S.HARISHKUMAR 22164107 production Technology of Sapota.pptx

The term sapota or sapodilla probably is most commonly used for the vernacular name of Manilkara zapota L. A number of other fruits, however, are carelessly or inadvertently called sapotes though of entirely different families. Hence we have the Sapodilla or sapota. Manilkara zapota or Achras sapota...

The term sapota or sapodilla probably is most commonly used for the vernacular name of Manilkara zapota L. A number of other fruits, however, are carelessly or inadvertently called sapotes though of entirely different families. Hence we have the Sapodilla or sapota. Manilkara zapota or Achras sapota L. (family Sapotaceae) White sapote, Casimiroa edulis (family Rutaceae) Black sapote, Diospyros ebenaster L family Ebenaceae) Green sapote, Calocarpum viridii (family Sapotaceae) Yellow sapote, Lúcuma salicifolia (family Sapotaceae) Sapote, Calocarpum memmosum (family Sapotaceae) The sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) and sapote (Calocarpum mammosum, are frequently confused in their nomenclature and usageIt discusses the botany, importance, climate and soil requirements, species and cultivars, propagation, planting, training, harvesting, pests and diseases of Sapota. Key points include that Sapota is native to tropical America, has long pre-bearing age, and its edible portion is the mesocarp. Commercial yields can be obtained from 7th year onwards, with an average yield of 15-20 ton/ha. Pests include leaf webber and hairy caterpillars, while diseases include leaf spot and base rot. commercially cultivated arieties are (Click on the variety name to see the detailed information)
CO1, CO 2, CO.3, PKM 1 ,PKM 2 ,PKM 3, PKM-4 , PKM (sa)-5 , Kallipatti, Cricket Ball, Pala, Guthi, Kirtibarathi and Oval.
Soil and climate
It is a tropical crop and can be grown up to an altitude of 1000 metres. It can be grown in all types of soils.
Planting materials
Sapota can be propagated by approach grafting. Grafting can be done on Manilkhara hexandra (Pala) rootstock.

Season of planting
The ideal season of planting is June to December.

Spacing
8 x 8 m (156 plants/ha) for conventional planting.
Adopt high density planting at 8 x 4 m (312 plants / ha) for high productivity

DSC02231 SAPOTA APPROACH GRAFTING
Planting
Dig pits of 1 m x 1 m x 1 m size and fill up with top soil mixed with 10 Kg of FYM, 1 Kg of neem cake . Plant the grafts at the centre of the pit with ball of earth intact. The graft joint must be atleast 15 cm above the ground level. After planting stake the plants properly to avoid bending or damage to graft joint during heavy winds.

Irrigation
Irrigate copiously immediately after planting and on the third day and once in 10 days afterwards till the graft establishes.



Approach grafting
Manures and fertilizers (Kg/tree)

Manures and Fertilizers
1 year old Annual increase 6th year onwards
FYM 10.000 10.000 50.000
N 0.200 0.200 1.000
P 0.200 0.200 1.000
K 0.300 0.300 1.500
Manures and fertilizers may be applied in September-October at 45 cm away from the trunk upto the leaf drip and incorporated.

After cultivation
For higher productivity remove the rootstock sprouts, water shoots, criss-cross and lower branches.
Intercropping
Legumes and short duration vegetable crops may be raised as intercrop during pre-bearing stage.