Role of village instituation in rural development

role of village institution in rural development

1. ROLE OF VILLAGE INSTITUTION IN RURAL Development Nooragha Khalil Safi (2015A147M ) 22/04/2017

2. OUTLINE Introduction Important Concepts Some village institutions and their role in rural development Panchayati Raj Institution NABARD Cooperatives societies Self Help G roups ( SHGs) Farmer Interest G roups (FIGs) Schools

3. Introduction The  Rural Development in India  is one of the most important factors for the growth of Indian economy . India is the primarily an agriculture-based country. Agriculture contributes is nearly one-fifth of the GDP in India. In order to increase the growth of agriculture, the Government has planned several programs related to Rural Development. The Ministry of Rural Development is the apex body for formulating policies, regulations and acts related to rural development sector .

4. Cont … Most of the institutions are established for the purpose of rural development like village institutions. Understanding village level institutions and its role for rural development is important for the following reasons. 1. Informal institutions play an important role in regulating household access to key resources on which livelihoods are based. 2. Given the current attention on building what are seen as more democratic village organizations.

5. Rural population (% of total population) World Bank  IBRD. IDA 2015 Country 1960 2015 Afghanistan 92 73 India 82 67 Arab countries 69 42 Central Europe 55 38 World 66 46

6. Rural Community A community is a group of people, who live in a geographical area and have interest to each other for the purpose of making a living.

7. Rural development Is a strategy designed to improve the economic and social life of rural people. It is a process, which improving the rural people’s living condition. I s all about bringing change among rural community from the traditional way of living to progressive way of living .

8. Main Objectives of Rural Development

9. Utility of Rural Development Programmes Reddy, 2014, PRIs in Rural Development Andhra Pradesh

10. Institution An organization, establishment, foundation, society, corporation or the like, devoted to promotion of a particular program. Levels of Institutions National State District Cluster Village

11. Some village institutions and their role in rural development Panchayati Raj Institution NABARD Cooperative societies Self H elp G roups ( SHGs) Farmer Interest G roups (FIGs) Schools

12. Role Panchayati Raj In Rural Development The first organized effort to solve the problems of rural India was made through the Community Development Programme in the year 1952 and National Extension Service in 1953. on the completion of first five years of the CDP, the planning Commission appointed a high-ranking study committee headed by Balwant Rai Mehta the Chief Minister of Gujarat . This team pointed out both positive and negative results in the implementation of the programmes . This committee recommended Panchayati Raj.

13. Cont …. The Panchayats institutions are play an important role in rural development in India. Plan documents of both the central and state governments and various committees have emphasized the importance of these bodies in the polity. Five-year plans, specially the Second five-year plan a panchayat as responsible for village development keeping transformation of social and economic life of rural areas as its goal of development. It says that the rural progress depends on the existence of an active organization in the village which can bring all the people including the weaker sections in to common programmes to be carried out with the assistance of administration.

14. The present status of Panchayati Raj E lected representatives at all level are 3 million . O ne-third are women’s seats . Gram/village level panchayats are more than 2.4 lakh . Taluka/block level panchayats are more than 6,000 . Zilla /district level panchayats are 500 . Cover more than 5.8 lakh villages ( 96%). Nearly 99.6% of rural population. Source: Manual for (e-Course) PGS agricultural research, research ethics and rural development

15. Three Levels of Panchayat Raj

16. Gram or Village Assembly Villages – population of 500 or more Members – all adult of the village Meetings – twice a year Discusses important matters and problems regarding to the villages

17. Conti… Elected representatives of this assembly from the ‘Gram Panchayat Seats reserved for Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes One – third of seats reserved for women

18. The main functions of Village Panchayat 1. Preparation of Annual Plans for the development of the village Panchayat area. 2. Preparation of Annual Budget of Village Panchayat. 3. Mobilization of relief in natural calamities. 4. Removal of encroachments on public properties. 5. Organizing voluntary labours and contribution for community works. 6. K eeping of essential statistics of village. 7. Service function , such as promotion of education, health, agriculture etc. 8. Regulatory and administrative functions, which consists of regulating the conduct of individuals and institutions and also collection of taxes.

19. Role Helping in daily problems Administrative, social, economic and judicial functions Community development Training for future leaders Mutual help, cooperation, responsibility and self – sufficiency

20. Public image on the services of PRIs Reddy, 2014, PRIs in Rural Development Andhra Pradesh

21. Role of NABARD In Rural Development A Brief Profile Set up in 1982, committed to Rural development through intervention of credit and developmental activities. Paid-up Capital Rs.3000 crore against the Authorized Capital of Rs.5000 crore. Operates through HO at Mumbai, 30 ROs in State Capitals & 391 District Offices. As on 31-03-2013, total assets worth Rs.210000 crore.

22. Mission By the end of year 2015, NABARD planned to link nearly 9.2 crore households which would ensure coverage of more than 50% women through Self-Help Group ( SHG ) in Bank linkage program .

23. Role Providing refinance to lending institutions in rural areas .  P rovides refinance facilities for agriculture . P romoting institutional development . Evaluating, monitoring and inspecting the client banks . Acts as a coordinator in the operations of rural credit institutions . Extends assistance to the government, the RBI and other organizations for rural development.  

24. Conti… Training and research facilities for banks, cooperatives and organizations working in the field of rural development .  Apex institution for policy, planning and operations in the field of credit for agriculture and activities in rural areas.   It prepares rural credit plans for all districts in the country on annual basis. It promotes research in the fields of rural banking, agriculture and rural development.

25. Role of the Self-Help G roups (SHGs ) in Rural development A Self-Help group is a village-based financial intermediary committee. Self-Help Groups are small groups of people facing similar problems. T he members of the group help each other to solve their problems . Most of Self-Help G roups are located in South and Southeast Asia including India. It is estimated that more than 25 million rural women of India have been benefited by the ( SHGs). ( Source: http://EzineArticles.com/3481129)

26. Structure of SHG

27. Major Functions 1. Regular saving of small amount 2. Contributing to common corpus 3. Collective decision making 4. Resolve problems through mutual discussions 5. Meet emergency needs

28. Growth of Self Helps Group on Rural Development in Haryana Dr. Surender ( September 2014)

29. Role of Co-operative Society in rural development A voluntary association of persons. W orking together for common economic objective. P roviding support to the members. S elf-help and mutual help. P ooling individual resources for group welfare for common benefit .

30. American Journal of Educational Research (2015 )

31. The Principles of Cooperative

32. C lassification of cooperatives Worker Cooperatives Consumer Cooperatives Producer Cooperatives Purchasing Cooperatives Housing Cooperatives Agricultural cooperatives

33. Role of Cooperatives Societies Increase returns to the farmers Helpful in creating marketing infrastructure. Associated with other aspects of agriculture. Providing inputs and consumer goods. Others Bulk purchasing so farmer has to pay less. Provide quantity seeds, pesticides and fertilizers. Arrange availability of requisite inputs and ensure distribution.

34. Role of Farmers interest groups (FIG) in rural development A Farmer Interest Group ( FIG) is a self managed, independent group of farmers with a shared goal and interest. The members work together to achieve this goal by pooling their existing resources, gaining better access to other resources and to share in the resulting benefits

35. Objectives of a group • To address  production and marketing issues. • To develop  'self-help'  approaches. • To provide  pooled resources. • To allow members to exploit an  economy of scale. • To provide a  forum for training and information sharing. • To provide a  l ocal point for technical and training activities.

36. Activities of a group • Conduct meetings • Engage in information sharing (including networking with other groups ) • Receive technical training • Conduct field trials • Organize bulk selling and purchasing • Develop market networks and make market assessments • Support individual members on a needs basis • Manage a 'revolving' fund for group activities • Identify technical and product opportunities • Invest in issues that cannot be covered by individuals • Gain access to credit not available to individuals

37. Village schools Rural schools traditionally have played a central role in their communities. Besides providing for basic education, they often have served as a cultural center in the community. Athletics, drama programs, music, and other social activities conducted at schools have played an important part in rural community life.

38. Important of schooling contributes to economic productivity Individuals acquire skills in school that enable them to be more productive. What individuals learn in school makes them more likely to adopt new technologies and practices. Schooling helps individuals to do functions more effectively in modern production organizations . Schools socialize people into functioning effectively in modern society. The discipline of learning taught in school helps individuals learn new skills outside of school.

39. Conclusion Rural development has always been an important issue in all discussions related to economic development, especially of developing countries. A round 63% population of developing countries living in rural area. Rural Development is a process of bringing change among rural community from the traditional way of living to progressive way of living.

40. For the purpose of rural development government established village institutions. 1.To develop farm, home, public service and village community. 2 . To improve health, agriculture and education condition etc. 3 . To bring improvement in producing of crops and animals. 4. To improve villagers with their own efforts. 5. To provide employment for rural people. 6. To improve village communication. 7 . To improve village industries.