Rutin

Rutin : flavanoid glycoside comes from Ruta Graveolons

1. RUTIN Submitted By -Samridhi Rawat 17SMAS102043

2. Rutin is also called rutoside,quercetin-3-O- rutinoside and sophorin. It is a citrus flavonoid glycoside which is a low molecular weight polyphenolic compound. OCCURRENCE Rutin is one of the phenolic compounds found in the invasive plant species Carpobrotus edulis and contribute to the anti bacterial and antioxidant properties of the plant . Its name comes from thae name Ruta graveolens , a plant that also contain rutin.

3. PROPERTIES It occurs as yellow crystalline powder. Soluble in alkali but only slightly soluble in water. On hydrolysis yield quervetin, rhamnose and glucose. On hdrolysis yield hesperetin ,rhamnose and glucose. It decrease capillary fragility and are therefore employed in cases of hypertension and radiation injuries. rutin is dextrotatory in neutral and acidic solvent and levorotatory in alkaline solvents.

4. extraction and isolation Rutin extracted from 5 g of the powder seeds, leaves and 1 g from the powder callus by Soxhlet apparatuswith 250 ml of 80% ethanol till exhaustion. The extract was filtered and concentrated by evaporation under vacuum to about 10ml then mixed with 25 ml distilled water, and extracted with petroleum ether (50ml x 3), then with chloroform (50 ml x 3). After extraction, the aqueous layer was collected and left to stand in a cold place for 72 hours; a yellow precipitate separated out of the solution. The precipitate was filtered and washed with a mixture of chloroform : ethylacetate : ethanol (50:25:25). The un-dissolved part of the precipitate was dissolved in hot methanol and filtered, the filtrate was evaporated to dryness to give yellow powder rutin.

5. EXTRACTION

6. IDENTIFICATION Identification of isolated rutin by IR spectrum: Put drops of plant extracts for each sample in a cell Infrared spectrum device(IR) and recorded graphs sites the main functional groups of the compound rutin which included site group a alcoholic(-OH)group,phenolic(-OH) group, alken(C=C), the isomeric and nonisomeric ether(C-O-C), carbonyl(C=O) group and (C-H) aliphatic and aromatic stretching group.

7. FUNCTIONS There are various physiological functions of rutin and related flavonoids in the human body and other species, including plants. Rutin is one of the best natural antioxidants in the known natural class. Rutin is synthesized in higher plants, and it was found in various fruits and fruit rinds, especially citrus fruits and berries such as Ruta graveolens and Morus alba . Rutin is also called vitamin P, which is widely distributed in vegetables, fruits, and medicinal herbs such as asparagus and buckwheat. Further, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is considered to be one of the best dietary sources of rutin. Rutin has various pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antitumor, antiinflammatory, antiallergic, antiviral, cytoprotective, vasoactive, hypolipidaemic, antiplatelet, antispasmodic, and antihypertensive. Rutin is used in food in different forms such as colorant, antioxidant, preservative, stabilizer, and UV absorbent. It is also used as an active component in various herbal medicines, multivitamin preparations, the cosmetic and chemical industries, and in animal feed.