ROM exercises.pptx

Range of motion exercise

1. RANGE OF MOTION EXERCISES

2. Exercises is any physical activity involving muscles that elevates heart rate above resting levels.

3. Types of exercises Active-performed by the client without assistance. Eg -deep breathing,coughing exercises Foot exercises etc Passive-exercises are carried out by the nurse without assistance from the patient. Active assistive -exercises are performed by the patient with the assistance from the nurse. Aerobic – Rhythmic form of physical exercises which improve the cardiovascular fitness, improve general functional ability Isometric exercises-exercises are performed by the client by contracting or relaxing muscles while keeping the part in fixed position (lifting a weight above ground) Isotonic exercises-exercises in which opposing muscles contracts and there is a controlled movement (walking ,running) Range of motion exercises-maintain joint movement and maintain or increase flexibility.

4. Benefit of exercises Normalize the glucose tolerance Improves gait and balance Improves cardiovascular function Increases energy Promotes bone density Improves mobility Promotes weight loss Reduces BP Lowers cholesterol Improves sleep

5. RANGE OF MOTION EXERCISES GENERAL RULES Use good body mechanics Expose only body parts being exposed Support extremity being exercised Move each joint slowly, smoothly and gently Return the joint to the neutral position after the movement Do each exercises 10 times

6. TYPES OF MOVEMENTS AT VARIOUS JOINTS Abduction-moving a body part away from the midline Adduction-moving a body part toward the midline Flexion-bending a body part Extension-straightening a body part Hyperextension-excessive straightening of body part Rotation-moving in a circle at a joint -internal & external-towards body’s midline and away from the body’s midline

7. Pronation-turing a body part to face downward Supination -turning a body part to face upward Inversion-turning the feet inward so the toes are pointing towards the midline Eversion -turning the feet outward, so toes are pointing away from the midline or movement of soles laterally, so that the soles face away from each other. Dorsiflexion -bending of the foot at the ankle in the direction of the dorsum (superior surface)-standing on heels Plantar flexion-bending of the foot at the ankle joint in the direction of the plantar (inferior surface)-standing on toes Lateral flexion -Movement of a body part to the side is called  lateral flexion . This type of movement is commonly associated with the neck and spine.

8. Circumduction-moving of a body part in widening circles. it occurs as a result of continuous sequence of flexion, abduction, extension and adduction Eg -moving the humorous in circle at the shoulder joint Opposition-it is the movement of the thumb across the palm to touch finger tips on the same hand as touch thumb to each finger.

9. Types of movements in different body parts Neck- flexion, extension, hyperextension, lateral extension Shoulder- flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation, circumduction Elbow-flexion, extension Forearm- supination,pronation Wrist- flexion,extension , hyperextension,abduction,adduction Fingers- flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction

10. Thumb- flexion,extension , abduction, adduction,opposition HIP- Flexion,extension,hyperextension , adduction, internal rotation, external rotation, circumduction KNEE- Flexion,Extension Ankle- dorsal flexion, plantar flexion Foot- inversion, eversion Toes- flexion, extension, abduction, adduction