ROSES.pptx

A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing, or trailing, with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.

1. ROSES ( Rosa ) 1

2. A  rose  is a woody perennial flowering plant  They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing, or trailing, with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.  Flowers  vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy The Rose is the national flower of the United States , the  United Kingdom  and the Maldives . INTRODUCTION 2

3. SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION Kingdom: Plantae Division Tracheophytes Class Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Order: Rosales Family: Rosaceae Subfamily: Rosoideae Tribe: Roseae Genus: Rosa Species canina 3

4. ORIGIN Most Rose species are  native to Asia smaller numbers  native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa  grown in temperate countries Kenya is by far the  most  important rose growing country 4

5. BOTANY OF ROSES 5

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7. leaves The leaves are borne alternately on the stem . the leaflets usually have a serrated margin , and often a few small prickles on the underside of the stem. Most roses are  deciduous  but a few are   evergreen or nearly so. Rose leaves 7

8. THE FLOWER The  flowers of most species have five petals , with the exception of  Rosa sericea Each   petal  is divided into two distinct lobes and is usually white or pink, though in a few species yellow or red. Beneath the petals are five sepals (or in the case of some  Rosa sericea , four).  Roses are insect-pollinated in nature. Rose flowers 8

9. THE FRUIT The  aggregate fruit  of the rose is a berry-like structure called a  rose hip . Many of the domestic  cultivars do not produce hips The hips of most species are red , but a few (e.g.  Rosa pimpinellifolia ) have dark purple to black hips. contains 5–160 seeds Rose hips of some species, especially the dog rose ( Rosa canina ) and  rugosa rose ( Rosa rugosa ), are very rich in  vitamin C Rose hip 9

10. THE STEM The sharp growths along a rose stem, though commonly called " thorns ", are technically   prickles , outgrowths of the  epidermis (the outer layer of tissue of the stem), unlike true thorns, which are modified stems. Rose Stem 10

11. ROSE SPICES Banksianae  – white and yellow flowered roses from China. Bracteatae  – three species, two from China and one from India. Caninae  – pink and white flowered species from Asia, Europe and North Africa. Carolinae  – white, pink, and bright pink flowered species all from North America. Chinensis  – white, pink, yellow, red and mixed-color roses from China and Burma. Gallicanae  – pink to crimson and striped flowered roses from western Asia and Europe. 11

12. Banksianae Bracteatae Caninae Carolinae Chinensis Gallicanae 12

13. Ecological requirement LAND Choose a well-aerated minimum of 6 hours of sunshine each day SOIL The ideal soil is deep and rich in organic material, with slightly more clay than sand. Balanced pH of about 6.5-7 promotes assimilation of minerals. 13

14. PROPAGATION METHOD The propagation of roses can be performed by different ways : - -By plant division and layering (for hardwood species ).  14

15. By grafting and propagation by cuttings  - By seeding (as for all species giving grains).  -" in vitro" propagation : a very short time , 1 to 2 months instead of 12 to 18 months with upper methods. 15

16. ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT PARTS OF CROP Flowers are the most important part of the rose palnt . 16

17. USES Ornamental plants ex: Rosa glauca Rosa rubiginosa Rosa sericea 17

18. Cut flowers ex: Hybrid Tea, Floribunda, Grandiflora , Polyantha . 18

19. Perfume Ex:  Rose oil   Rose water Food and drink Ex: jam, jelly,  marmalad Medicine Art and symbolism 19

20. Major pest and diseases 20

21. HARVESTABLE MATURITY Roses are harvested at different levels of maturity, depending on marketing and cultivar. For long-distance transport or storage , roses should usually be harvested with some of the sepals reflexed . Fast-opening roses , like some yellows and whites, should be harvested just before the sepals start to separate from the bud The cut is normally made so as to leave 2 five-foliate leaves below the cut. When stem length is an important consideration 21

22. POST HARVEST TECNOLOGY Grading and Bunching Ethylene Sensitivity Some cultivars are ethylene sensitive & Treat with 1-MCP or STS Storage Conditions Roses should be stored, dry, at 0-1°C . Packing Rose bunches are routinely sleeved in plastic, waxed paper, or soft corrugated card sleeves 22

23. SUMMERY Among the all flowers Roses (Rosa) are the most famous cut flower all over the world. Not only the flowers but also the fruit of crop is important. In Sri Lanka it is not much popular for mass cultivars. Rose is one of crop that we can develop as minor export crop in Sri Lanka considering the available facilities. 23

24. REFERENCES Harvesting and Handling Cut Flowers - UMass Extension https :// ag.umass.edu/greenhouse-floriculture/fact-sheets/harvesting-handling-cut-flowers Roses, Spray Rose, Sweetheart Rose - UC Davis Postharvest ... postharvest.ucdavis.edu › Datastores › Ornamentals_English http://postharvest.ucdavis.edu/Commodity_Resources/Fact_Sheets/Datastores/Ornamentals_English/?uid=29&ds=801 24

25. THANK YOU 25