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1. Presented By: DARUL JALAL KHYRUL MIHRAJ: (MUS20EE004) MUHAMMED SHAN M S: (MUS20EE011) BANAZEER H: (MUS20EE002) SALMAN S: (SHM20EE001) Project Presentation Phase -1 Guided By: MS. ARUNIMA V Assistant professor Dept Of EEE MACE IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers

2. CONTENTS Introduction Literature Review Problem statement Aim Proposed system Summary Dept Of EEE 2

3. This introduces an IoT-based system for monitoring and safeguarding distribution transformers, with a particular emphasis on Pole Mounted Transformers (PMTs). It aims to provide overload protection, voltage monitoring, oil level monitoring, and temperature/humidity monitoring. It includes a comprehensive literature review, outlines the system model and specifications, presents simulation and hardware validation results, and concludes by discussing the potential advantages of employing IoT technology in transformer monitoring and protection systems. ABSTRACT Dept Of EEE 3

4. Towns are expanding, leading to increased power demand. Distribution transformers are vital for delivering power to consumers. Maintaining transformers is essential for a stable power supply. Proposed solution integrates IoT technology for monitoring and protection. G oals include overload protection, voltage monitoring, and more. The system aims to enhance transformer efficiency and reliability. Remote monitoring capabilities enable timely interventions and maintenance. 1. INTRODUCTION Dept Of EEE 4

5. LITERATURE REVIEW Dept Of EEE Si No Title Authors Name Of Publisher, Journal And Year Contribution/ Methodogoly Of Paper Gaps in Literature / Problems identified from the paper / Future research scope 1 IoT : A survey L. Atzori Computer networks , Oct 2010 The paper offers a systematic survey of IoT technologies, covering various domains, applications, and challenges, providing valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in the field. Literature lacks a comprehensive review focusing on emerging IoT applications in specific sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, and transportation, which could provide insights into domain-specific challenges and opportunities. IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers 5

6. LITERATURE REVIEW Dept Of EEE Si No Title Authors Name Of Publisher, Journal And Year Contribution/ Methodogoly Of Paper Gaps in Literature / Problems identified from the paper / Future research scope 2 Distribution transformer overload protection tripping circuit J. Juthani , H. Parikh, R. Bhavsar Int. J. Appl. Or Innov . Eng. Manag . March 2015 A contribution to the paper on distribution transformer overload protection tripping circuit could be the design and implementation of a novel circuit that integrates advanced sensors, real-time monitoring, and intelligent tripping mechanisms to prevent transformer damage and ensure grid stability. Existing literature lacks detailed exploration of advanced and integrated circuit designs specifically tailored for distribution transformer overload protection, particularly incorporating IoT capabilities for real-time monitoring and remote management. IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers 6

7. LITERATURE REVIEW Dept Of EEE Si No Title Authors Name Of Publisher, Journal And Year Contribution/ Methodogoly Of Paper Gaps in Literature / Problems identified from the paper / Future research scope 3 IoT based-Transformer power theft detection and protection V. Vishvesh , K. V. Gowtham International Journal of Engineering Research,2016 The paper proposes an innovative approach utilizing IoT technology for transformer power theft detection and protection, enhancing grid security and efficiency through real-time monitoring and automated preventive measures. A literature gap exists in exploring IoT -based methods for transformer power theft detection and protection, integrating real-time data analytics and machine learning algorithms for proactive identification and prevention of theft incidents. IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers 7

8. LITERATURE REVIEW Dept Of EEE Si No Title Authors Name Of Publisher, Journal And Year Contribution/ Methodogoly Of Paper Gaps in Literature / Problems identified from the paper / Future research scope 4 Automatic mutual induction proof in seperation logic N. Chin Formal aspect of commuting , April 2019 The paper establishes automatic mutual induction in separation logic, demonstrating a method to automate proof processes, enhancing efficiency and reliability in program verification and formal reasoning. Existing literature lacks comprehensive exploration of automated mutual induction in separation logic, leaving a gap in understanding its potential applications and effectiveness in program verification and formal reasoning domains. IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers 8

9. LITERATURE REVIEW Dept Of EEE Si No Title Authors Name Of Publisher, Journal And Year Contribution/ Methodogoly Of Paper Gaps in Literature / Problems identified from the paper / Future research scope 5 Distribution transformer health monitoring using smart meter data K. Ashok and D. Li IEEE Power and energy society, Feb 2020 Propose a novel method for distribution transformer health monitoring leveraging smart meter data, employing machine learning algorithms to detect anomalies and predict failures for proactive maintenance. Existing literature lacks comprehensive methods utilizing smart meter data for real-time monitoring of distribution transformer health, particularly with integrated machine learning techniques for proactive maintenance and fault prediction. IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers 9

10. LITERATURE REVIEW Dept Of EEE Si No Title Authors Name Of Publisher, Journal And Year Contribution/ Methodogoly Of Paper Gaps in Literature / Problems identified from the paper / Future research scope 6 Modular DC‐DC auto‐ transformer: Topology, operation, and system design, H. Wang, M. Zhu, M IET Power
Electronics, vol. 14, no. 13, pp. 2289–2302, Jul. 2021. The paper presents a comprehensive overview of modular DC-DC auto-transformer, covering its topology, operation, and system design, offering insights for efficient voltage conversion in DC power systems. .The paper identifies a gap in current literature by highlighting the need for more detailed exploration of specific control strategies and efficiency optimization techniques for modular DC-DC auto-transformers. IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers 10

11. LITERATURE REVIEW Dept Of EEE Si No Title Authors Name Of Publisher, Journal And Year Contribution/ Methodogoly Of Paper Gaps in Literature / Problems identified from the paper / Future research scope 7 IoT based substation
monitoring & control system using Arduino with data logging Ur Rehman , H. Mustafa 4 th International Conference on Computing & Information Sciences
(ICCIS), Karachi, Pakistan, Nov. 2021 The paper proposes an IoT -based substation monitoring and control system utilizing Arduino, featuring data logging capabilities. It aims to enhance substation management efficiency and facilitate remote monitoring and control functionalities. The paper addresses a gap in existing literature by focusing on the integration of Arduino-based solutions for substation monitoring and control within IoT frameworks, emphasizing data logging functionalities for improved operational insights.. IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers 11

12. LITERATURE REVIEW Dept Of EEE Si No Title Authors Name Of Publisher, Journal And Year Contribution/ Methodogoly Of Paper Gaps in Literature / Problems identified from the paper / Future research scope 8 Use of ACS 712ELC - 5A current sensor on overloaded load installation safety system A. M. Ravi, D. Priyambodo Applied
Technology and Computing Science Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 47–55, Jun. 2021 The paper explores the application of the ACS712ELC-5A current sensor in a safety system for overloaded load installations. It investigates how the sensor can enhance safety measures by accurately monitoring current levels and triggering alerts or protective actions when overloads occur. The paper identifies gaps in current safety systems for overloaded load installations and proposes the utilization of the ACS712ELC-5A current sensor to address these gaps by providing precise current monitoring and enhancing protective measures.. IoT-Based Monitoring and Protection System for Distribution Transformers 12

13. Dept Of EEE 4 . PROBLEM STATEMENT Inadequate monitoring and protection systems for distribution transformers, leading to potential power disruptions and equipment damage. Lack of real-time data on transformer status, making it challenging to address issues promptly and efficiently. Difficulty in detecting and mitigating overload conditions, which can cause transformer overheating and failure. Insufficient monitoring of voltage levels, risking damage to connected electrical equipment and compromising power quality. Limited means of monitoring critical parameters like oil level, temperature, and humidity, hindering proactive maintenance efforts. 13

14. AIMAI M Develop an IoT-based monitoring and protection system to enhance the operational efficiency of distribution transformers. Implement real-time monitoring capabilities for critical parameters such as voltage, oil level, temperature, and humidity. Design algorithms for detecting and mitigating overload conditions to prevent transformer failures and power disruptions. Enable remote monitoring and control of distribution transformers to facilitate timely interventions and maintenance actions. Evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system in improving transformer performance, reliability, and overall power system stability. 5. AIM Dept Of EEE 14

15. Dept Of EEE 3 . PROPOSED SYSTEM 15 1-PHASE TRANSFORMER Fig no 1 : Block diagram of proposed system

16. Dept Of EEE 6. SUMMARY 16 Work done Work has to be done Topic selection Base paper study Literature survey Design Hardware implementation Table no 2: Summary

17. Dept Of EEE 17 REFERENCE Integrating IoT Technology for Improved Distribution Transformer Monitoring and Protection Sadiq Ur Rehman * (Department of Electrical Engineering, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan), Adeel Khan (Department of Electrical Engineering, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan) Q.-T. Ta, T. C. Le, S.-C. Khoo, and W.-N. Chin, “Automated mutual induction proof in separation logic,” Formal Aspects of Computing, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 207–230, Apr. 2019. https:// doi.org /10.1007/s00165- 018-0471-5 K. Ashok , D. Li, D. Divan, and N. Gebraeel , “Distribution transformer health monitoring using smart meter data,” in 2020 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), Washington, DC, USA, Feb. 2020, pp. 1–5. https:// doi.org /10.1109/ISGT45199.2020.9087641 M. Pourakbari-Kasmaei , F. Mahmood , and M. Lehtonen , “Optimized protection of pole-mounted distribution transformers against direct lightning strikes,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 17, Aug. 2020, Art. no. 4372. https:// doi.org /10.3390/en13174372 Business Recorder, “Around 200 000 people benefit from K-Electric's Ujala project.” [Online]. Available . [8] E. Ali, A. Helal , H. Desouki , K. Shebl , S. Abdelkader , and O. P.Malik , “Power transformer differential protection using current and voltageratios ,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 154, pp. 140–150,Jan. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.Availabl Y. Chen, H. Wang, M. Zhu, M. Liu, and X. Cai , “Modular DC‐DC auto‐transformer: Topology, operation, and system design,” IET Power Electronics, vol. 14, no. 13, pp. 2289–2302, Jul. 2021.https://doi.org/10.1049/pel.12178 N. Yan, J. Hu, J. Wang, D. Dong, and R. Burgos, “Design analysis for current-transformer based high-frequency auxiliary power supply for sic-based medium voltage converter systems,” in 2020 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), New Orleans, LA, USA, Mar. 2020, pp. 1390–1397.https:// doi.org /10.1109/APEC39645.2020.9124436

18. Dept Of EEE 18 THANK YOU