Rural Development Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Rural Development
Rural Development Case Study
The Development Of Rural Development
Role Of Infrastructure And Rural Development
Infrastructure and Rural Development in Malaysia
Rural Development in India
RI Rural Development Loan
Rural Tourism in India
Essay about Rural Education
Infrastructure and Rural
Disadvantages Of Rural Development
The Development Of Rural Development
Rural Development Case Study

1. 2.12.1 The Importance of Community Participation It is widely accepted by the international
organization and Local NGOs that community development is a fundamental instrument in the
development process/project. Various scholars and organizations have shown the importance of
community and its participants in developing process. Some of the aspects related to the importance
of community participation in development process is following. Firstly, it empowers the
community in decision making process which directly affects their life. It also satisfied the citizens
about the communities and development at large. So it is a key to build an empowered responsible
community. Secondly, sense of ownership is created by the community participation in the
development process. It provides a sense of ownership as they think it is their own development.
This sense of ownership is not created by top down approach. Thirdly, sustainable development
continuity of development process is ensured by community participation. Basically in community
work the people are involved from planning to implementing stage. It creates mutual partnership. It
creates mutual partnership between government/donors and communities and it results in a suitable
development. True domestic...show more content...
Particularly, community involvement in education can develop the educational delivery in primary
schools. General literature search has recognized the importance of community participation in
education. helps the project to be sustainable as communities themselves learn how to approve and
correct changes resulting from the project; partnership or contribution helps to defend interest of the
people concerned; it enhances self–respect and self reliance among people, that is, they are enabled
to get and do things by themselves and they become aware of the project implementation as they
have a great store of knowledge and
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2. Advantages And Disadvantages Of Rural Development
Implementation of Rural Development Programmes in India: Impediments and Possible Solutions
"The real India lives in the villages. Unless we are able to uplift the tribals and the backward classes
India faces a dark future". –––– Swami Vivekananda Introduction
India lives in villages and its development is synonymous with the development of people living rural
areas. India is a vast and second most populous country of the world. According to 2011 census
India's population is now about 4.2 billion, its annual growth rate is about 1.64%. About 68.84 % of
the country's population lives in rural areas where their work is mainly related to agriculture and its
allied activities like animal husbandry, dairying, forestry, fishery, etc. and cottage and...show more
content...
on agriculture, stresses on food self–sufficiency and employment to the rural people as the top
priorities. Nevertheless, this food self–sufficiency is under strong constraints and handicaps,
particularly from the massive rural population growth which consequently leading to illiteracy,
ignorance, and backwardness. Besides, alarming also leading to land under cultivation is not only
diminishing but also gets further fragmented, ecology degraded, infrastructural facilities do not
match with the growth of rural population. This problem has been aggravated mainly by
demographic pressure which leads to a large number of very small fields of the country and poor
infrastructure facilities like water, electricity, transport, educational institutions, communication,
health, warehousing etc. Unless these problems are strategically attended and pragmatic efforts are
initiated, India, can't flourish its rural areas and communities. Keeping these in view, the present
paper tries to identify the impediments in implementing rural development programmes and
pragmatic efforts to overcome them for ensuring equitable and sustainable development in rural
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3. Rural Development Case Study
Case Study Of A Rural Development:
The Agrarian Reform Infrastructure Support Project (ARISP) III
[pic]
By
LEONILA TANYAG–CONRADO
2012
Table of Contents
Case Study Abstract
Introduction
Definition of Terms
Objectives
Project Beneficiaries
Analysis of the project
Development Framework
Expected Outcomes
Recommendation for Sustainability
Sources
CASE STUDY ABSTRACT:
This case details the implementation of Agrarian Reform Infrastructure Support Project (ARISP) III
in the province of Quezon 1. The vision of writer is to initially determine the effect of the on–going
implementation in the three selected sites which belong to the 5th class Municipalities in the
province. The...show more content...

4. It espouses the concept of integrated area development in agrarian reform communities wherein
basic infrastructure, organization/institutional, agricultural and enterprise development support are
combined to produce incremental growth in productivity and income among farmers.
Specifically, the Project will deliver basic support services to the presently underserved ARCs and
where possible, consolidate economic activities and organizations to cover more farmer
beneficiaries. As of December 2004, only 57% of the 1,617 ARCs have been effectively provided
with support services most of which were financed through Official Development Assistance (ODA)
due to national government budget shortage. ARISP III is designed to cover about 129 underserved
ARCs to unleash their growth potentials for agricultural production and agribusiness. It will also
support initial investments in promoting ARC connectivity by consolidating and marketing the
produce and products of a cluster of ARCs to increase value added and spread the benefits of
growth to a greater number of farmers.
In Quezon 1, the three ARCs covered by the project include ARC Bulihan in San Antonio, ARC
Carlagan in Burdeos and ARC Banadero–Libjo in Polillo, Quezon whose desired results are:
1. To increase average household income of about 700 farmer beneficiaries
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5. Sustainable Development of villages
A case example of village in Mathura district
Sunanda Kapoor1, Sher Singh Baghel2
1Associate Professor, School of Architecture and Design, Manipal University Jaipur
2Assistant Professor, School of Architecture, G.L. Bajaj Group of Institutions, Mathura
India is a country where major part of its population lives in rural area and majority of rural people
are deprived from the very basic amenities. There are approximately 900 villages in Mathura
district. These villages are not in very good condition and do not cater to the basic needs of villages
i.e. education, healthcare, employment etc. The aim of this article to demonstrate through various
developmental proposals that village can be self–contained in itself by understanding & identifying
the potential of that place. For the demonstration of sustainable development, village sameri of
Mathura district has been taken up. The main aim of this project is to upgrade built environment of
village and living conditions of villagers which include the socio–economic well–being, livable
atmosphere, educational upliftment and societal integrity of the people living in the village. It is
intended to show various stages of village development without degrading the environment. The
article is divided into three sections: familiarization with the place, identification of issues and
finally typical proposals which can also be adopted in other villages of Mathura district. The last
section of
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6. The Development Of Rural Development
Rural development can be referred to as actions and initiatives to improve the socio–economic life in
villages and non–urban neighborhoods. It involves provision of social, physical, and institutional
infrastructural facilities. Agricultural development is transforming from a traditional level to a
market oriented one. According to Okonkwor (1987), agricultural development is a process of
change not fully from the traditional and subsistence mode to more productive and commercialized
enterprises but also the transformation of the people who engage in it. Infrastructural facilities help
in transforming the economy. According to an inaugural Africa rural development forum, countries
that have developed their rural infrastructure have...show more content...
Availability of infrastructural facilities improves agricultural development, which helps to reduce
poverty. There are some international agencies that help in improving quality of lives and alleviating
poverty by providing funds and through programs. Social, physical and institutional infrastructural
facilities promote rural development, which improves socio–economic life. In sub–Saharan Africa,
about 70 per cent of the population has limited or no access to electricity hindering socioeconomic
development,. The economic development of a country depends on the quantity and quality of its
resources, the state of technology and the efficient deployment of resources in both the production
and consumption processes (Fapohunda, 1979). According to World Food Summit, roads, electricity,
supplies, telecommunications and other infrastructure services are limited in all rural areas, although
they are of key importance to stimulate agricultural investment and growth. In recent years, there
has been a belief that the differences in growth between the successful East Asian economies and
other parts of the developing world can be explained by failure to invest sufficiently in
infrastructure (Estache and Fay, 2007). These facilities can be good water supply, education, health
care and power supply. Availability of these resources will increase job opportunities and increase
income. If infrastructures are improved in a
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7. Role Of Infrastructure And Rural Development
Research Question For my dissertation, I am to examine The Role of Infrastructure and Rural
Development in Explaining the Banking–Growth Nexus in India: Evidence from State Level
Data.The relation between financial development and economic growth has been under debate for a
long time, despite there being evidences of financial and banking sector devolvement playing an
important role in economic development the evidences from within the developing economies is
rather mixed. Literature Review Economists hold different opinions regarding the role of finance in
economic growth and development. The question of whether or not financial development affects
economic activity has attracted a lot of attention in many different previous and current research.
Many different notions regarding the importance of the financial system for economic growth are
held by economists. It was argues by Bagehot (1873) and Hicks (1969) that the financial system
played a crucial role in igniting industrialization in England by facilitating the mobilization of capital
for 'immense works', this argument was also supported by Levine (1997) when he says that "the
industrial revolution had to wait for the financial revolution." Schumpeter (1912) emphasis on the
fact that well–functioning bank can lead to technological innovation by identifying and funding
those entrepreneurs who can be successful in implementing new production processes and
innovative products. In the recent past, endogenous growth
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8. Infrastructure and Rural Development in Malaysia
INFRASTRUCTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA
Introduction
1. Malaysia has achieved substantial success in its rural development, especially in reducing the
incidence of poverty in both rural and urban. In the process, the rural areas have been developed with
infrastructures, utility, social amenities, health and school facilities and etc to support the economic
development of the country as well as increasing the quality of life of her populace. The productivity
and incomes of the rural people, or more specifically the agriculture sector, the mainstay of the rural
economy, have steadily increased. Rural development continues to be one of the main focus of the
Malaysian
Government under the 9 th Malaysia Plan (2006 – 1010).
2....show more content...
Threat of communist terrorist in the 50's, asked for opening up of the rural area (including 4 new
villages for relocation), as well as their infrastructure and because of that, priority was given for the
purpose of the security.
6. The Malaysian Government built on the initial stock of infrastructure, expanding and modernising
infrastructure facilities and at the same time addressing the infrastructure inadequacies of the less
developed regions of the country. Because of the importance of infrastructure for economic
development and for alleviating poverty, the
Government of Malaysia continues to give the highest priority to infrastructure development. The
Malaysian Government has continuously allocated a substantial amount of the development budget
for infrastructure, rural development and poverty eradication programmes. 7. Massive investments
for the development and modernisation of infrastructure facilities and rural development were
clearly required not only to cope with the demands of a rapidly expanding economy but also to
ensure that the country's competitiveness in global markets was not compromised for lack of good
quality infrastructure.
8. Despite the effort of the part of the Government to develop the rural areas, two factors have to be
considered that have an important influence on
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9. Abstract: Entrepreneur is fundamental drive for the development of the economy in India. Rural
Entrepreneurship plays a fundamental in the improvement of a nation. Provincial business
visionaries now a day's confronting part of difficulties and chances to run and build up their
business, this review dissect the real open door for the rustic business person who relocate from
country zones or semi – urban regions to Urban regions and business visionaries confronting
numerous issues due to not accessibility of essential luxuries like monetary quality, motivational
variables, absence of instruction , lacking specialized issues, showcasing support in country ranges
of creating nation like India. The present paper concentrates on circumstances and difficulties of
rustic enterprise...show more content...
Rural business people in cutting edge countries are perceived and are more unmistakable in the
business world. However, in India country business visionaries are confronting some real
imperatives like Lack of certainty destitution to contend their life. The real boundaries like Socio
social, Market–arranged dangers Motivational components, Knowledge in dealing with the business,
Awareness about the budgetary help, Having Exposure in going to preparing programs recognizing
the fundamental accessible assets and so on. The review manages different parts of rustic
improvement, for example, business, rural advancement, social advancement, Therefore, while
talking about on the strengthening of provincial business people ranges are at last set apart by
neediness and backwardness. In such a circumstance, rustic industrialization is seen as compelling
methods for quickening the procedure of provincial advancement by engaging the provincial
business people in the nation. The present review accordingly, goes for examining the issues and
difficulties of provincial business visionaries in Krishnagiri
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10. Rural Development in India
Rural Development In India
India has been a welfare state ever since her Independence and the primary objective of all
governmental endeavors has been the welfare of its millions. Planning has been one of the pillars of
the Indian policy since independence and the country's strength is derived from the achievement of
planning. The policies and programmes have been designed with the aim of alleviation of rural
poverty which has been one of the primary objectives of planned development in India. It was
realized that a sustainable strategy of poverty alleviation has to be based on increasing the productive
employment opportunities in the process of growth itself. Elimination of poverty, ignorance,
diseases and inequality of...show more content...
These are health education drinking water, housing and roads. To impart greater momentum to the
efforts in these sectors the Government had launched the Pradhan Mantri Gramdoya Yojana
(PMGY) and the ministry of rural development was entrusted with the responsibility of
implementing drinking water, housing and rural roads component of PMGY During the Ninth Plan
period, several anti–poverty Programmes have been restructured to enhance the efficiency of the
Programmes for providing increased benefits to the rural poor. Self Employment Programmes have
been revamped by merging the Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP), the Development
of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA), the Supply of Improved Tool–Kits to Rural
Artisans (SITRA), the Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment (TRYSEM), the Ganga Kalyan
Yojana (GKY) and the Million Wells Scheme (MWS) into a holistic self–employment scheme called
Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY). Keeping in view the needs and aspirations of the
local people, Panchayati Raj Institutions have been involved in the programme implementation and
these institutions constitute the core of decentralized development of planning and its
implementations. The Ministry is also vigorously pursuing with the State Governments for
expeditious devolution of requisite administrative and financial powers to PRI's as envisaged under
73rd amendment act of the
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11. Urban bias has been presented as a major impediment to rural development because it perpetrates
discriminatory policies which create and perpetuate disparities between urban and rural areas and
consequently the development of urban areas at the expense of rural areas. This paper examines
how urban bias, to a large extent, is the major impediment to rural development owing to its skewed
policies and to down development approaches.
Urban bias proponents, chief among them Lipton (1977), argue that many underdeveloped nations
implement investment, tax, pricing, and other policies which disproportionately favour urban areas
at the expense of rural areas. The state enacts such policies because of pressure from elitist
urban–based groups such...show more content...
Notwithstanding, other causes of rural underdevelopment may be cited, such as unemployment and
low income levels (Francis, 2000). Income and employment are closely linked and have a
pronounced influence on poverty and development in general. Wage–related income is one of the
main determinants of rural poverty and underdevelopment. Wage income affords people the ability
to purchase necessities such as safe housing and sufficient healthy food (Francis, 2000). Higher
income status generally results in more control and discretion over basic needs. Higher wages result
in an increased ability to cover the costs of not only basic needs but also items of higher quality and
non–basic items such as higher education, specialized healthcare (Woodward, 1996).
Sociocultural factors also play a crucial role in promoting or impeding development. Factors such as
values and traditions that either encourage or discourage social and economic mobility, innovation
and entrepreneurship, also constitute a causal factor of rural underdevelopment (McLaughlin, 1986).
Barro (2000) found that some rural community leaders deliberately retard local economic
development to maintain their position of power and promote the well–being of those aligned with
them. The sociocultural approach blames the victims for their predicament and not their urban
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12. RI Rural Development Loan
What is the RI Rural Development Loan? A rural development loan is a great option for families
looking to purchase a home in Rhode Island. However, there are several items and regulations to
consider when choosing this type of loan. There are currently two types of RI rural development
loans to consider. The first is a USDA Guaranteed Rural Development Loan. This is the most
popular option available. It allows for higher income limits as well as 100% financing. The terms
for this loan are for 30 years and the rate is fixed. The second option is called a USDA Direct
Housing Loan and is less common. This loan is only available for households with low and very
low incomes. To qualify for this loan, household income must be 50% lower than the
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13. Rural Tourism in India
Rural Tourism and Rural Development.
Introduction:
Rural tourism in India:
Prospects for rural tourism in India:
Role in Rural development:
Conclusion:
Introduction: Indians believe in holidays: The country has among the largest number of public
holidays in the world. Yet the most common reason for getting away is to "visit a native place."
Migrant workers return to their family farms at harvest time. Others return to their villages for an
annual pilgrimage. The concept of a holiday where you let your hair down and relax has been
accepted only in recent years. (2) As India is Considered as "Land of Villages" world wide, it
villages which showcase India, Villagers in India manifest a deep loyalty to their village, identifying
...show more content...
The complex and highly competitive native of the current global economic situation demands a high
degree of efficiency. This in turn requires the application of advanced technology, the improvement
of managerial ability, and professionalism in the management of both agribusiness and rural tourism.
Appropriate technology, business information and promotion, and a sound marketing strategy all
have all become important components. Although, rural tourism is a new concept in India but in
Europe and other parts of the world it has been practiced since long as people want their children to
have first hand knowledge and experience of rural life. Countries having agriculture economy e.g.
Australia, Canada and the USA have Housing tourist spots in country side. Rural tourism may
include heritage tourism, Farm tourism, pilgrim tourism, adventure tourism, nature tourism or
folkways and ancient culture tourism. Specific potential areas for rural tourism is India may be
Gujrat, backwater of Keral, The Pubjabi cuisine, The Hills of U.P., Shanti Niketan in West Bangal,
dances and Folk songs of Orissa, The Nithyagram of Karnataka, The tribals of Bihar, Natural
beauty of Meghalaya, folk dances of Andhra Pradesh, Teej festival of Rajstan, mask dances of
Sikkim, the Holi of Nandagaon Barsana. Crafts and Culture of the Indian villages not only helps the
tourism industry but also
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14. Essay about Rural Education
Rural Education
Where a child grows up and which high school they attend greatly affects further education and
employment. Higher education, including college and vocational schooling, factors into
employment opportunity. Research has shown that schools in rural areas have far less resources for
students interested in attending college, providing less opportunity for students pursuing higher
education. Wilsonville High School, located the city of Wilsonville just south of Portland, Oregon,
represents a typical urban high school in an upper–middleclass city. In contrast, CottageGrove High
School, located in the small rural town of Cottage Grove, southwest of Eugene, Oregon supports a
much lower income community. Both schools differ...show more content...
In the State of Oregon, a family of four must make $30,800 or less annually to qualify for reduced
meals, while the same family earning $21,700 or less annually would qualify for free meals.
Cottage Grove High School has far more students eligible for free or reduced meals (44%) than
Wilsonville High School (12%). The percentage of students eligible for free or reduced meals at
Wilsonville High School is slightly higher than the district average of 10.5 percent, but much lower
than Clackamas county (at 25.9%), which includes much of the Portland metropolitan area. The
number of students eligible for free or reduced meals at Cottage Grove High School, however, is
lower than the district average of 53.7 percent and slightly higher than Lane County's 39 percent.
The free and reduced statistics are reinforced by poverty levels: 17 percent of Cottage Grove
families earn wages under the poverty level, surpassing the state average by 33 percent. Comparing
the students at both high schools clearly determines that on average, students at Wilsonville high
school come from families than earn higher incomes than students at Cottage Grove High School.
Testing: Standardized and SAT
Oregon requires students statewide in grades 3, 5, 8, and 10 to participate in testing in the areas of
math, reading, and writing. The tests provide a
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15. Infrastructure and Rural
Introduction Infrastructures are basic essential services that should be put in place to enable
development to occur. Socio–economic development can be facilitated and accelerated by the
presence of social and economic infrastructures. If these facilities and services are not in place,
development will be very difficult and in fact can be likened to a very scarce commodity that can
only be secured at a very high price and cost. Nigeria Public spending have been geared towards the
provision of infrastructures and social services such as schools, hospitals, electricity, water supply
etc, while economic activities such as deliberately establishing manufacturing and processing
industries...show more content...
Justifying the functional superiority of theories as guide post in all field of human endeavour,
Onah(2003) argued that rather than base actions on judgment derived from guesswork or
speculations, theories enables a chosen line of action to be anchored in and guided by evidence
derived from specific scientific research which makes the consequences of such action fall in line
with the intended direction as possible. In this paper, we anchor the effects of infrastructure on urban
/rural development in the work of John Maynard Keynes, etc, before taking a look on selected
sectors. One of the first systematic attempts to link infrastructure indirectly to poverty reduction was
made by John Maynard Keynes in 1936. In The General Theory of Employment Interest and Money,
Keynes argues that in an economy characterized by depression and market failure, high public
expenditure is necessary to adjust the economy back to high levels of employment. This implies that
high public investment in social and economic infrastructure would increase national income,
employment and the welfare of people. This theory could be of practical importance in developing
countries where the bulk of investment in infrastructure is owned and financed by government, and
market mechanisms do not function properly. In these countries almost 70 per cent of infrastructure
investments are
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16. Disadvantages Of Rural Development
There is a lot of construction work have been carried out in the city. But the development of
construction works in rural areas also increased. This is to explore the rural area which has
potential or ability to become an attraction of our country. There are many advantages in rural
development some of them are increasing in literacy rate, improve in transportation and road facility,
water problems are solved, better improvement in power supply and also improving to live a better
life. http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_of_rural_development One of the
advantages in rural development is literacy rate is increasing in rural areas. The literacy rate of
people in rural areas is poor if compare to the people who live in city. This is because there is less
educational introduce in the rural areas. The rural areas are lack of educational because they do not
have enough resources to construct educational building such as school. The children in rural areas
should study to gain knowledge and get use of it. So, the advantage of rural development to the
population is the literacy rate increase among the people in rural areas. When there is implementing
of construction project, the most important building which must be constructed is school. This is to
give convenient to the people to study and...show more content...
This is because some of the rural place still do not have roadway. They still using boat as their
transport and their only excess is river. So, if implement the development in rural area, the
transportation and road facility can be improved. For example, if there is a roadway, the people can
use the motorcycle and car as their daily transportation. It is more convenient, easy and safer than
using boat. In short, development of the transportation and road facility in rural area is important
and simultaneously provide the advantages to the people who live in rural
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17. The Development Of Rural Development
3.2 Rural Development
According to Oyeleye, D.A.(1987) he defines rural development as process in which development in
social infrastructures such as better roads, water supply, electricity, schools and hospitals spreads out
from the urban centres or communities and moves into the rural villages and communities.
Abumere S.I. (2002) stated that if ruraldevelopment is defined as a means to help improve the
physical, cultural, social and economic status or life of the rural people then that means that
infrastructures such as roads, clean water, electricity, telecommunication and other facilities must be
carefully planned and delivered to the rural people in a consistent manner. It doesn't matter whether
these infrastructures are built from the urban centres and move into the rural areas or vice versa. The
delivery mechanisms must be very consistent.
Inorder for any country to develope and progress both socially and economically, it must have the
necessary infrastructures that are needed to facilitate such development, in both urban and rural
areas of the country.
However studies have shown that in most developing countries, rural areas/villages are mostly
neglected therefore these rural areas don't have these basic infrastructures that are needed for
development. Therefore there is a huge demand for building infrastructures into rural areas.
That is very true for Papua New Guinea where the bulks of the population live in the rural areas. The
Gena villagers are one of the
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18. Rural Development Case Study
Case Study Of A Rural Development:
The Agrarian Reform Infrastructure Support Project (ARISP) III
[pic]
By
LEONILA TANYAG–CONRADO
2012
Table of Contents
Case Study Abstract
Introduction
Definition of Terms
Objectives
Project Beneficiaries
Analysis of the project
Development Framework
Expected Outcomes
Recommendation for Sustainability
Sources
CASE STUDY ABSTRACT:
This case details the implementation of Agrarian Reform Infrastructure Support Project (ARISP) III
in the province of Quezon 1. The vision of writer is to initially determine the effect of the on–going
implementation in the...show more content...
It also includes the replication of Agrarian Information and Marketing Center (AIM–C),when and

19. where feasible, to provide marketing assistance, information service, training and financing services
to the ARBs.
DEFINITION OF TERMS:
Agrarian reform is defined to mean the redistribution of lands, regardless of crops or fruits
produced, to farmers and regular farm workers who are landless, irrespective of tenurial
arrangement, to include the totally of factors and support services designed to lift the economic
status of the beneficiaries and all other arrangements alternative to the physical redistribution of
lands, such as production or profit sharing, labor administration, and the distribution of shares of
stocks, which will allow beneficiaries to receive a just share of the fruits of the lands they work.
ARC Connectivity – is a new strategy wherein development in the ARCs will radiate to non–ARC
barangays that will benefit more ARBs and communities. Each barangay will complement the
development concept of the cluster barangays which is conceived to undertake agro industrial
development endeavor focusing on production, processing, and marketing of products where they
have competitive advantage.
AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITY (ARC) DEVELOPMENT – is an area focused intervention
designed to propel and sustain national growth through a people centered, concentrated, holistic
approach in community development.
Economic freedom is a term used in economics which
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