safe injection practice as per NABH.pptx

safe injection practices for nursing officer towards the patient care . they should maintain the patient safety goals

1. Safe Injection Practices DR.ANJALATCHI MUTHUKUMARAN NURSING SUPERINTENDENT ELMCH , ERA UNIVERSITY

2. Why need injection safety practice ?

3. What is safe injection practices ? Safe injection practices are intended to prevent transmission of infectious diseases between one patient and another, or between a patient and health care personnel (HCP ) during preparation and injection of medications. HCP most frequently handle parenteral medications when administering local anesthesia, during which needles and anesthetic cartridges are used for one patient only, and the special procedure cartridge syringe is cleaned and heat-sterilized between patients. Other safe practices apply to use of injected medications in IV fluids, such as for patients undergoing conscious sedation. A safe injection does not harm the recipient and does not expose HCP to any avoidable risks. Because of reports of transmission of infectious diseases by inappropriate handling of injectable medications, CDC now considers safe injection practices to be a formal element of Standard Precautions.

4. Definition of safe injection practices As defined by the World Health Organization, a safe injection does not harm the recipient, does not expose the provider to any avoidable risks and does not result in waste that is dangerous for the community.

5. Steps of safe injection practices STEP 1: Clean work space. STEP 2: Hand hygiene. STEP 3: Sterile and new syringe and needle, with re-use prevention and/or injury protection feature whenever possible. STEP 4: Sterile vial of medication and diluent . STEP 5: Skin disinfection. STEP 6: Appropriate collection of sharps. STEP 7: Appropriate waste management. By following these simple steps, you take key actions to ensure the risks of unsafe injections are avoided.

6. Hand washing steps s

7. GUIDELINES FOR INJECTION SAFETY The specific guidelines for injection safety from the CDC are: Follow proper infection control practices and maintain aseptic technique during the preparation and administration of injected medications. Never administer medications from the same syringe to more than one patient, even if the needle is changed or you are injecting through an intervening length of IV tubing. Never enter a vial with a used syringe or needle. Do not use medications packaged as single-dose or single-use for more than one patient. Do not use bags of intravenous solution as a common source of supply for more than one patient. Limit the use of multi-dose vials and dedicate them to a single patient whenever possible. Do not keep multidose vials in the immediate patient treatment area. Medications should be prepared in an area that is free from contamination on a clean work surface. Outbreaks have been linked to preparing medications in areas contaminated with blood or body fluids as well as in the same area that (used) syringes are disassembled. Always use facemasks when injecting material or inserting a catheter into the epidural or subdural space.

8. The Golden Rules of Injection Technique Golden Rule #1: Always inject into the healthy fatty layer under your skin 1 olden Rule #2: 4mm pen needles, inserted at 90 degrees are recommended for all adults and children 1 * Golden Rule #3: Inject diabetes medication into areas on the abdomen, thighs, and buttocks 1

9. Continued Golden Rule #4 Check injection sites for lumps and bumps 1 Golden Rules #5 Rotate injection sites properly 1

10. CDC guidelines Do’s injection practices Prepare injections using aseptic technique in a clean area. Disinfect the rubber septum on a medication vial with alcohol before piercing. Do not use needles or syringes for more than one patient (this includes manufactured prefilled syringes and other devices such as insulin pens). Medication containers (single and multidose vials, ampules , and bags) are entered with a new needle and new syringe, even when withdrawing additional doses for the same patient. Use single-dose vials for parenteral medications when possible.

11. Don’t use injection practice Do not use single-dose (single-use) medication vials, ampules , and bags or bottles of intravenous solution for more than one patient. Do not combine the leftover contents of single-use vials for later use . Do not use fluid infusion or administration sets (e.g., IV bags, tubings , connections) for more than one patient.

12. The following apply if multidose vials are used: Dedicate multidose vials to a single patient whenever possible. If multidose vials will be used for more than one patient, they should be restricted to a centralized medication area and should not enter the immediate patient treatment area (e.g., dental operatory) to prevent inadvertent contamination. If a multidose vial enters the immediate patient treatment area, it should be dedicated for single-patient use and discarded immediately after use. Date multidose vials when first opened and discard within 28 days, unless the manufacturer specifies a different date.

13. ACTIONS THAT HELP PREVENT UNSAFE INJECTION PRACTICES: Quality Dept, Infection Prevention Dept, Risk Management Dept: Periodically observe injection practices by all healthcare personnel responsible for medication preparation and administration throughout the facility. Hospitals and Ambulatory Surgery Centers can use the CMS infection control checklist to conduct direct observations. To guide observations in other types of ambulatory settings, use the CDC’s  Guide to Infection Prevention for Outpatient Settings: Minimum Expectations for Safe Care .

14. Contineud All healthcare personnel should receive regular education and training regarding safe injection practices. To assist with education efforts, the CDC’s One and Only Campaign offers videos such as  Safe Injection Practices for Healthcare Providers.   The CDC also offers print materials and posters for various settings such as  Injection Safety Reminders for Oncology Clinics . Education is particularly important considering the research that has shown the many misconceptions held by healthcare personnel in relation to injection safety. Consider tailoring the education to the setting and the most frequently observed missteps at your facility. Adults are eager learners if they perceive education to be valuable in their work.

15. Continued Lastly, look at the various medication preparation areas throughout your facility. Don’t assume that only the designated, official med prep areas are always used to prepare medications. Critically assess the med prep area to ensure it isn’t adjacent to any potential source contamination, within 3 feet of a sink, or in a cluttered environment. The previously mentioned references contain this type of information as well. NOTE: If you are a staff member in a clinical area (rather than one of the previously mentioned departments), look at the med prep environment and practice in your area. The tools mentioned earlier are still helpful in focusing on observations. Work with your educator or your manager to determine the best method and best information to provide to staff and providers in your area. The results of your observations can help guide education.

16. Conclusion Unsafe injection practices are no joke! Poor practices have harmed patients and even led to patient deaths. Be proactive and assess injection practices now!

17. Injection safety checklist

18. References CDC . Basic Expectations for Safe Care Training Module 6 – Safe Injection Practices. Available at:  https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/infectioncontrol/safe-care-modules.htm . Accessed May 8, 2018. CDC. Summary of Infection Prevention Practices in Dental Settings: Basic Expectations for Safe Care. Available at:  https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/infectioncontrol/pdf/safe-care2.pdf  pdf icon[PDF – 834 KB] . Accessed March 31, 2016. CDC. Guidelines for infection control in dental health-care settings – 2003.  MMWR  2003; 52(No. RR-17):1–66. Available at:  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5217.pdf  pdf icon[PDF-1M] . Accessed March 18, 2016. CDC. Injection Safety. Available at:  https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/providers/provider_faqs_general.html . Accessed March 18, 2016.