sandeep paweriya 2020A94M Quaantine.pptx

quarantine of insect pests

1. Quarantine : domestic and international quarantine restrictions in movement of agriculture produce,seeds and planting materials Sandeep Paweriya 2020A94M [email protected] CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

2. Quarantine means to keep material in isolation to prevent the spread of diseases, etc. Present in them to other materials.
Materials that are suspected to be contaminated are fumigated or are given other treatments to free them from contamination. If necessary, the material are grown in isolation for observation of diseases, insect pest & weeds.
The entire process is known as quarantine . 2 INTRODUCTION

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4. Rules & acts related to quarantine The rules prescribing the quarantine is termed as quarantine rule . According to “destructive inspects and pest act, 1914” all plants imported in India must be free from disease, insect pest & weeds. At present the plant quarantine (regulations of import into India) order 2004 which came into force on April 2004, is operative. This order has been revised in the light of ‘ New policy on seed development’ (1988) & the WTO agreement. 4

5. Quarantine regulations Plant quarantine regulations are promulgated by the national and the state governments to prevent the introduction and spread of harmful pests and pathogens. Plant quarantine will be justified only when the pest has no natural means of spread. Based on these factors, plant quarantine regulates the introductions as follows: 1. Complete embargo/prohibition: When the pest risk is very high, the safeguards available in the country are not adequate and, therefore, import is prohibited. 2. Post-entry quarantine: The risk is very high but adequate safeguards in the form of post-entry isolation growing facilities are available. 3. Restricted: Pest risk is not high and import permit is required stipulating conditions for entry, inspection and treatment. 4. Unrestricted: Import permit is not required, and material may enter without restriction. 8/6/2021 5

6. Main activities of plant quarantine Tracing, identification and control of quarantine pests. Pest risk analysis, evaluation and determination of quarantine conditions for imported and transit plant shipments. Inspection, sampling, testing and undertaking quarantine regulations on imported and transit agricultural shipments. Supervision and undertaking post-entry quarantine regulations on plants which are subject to the regulations. Inspection, sampling, testing and issuing phytosanitary certificate for exporting plant consignments. 8/6/2021 6

7. Major activities Inspection of imported agricultural commodities for preventing the introduction of exotic pests and diseases inimical to Indian Fauna and Flora
Inspection of agricultural commodities meant for export as per the requirements of importing countries under International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
Detection of exotic pests and diseases already introduced for containing/ controlling them by adopting domestic quarantine regulations.
Undertaking Post Entry Quarantine Inspection in respect of identified planting materials.
Conducting the Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) to finalise phytosanitary requirements for import of plant/plant material. 8/6/2021 7

8. Domestic quarantine Rules and regulations issued prohibiting the movement of diseases and their host from one state to another in India is called domestic quarantine. Plant quarantine activities in India are carried out under the Destructive Insects and Pests Act (DIP Act)of 1914, and the rules and regulations framed (Anonymous,framed from time to time there under by the Govt. Of India (Anonymous, 1975). Seed was not covered under the1975). Seed was not covered under the DIP Act until 1984, when the Govt. Of India brought forward a comprehensive’Plants and Fruits and Seeds (Regulation of Import into India) Order 1984’ which came into force in June 1985 (Anonymous, 1985) 8/6/2021 8

9. International quarantine QUARANTINE International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures are prepared by the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention as part of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization’s global programme of policy and Organization’s technical assistance in plant quarantine. This programme technical assistance in plant quarantine. This programme makes available to FAO Members and other interested parties these standards, guidelines and recommendations to achieve international harmonization of phytosanitary measures, with the aim to facilitate trade and avoid the use of unjustifiable measures as barriers to trade. 8/6/2021 9

10. Plant quarantine stations in India There are 35 Plant quarantine Stations at different Airports, Seaports and Land frontiers implementing the Plant Quarantine regulations. Main station with modern technology are: Airport:- Bombay, Culcutta, Madras, New delhi, and Tiruchurapally. Sea port:- Bombay, Culcutta, Vishakhapatnam, trivendram, MadrasMadras Land frontiers:- Hussainiwala (Firozpur, Punjab) 8/6/2021 10

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13. Guidelines for germplasm import Guidelines for Import of Germplasm Import from a country where the pathogen(s) is absent. Import from a country with an efficient plant quarantine service, so that inspection and treatment is done. Obtain Planting material from the safest known source within the selected country. Obtain non-treated seeds so that detection of seed borne pathogens is facilitated. Obtain clean, healthy-looking seeds of type of impurities. 8/6/2021 13

14. Continue... 6) Obtain an official certificate of freedom from pests and diseases from the exporting country. 7) Import the smallest possible amount of planting material; the smaller the amount, the less the chance of its carrying infection. It will also simplify post entry inspection. 8) Inspect material carefully on arrival and treat. 9) If other precautions are not adequate, subject the material to intermediate or post entry quarantine. 10) Salvage infected seeds 8/6/2021 14

15. Quarantine restrictions in movement of agriculture produce All plants on arrival at port, shall be inspected and if necessary fumigated, disinfested or disinfected Plants and seeds which require post-entry quarantine inspection shall be grown in post-entry quarantine facilities Import of hay or straw or any material of plant origin used for packing is prohibited. Import of soil, earth, compost, sand, plant debris along with plants, fruits and seeds is prohibited. Note: Cut flowers, garlands, bouquets, fruits and vegetables weighing less than 2 kg for personal use may be imported without a permit or phytosanitary certificate, but are subject to inspection. 8/6/2021 15

16. Special Conditions for Certain Notified Plants Prohibited Plant Species The list of prohibited plant species from specified countries covered under Plant Quarantine (Regulation of Import into India) Order, 2003 (PQ Order) giving justification for prohibitions is reproduced in Schedule-IV. Restricted Plant Species List of plants/ plant materials import of which are restricted and permissible only by authorized institutions specifying various additional declarations is reproduced in Schedule-V. 8/6/2021 16

17. Continue... Plants Permitted Import With Specific Additional Declarations A list of plant species, for which the PPA prescribes additional declarations and special conditions, are reproduced in Schedule-VI. Besides, this a list of plant species for consumption purpose is reproduced in Schedule-VII. 8/6/2021 17

18. Timeline for plant quarantine activities for import of plant and planting materials 8/6/2021 18

19. Timeline for plant quarantine activities for Export of plant and planting materials 8/6/2021 19

20. Conclusion The PQ measures acts as an important tool in excluding pests and diseases from the crop. Effective implementation of quarantine is highly emphasized for management of pests and diseases, which in turn helps in maintaining the productivity of crops 8/6/2021 20

21. SYMBOL OF TRUST