SANCHI STUPA

oldest stupa, located in madhya pradesh

1. BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE: STUPA

2. 1000 BCE 2000 AD ____ 14 th century AD - BOUDHNATH STUPA ____5 th century AD - CHAUKHANDI STUPA ( Sarnath stupa) ____ 4 th century ( 200- 750 AD ) - KESARIYA STUPA ____ 2 nd century BCE - DHARMARAJKA STUPA ( sarnath ) ____ 2 nd century BCE - MAHABODHI TEMPLE ____ 3 rd century BCE - SANCHI STUPA ____ 5 th century BCE - DHAMEKH STUPA ( Sarnath stupa )

3. BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE SANCHI STUPA PRESENTE BY: KAVISHA PATEL DHVANI RAGHVANI HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE SEM: 3 DIV.: B L.J.SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE L.J. UNIVERSITY,AHMEDABAD

4. Stupa is a mound like or hemispherical structure containing relics, that is used as a place of meditation. It is dirt burial mound faced with stone 5 types of stupa: The relic stupa: containing the remains belonged to the Buddha and his disciples The object stupa: containing objects belonged to the Buddha or his disciples The commemorative stupa: marking an event in the Buddha’s life The symbolic stupa: representing aspects of Buddhist teachings The votive stupa: erected to make a dedication or to accumulate merit. STUPA:

5. EVOLUTION OF STUPA: MAURYAN: 3 rd century BCE, Schist and plaster INDO - GREEK: 2 nd century BCE, Schist and plaster, Niches for figured panels or relief work INDO – GREEK: 2 nd century BCE, Schist and plaster LATE INDO GREEK/ INDO SCYTHIAN: END OF 1 ST Century BCE, Soapstone and plaster KUSHAN: 2 nd century BCE, Soapstone and plaster

6. LOCATION: Sanchi is located 60km north east of Bhopal

7. INTRODUCATION: GREAT STUPA, The most noteworthy of the structures at the historical site of Sanchi in Madhya Pradesh, India One of oldest Buddhist monuments in the country Largest stupa at the site Originally built in the 3 rd century BCE, by Mouryan emperor ASHOKA. It was damaged at some point during 2 nd century, BCE. Later repaired, enlarged elements were added, and reached to final form in the 1 st century, BCE Enlarged during local sandstone during the Sunga period, which begun about 50 years after ashoka’s death.

8. SANCHI STUPA: Different sections of the stupa have various symbolic meanings Basic shape come to represent the seated Buddha when he achieved enlightenment. The square base: Buddha’s crossed legs as he set on the earth Middle section: hemisphere or mound: Buddha’s body The conical spire at top : Buddha’s head Many wooden pole within stupa : Buddha’s spine or central channel(avadhuti)

9. SITE : Location of several Buddhist monuments, dating the 3 rd century BCE TO the 12 th century BCE Sanchi stupa is located on sanchi hill, 100 m high above the pain

10. PLAN AND SECTION: 37 m. (12o ft.) Width & 17 M. (54 ft.) Height Circular plan Central structure consists of a hemisphere dome on a base, with a relic chamber deep within. A stone paved processional path at the ground level is enclosed by a balustrade is accessed through the 4 gateways 2 nd higher terrace, enclosed by railing, approached by double staircase, 4 gateways in 4 directions Original stupa had wooden railing , Later replaced by stone railings.

11. Parts of sanchi stupa:

12. Parts : YASHTI: A central pillar : represent: the world mountain Symbolizes: the cosmic axis Supports a triple umbrella structure CHATRA: A triple umbrella Represent: 3 jewels of Buddhism ● The Buddha0 ● The dharma ( doctrine) ● The sangha ( community ) MEDHI: Circular terrace Enclosed by railing, Surrounded dome, Faithful are to circumambulation in a clockwise direction VEDIKA: A low wall The entire structure enclosed by Punctured t a 4 coordinal points by gateways Harmika: Square railings On the dome Encloses chhatra

13. TORANAS: THE FOUR gateways 2 square posts Topped by capital, Sculptured animals and dwarfs Surmounted by 3 architraves All the elements depicting the events of Buddha's life JATAKA stories( about Buddha’s previous life) Scenes of early Buddhism, Auspicious symbols, Name of donors Most notable one being the ivory workers of vidisha

14. Ground level path Staircase Gateway Upper level pradakshina path Upper ambulatory 1.8m wide 3.35 m high Lower ambulatory 3.35 m high Stone vedika 45 cm dia 60-90 cm c/c

15. Views: Stupa 2

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