Safety in construction

PPT on Safety in Construction

1. BY SUDHANWA PATHAK TE CIVIL ROLL No. 27 PROJECT GUIDE: PROF DHULE J.J TRINITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION A SEMINAR ON

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION WHAT IS SAFETY WHY IS THERE AN ISSUE OF SAFETY ACCIDENTS CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS EFFECTS OF ACCIDENT WAYS TO ENSURE SAFETY PPE & SAFETY SIGNS INDIAN STANDARDS FOR SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION

3. INTRODUCTION The civil engineering industry is one of the biggest industry in modern times. It is also an industry where extensive use of labour is required, and where such large amount of human labour is involved a matter of safety arises . In India safety in construction is not a serious issue and is neglected quite often. For proper development and growth of economy, apart from rapid industrialization, a stable and productive work force is a must. To build a productive work force it is essential that managements strive to meet the worker’s social psychological and welfare needs and take steps to humanize work and work environment.

4. WHAT IS SAFETY? Safety is a difficult term to define due to the inter-relatedness of several factors. Very often, safety is adjudged in terms of an inverse relationship with accident rate. High rate means low safety and vice versa . Theoretically, safety would mean the absence of danger at work which is made possible by eliminating hazards that create the danger. A more practical definition would be “ A thing is provisionally categorized as safe if its risks are deemed known and, in the light of knowledge judged to be acceptable ”. Safety can also be defined as “ the condition of enterprise operations in which , by controlling hazards, accident free production is achieved.”

5. WHY DOES THE ISSUE OF SAFETY ARISES?? DUE TO FREQUENT ACCIDENTS THERE IS A LOSS OF LABOUR MONEY TIME MATERIAL DUE TO ACCIDENTS THERE IS ALSO A LOSS OF REPUTATION OF THE BUILDER

6. ACCIDENTS Accidents are readily recognized when there is a damage to properties and someone is injured. Generally an accident is defined as “ an event which is unexpected or the cause of which is unforeseen” or it can also be defined as “ any occurrence that interrupts or the cause of which is unforeseen.” However, it is not always easy to determine to what extent the accidents are the direct result of the working environment only. There may be lack of proper S afety equipment at work sites. Long working hours may cause fatigue. Improper living conditions Improper working conditions

7. It is for these reasons that very often safety, occupational health, working conditions and welfare are bracketed together foe evolving measures of accident control as well as of promoting safety It may be underlined that in construction the concern for safety is for both persons and property structures. The risk of accidents is present in all everyday activities and it is not fair to pretend that a work site can be entirely free from accidents. However, am more practical way is to consider a construction site safe when persons can go about their normal work without undue risk.

8. CAUSES OF ACCIDENT

9. HUMAN CAUSES LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LACK OF INTEREST IN WORK OTHER PERSONAL FACTORS LACK OF SKILL CARELESSNESS IN SUPERVISION

10. FAULTY WORKING PRACTISES SUBSTANDARD USE OF MATERIALS STRIKING AGAINST OBJECTS NO USE OF PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS NO SITE LAYOUT IMPROPER STORAGE OF MATERIAL

11. STRUCTURAL FAILURES FAILURE OF FOUNDATION FAULTY DESIGN NATURAL CALAMITIES.

12. EFFECTS OF ACCIDENTS LOSS OF LIFE LOSS OF TIME ESCALATION OF PROJECT COST

13. WAYS TO ENSURE SAFETY ROLE OF DESIGNER SAFETY PROGRAMME APPOINTMENT OF SAFETY OFFICER PROVISION OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS (PPE) There are many ways to ensure that proper safety is provided on the site, here are given some of the ways to see how we can provide safety on the site.

14. ROLE OF DESIGNER In the development of a project, a significant role is played initially by the designer of the project and then by the constructor of the project. Construction worker safety has often been regarded the sole responsibility of the construction contractor. Despite the obvious reasons for placing the primary responsibility on the contractor, the safety performance on a project may well be dictated to a large extent by decisions made by the designer. The designer while design the building may design it in such a manner that it becomes easy and safe for the construction of the higher part of the structures.

15. SAFETY PROGRAMME Most of the accidents that take place are mostly due to the lack of knowledge and skill of the workers and the supervisor. This can be improved by holding a safety training camps for the whole site staff and workers. Specially trained personnel should be hired to hold safety camps. Whenever recruiting a new worker their experience should be checked and adequate knowledge of the work should be given to them. Keep a record of all the accidents that took place

16. SAFETY OFFICER A safety officer should be specially appointed to take care of all the safety related issues of the construction site. Appointing such an officer helps in keeping the health and safety of the staff under close watch.

17. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS (PPE) The personal protective equipments are the most basic front of protection and safety for the workers. There are various PPE according to the type of work, but the few basic PPE are: PPE for head protection PPE for eye protection PPE for ear protection PPE for hand PPE for work on higher floors Respirators

18. INDIAN STANDARDS FOR SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION The codes are given in the link above SP 70 -2001 is a handbook which gives us information about the safety requirements.

19. CONCLUSION Safety is very important in the civil engineering industry but the safety scenario in the construction industry, especially in India is very poor, which results in lot’s of casualties which hampers the normal working of the project. A safe working environment can be very easily achieved by the proper interaction of the contractor, designer and the laborers. Also the constitution can also play its part in maintaining the proper habitable conditions for the workers and ensuring the safety by being strict on those who do not follow rules and penalizing accordingly. Unless all these factors do not work together the accidents will keep occurring and the safety will be compromised.

20. REFERNCES BOOKS: N.S Mujumdar and Mrs. S.V. Pataskar “Project management and Engineering Economics” Nirali publication ,2013, page no. 4.3-4.35 “Construction Safety Management” NICMAR publication, March 2010 SP 70 RESEARCH PAPERS: Jimmie Hinze and Francis Wiegand “ROLE OF DESIGNERS IN CONSTRUCTION WORKER SAFETY” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 118, No. 4, December, 1992. Nabil A. Kartam “INTEGRATING SAFETY AND HEALTH PERFORMANCEINTO CONSTRUCTION” Jouranl of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 123, No.2,June, 1997. WEBSITES: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_protective_equipment http://www.engineeringcivil.com/what-are-the-is-codes-used-for-construction-management.html http://www.bis.org.in/ http://www.google.co.in/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi

21. THANK YOU !