Romanesque Art

1. ROMANESQUE ARTROMANESQUE ART

2. WHAT WAS ROMANESQUE ART WHAT WAS ROMANESQUE ART
LIKE?LIKE?
Romanesque: It’s a new style of art, called Romanesque: It’s a new style of art, called
so, because it is so, because it is reminiscent of Roman reminiscent of Roman
artart
(But it has got nothing to do with Roman (But it has got nothing to do with Roman
art)art)

3. What was the romanesque art What was the romanesque art
used for?used for?
Romanesque art aimed (Romanesque art aimed (buscababuscaba) to ) to
spread (spread (propagarpropagar) religion and bring ) religion and bring
people closer to Godpeople closer to God

4. What were the main buldings?What were the main buldings?
The most representative buildings were The most representative buildings were
churcheschurches, , cathedralscathedrals, and , and
monasteriesmonasteries..
Sculptures and paintings were used to Sculptures and paintings were used to
convey (transmit) spirituality.convey (transmit) spirituality.

5. ROMANESQUE ARTROMANESQUE ART

6. ROMANESQUEROMANESQUE
From the 11th century, a new style of art From the 11th century, a new style of art
spread throughout Western Europe. It is spread throughout Western Europe. It is
known as known as RomanesqueRomanesque because it is because it is
reminiscent of Roman art. reminiscent of Roman art.
Romanesque art aimed to spread religion Romanesque art aimed to spread religion
and bring people closer to God. and bring people closer to God.

7. The use of symbols was very important. The use of symbols was very important.
Everything had a message, from the Everything had a message, from the
shape of the buildings to the materials and shape of the buildings to the materials and
motifs used. motifs used.
The artists were mostly The artists were mostly anonymous anonymous
craftsmencraftsmen. Once they had finished work . Once they had finished work
in one place they usually moved to in one place they usually moved to
another place. another place.

8.  In Architecture, the most In Architecture, the most
representative buildings were representative buildings were
churcheschurches, , cathedralscathedrals and and
monasteriesmonasteries. .
 Sculpture and painting were used to Sculpture and painting were used to
convey convey spiritualityspirituality. .

9. ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTUREROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE
The main Romanesque buildings were The main Romanesque buildings were
made of made of stonestone. At first they had flat, . At first they had flat,
wooden roofswooden roofs, but fires were frequent , but fires were frequent
and stone was safer. and stone was safer.

10. Wooden roofWooden roof

11. ROMANESQUE ELEMENTSROMANESQUE ELEMENTS
The architects used The architects used
Roman elements such Roman elements such
as as barrel vaultsbarrel vaults and and
domes. domes.

12. Barrel vaultBarrel vault

13. DomesDomes

14. The buildings had The buildings had round archesround arches and big and big
columns and pillars. The walls were very columns and pillars. The walls were very
thick. The windows were very small, and thick. The windows were very small, and
there were not many of them. They let there were not many of them. They let
little light inside. Consequently, the little light inside. Consequently, the
buildings looked very solid and compact. buildings looked very solid and compact.

15. Round archesRound arches

16. Round archesRound arches

17. PlansPlans
The plan churches were usually The plan churches were usually
cruciformcruciform, to recall the cross on which , to recall the cross on which
Jesus died: a Latin cross. Jesus died: a Latin cross.
The long arm of the cross was made up of The long arm of the cross was made up of
one or more naves finishing in an one or more naves finishing in an apseapse. .
The shorter arm is called the transept. The shorter arm is called the transept.

18. ApseApse

19. Cruciform planCruciform plan

20. Romanesque sculptureRomanesque sculpture
In the Middle Ages, art had an educational In the Middle Ages, art had an educational
and religious function. Most people could and religious function. Most people could
not read or write. Images taught them not read or write. Images taught them
about the Christian religion. The size and about the Christian religion. The size and
shape of Romanesque sculptures were shape of Romanesque sculptures were
adapted to fit into the space available. adapted to fit into the space available.
Human figures were Human figures were unrealisticunrealistic. .

22. TyphanumTyphanum

23. Is it schemathic or realistic?Is it schemathic or realistic?

24. The The sculptures were painted in bright sculptures were painted in bright
colourscolours. Today most of the colours have . Today most of the colours have
disappeared. disappeared.
The facades of the churches, specially the The facades of the churches, specially the
tymphanumstymphanums, were decorated with , were decorated with
subjects such as subjects such as Christ in GloryChrist in Glory and the and the
Last JudgementLast Judgement. .

25. TymphanumsTymphanums

26. TymphanumsTymphanums

27. Christ in Glory (into a Christ in Glory (into a
Tymphanums)Tymphanums)

28. Sculptures were painted in Sculptures were painted in
bright coloursbright colours

29. The The capitalscapitals and the and the cloisterscloisters were were
decorated with animals, plants, Biblical decorated with animals, plants, Biblical
stories, and everyday scenes. stories, and everyday scenes.
There were wooden carvings, ussually on There were wooden carvings, ussually on
the altars. Two main themes were shown: the altars. Two main themes were shown:
The Virgin and the Child and Christ on the The Virgin and the Child and Christ on the
Cross. Cross.

30. CapitalsCapitals
the upper part of a the upper part of a
columncolumn

31. Romanesque CloisterRomanesque Cloister

32. ROMANESQUE PAINTINGROMANESQUE PAINTING
The most important paintings were inside The most important paintings were inside
churches. Humans figures were churches. Humans figures were rigidrigid and and
schematic. schematic. Some were painted much Some were painted much
bigger than the rest to show their bigger than the rest to show their
importance. Bright colours were used. The importance. Bright colours were used. The
figures were outlined in black, and the figures were outlined in black, and the
eyes and hands were emphasised. There eyes and hands were emphasised. There
were no background landscapes.were no background landscapes.

33. The Virgin with the ChildThe Virgin with the Child

34. Christ in GloryChrist in Glory
It is painted on a wall

35. Mural painting was common Mural painting was common on walls,on walls,
specially in the main aspe near the altar. specially in the main aspe near the altar.
The favourite themes were The favourite themes were Christ in Christ in
GloryGlory and the and the Virgin and ChildVirgin and Child
Panel painting was used on Panel painting was used on altarsaltars and and
small small altarpiecesaltarpieces. The lives of saints and . The lives of saints and
martyrs were shown. martyrs were shown.
MiniaturesMiniatures were small paintings wich were small paintings wich
illustrated bibles and manuscripts.illustrated bibles and manuscripts.

36. MiniaturesMiniatures

37. Romanesque art in EnglandRomanesque art in England
In England, Romanesque art came from In England, Romanesque art came from
France with the France with the Norman Norman ConquestConquest in 1066 in 1066
AD AD

38. Round archRound arch
Key stone

39. PILGRIMAGE ROUTESPILGRIMAGE ROUTES

40. ROMANESQUE MONASTERY OF ROMANESQUE MONASTERY OF
CLUNNYCLUNNY

41. Monastery of ClunnyMonastery of Clunny
(It was the most important monastery in (It was the most important monastery in
Europe during the Middle AgesEurope during the Middle Ages

42. Romanesque Church Romanesque Church

43. Cathedral of Pisa (Italy)Cathedral of Pisa (Italy)

44. St.M Vezelay (France)St.M Vezelay (France)