role and sources of vitamins and minerals.pptx

Vitamins and minerals work hand in hand to help in the prevention of diseases.
Many vitamins and minerals interact with each other in groups.
The combined action of beta carotene, vitamin E and C protects cells from free radical damage and reduces the risk of cancer. Usually E and C work hand in hand, and once E serves its purpose as an antioxidant it becomes inactive, but vitamin C then regenerate vitamin E.
Many of them enhance or impair another vitamin or mineral's absorption and function (e.g., an excessive amount of iron can cause zinc deficiency).
Thus, taking insufficient amounts of vitamins may result in deficiencies, while an excess may cause toxicities. Deficiency is rare in fat-soluble vitamins due to their storage, but mild deficiencies can occur due to the lack of a balanced diet.
However, deficiencies in water soluble vitamins are common and toxicity due to high doses is rare in water-soluble vitamins.
A well-rounded diet with a variety of foods is ideal for an appropriate amount of vitamins to function to the best of its ability

1. Role and sources of Vitamins and Minerals in Human Nutrition Advance in Food science and technology FST501 By, Dhanya M

2. WHAT ARE VITAMINS ? Vitamins are made of carbon , hydrogen and oxygen. They are micronutrients because they needed in only very small quantities There are altogether 13 vitamins, of which fat-soluble are A, D, E and K while water-soluble vitamins are seven B vitamins and vitamin C. The function of vitamins in the human body is extensive and complex as they serve multiple roles and work together, from reducing infection to aiding metabolism. Vitamins are organic substances that are necessary in small quantities for normal health and growth in higher forms of animal life. Most vitamins need to come from food because the body either does not produce them or produces very little.

3. Classification of Vitamins

4. MINERALS Mineral is an element or chemical compound that is normally crystalline and has been formed as a result of geological processes. Minerals are defined as elements other than C, H, N and O. Usually solid and inorganic, and has a crystal structure. Minerals compose about 4% of Human Body. Minerals are often artificially added to some foods to make up for dietary shortages and prevent subsequent health problems, e.g., iodine is added in ‘iodized salt’ to prevent iodine deficiency, that affects about two billion people with mental retardation and thyroid gland problems, a serious public health concern globally 16 key minerals are essential for structural, functional and biochemical processes as well as electrolytes

5. IMPORTANCE Vitamins and minerals work hand in hand to help in the prevention of diseases. Many vitamins and minerals interact with each other in groups. The combined action of beta carotene, vitamin E and C protects cells from free radical damage and reduces the risk of cancer. Usually E and C work hand in hand, and once E serves its purpose as an antioxidant it becomes inactive, but vitamin C then regenerate vitamin E. Many of them enhance or impair another vitamin or mineral's absorption and function (e.g., an excessive amount of iron can cause zinc deficiency). Thus, taking insufficient amounts of vitamins may result in deficiencies, while an excess may cause toxicities. Deficiency is rare in fat-soluble vitamins due to their storage, but mild deficiencies can occur due to the lack of a balanced diet. However, deficiencies in water soluble vitamins are common and toxicity due to high doses is rare in water-soluble vitamins. A well-rounded diet with a variety of foods is ideal for an appropriate amount of vitamins to function to the best of its ability.

6. REFERENCE https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255977517_Diabetes_Hypertension_and_Cardiovascular_Disease-An_Unsolved_Enigma