attackers to gain access to a system or network. 3 Layered Defense Implementing multiple security controls and tactics to create a comprehensive defense against a variety of attack vectors.
Social Engineering, Phishing, and Baiting Social Engineering Manipulating people into divulging sensitive information or performing actions that compromise security. Phishing Tricking users into revealing login credentials or other confidential data through fraudulent emails or websites. Baiting Leaving malware-infected physical media, such as USB drives, in a location to be found and used by a victim.
Identity and Access Management 1 Authentication Verifying the identity of users, devices, or systems before granting access to resources. 2 Authorization Controlling and managing the permissions and privileges of authenticated entities based on their roles and responsibilities. 3 Auditing Monitoring and reviewing access activities to ensure compliance and detect potential security incidents.
Segregation of Duties and Least Privilege Segregation of Duties Dividing responsibilities and tasks among multiple individuals to prevent a single person from having complete control over a critical process. Least Privilege Granting the minimum level of access and permissions required for an individual or entity to perform their assigned tasks and responsibilities.
Layered Security and Cryptography Defense-in-Depth Implementing multiple security controls and safeguards to create a comprehensive and resilient security posture. Cryptography The practice of using mathematical algorithms to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of data. Encryption Transforming data into a coded format to prevent unauthorized access and ensure data privacy.
Cryptographic Attacks Brute Force Attempts to guess passwords or encryption keys by trying all possible combinations. Side-Channel Exploiting unintended physical or electromagnetic signals to extract sensitive information. Man-in-the-Middle Intercepting and manipulating communication between two parties without their knowledge.