Sand filtration ppt for environmental engineering

Ppt on sand filtration

1. Sand Filtration

2. Tipe:
•Slow sand filtration
•Rapid (gravity) sand filtration
•Rapid (pressure) sand filtration

3. Pengertian.?
•Sand filtration is a water purification process
in which water is passed through a porous bed
of filter medium
–Slow sand filtration?
–Rapid sand filtration?

5. Parameter desainSSF

6. Perbedaan?
•Slow sand filtersare distinguished from rapid sand filters by
the biologically active sand medium (including the Biofilm),
and slow detention times.
•In a mature sand bed, a thin upper sand layer called a
Schmutzedecke(Biofilm) forms. The Biofilmconsists of
biologically active microorganisms that break down organic
matter while suspended inorganic matter is removed by
straining.
•Rapid sand filters utilize primarily a physical removal
process, are periodically backwashed for cleaning, and
operate with long detention times.
•Slow sand filters are cleaned by periodically scraping the
existing Biofilm.

7. RAPID SAND FILTER SLOW SAND FILTER
•Effective size: 0.35-0.50 mm
•Uniformity coefficient: >1.3/1.7
•Filtration Rate : ~ 5 m
3
/m
2
.jam
•Effective size: 0.15-0.35 mm
•Uniformity coefficient: 2-3
•Filtration Rate : 0.1-0.2 m
3
/m
2
.jam

8. Operasi

9. Mekasnismeproses..
1.Mechanical, Phisical
2.Biological
LapisanBiofilm

10. Backwash.
When is Backwashing Needed?
•The head loss is so high that the filter no
longer produces water at the desired rate;
(Filter Mampet)
•Flocstarts to break through the filter and the
turbidity in the filter effluent increases;
(Effluent keruh)

11. BackWash

12. Expansion area = 20-50 % dariketinggianbed filter