Scada classification

An introduction to SCADA systems

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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
SCADA SYSTEMSCADA SYSTEM
CLASSIFICATIONCLASSIFICATION
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AgendaAgenda
 IntroductionIntroduction
 HistoryHistory
 What is SCADA?What is SCADA?
 Classifications of a SCADA systemClassifications of a SCADA system
 Elements of SCADA system?Elements of SCADA system?
 Where is SCADA used?Where is SCADA used?
 What types of SCADA are there?What types of SCADA are there?
 Purpose of this researchPurpose of this research
 ConclusionConclusion
SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
IntroductionIntroduction
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) System System
 HistoryHistory
 Why SCADA?Why SCADA?
 Definition of SCADADefinition of SCADA
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
HistoryHistory
 Egyptian supervisoryEgyptian supervisory
 First half of the 20First half of the 20
thth
century century
 Development from telemetry systemDevelopment from telemetry system
 Weather predictionsWeather predictions
 Rail road tracksRail road tracks
 Two way systemTwo way system
 1960s idea for supervisory1960s idea for supervisory
 1970s radio system1970s radio system
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Why SCADA?Why SCADA?
 Saves Time and MoneySaves Time and Money
 Less traveling for workers (e.g. helicopter ride)Less traveling for workers (e.g. helicopter ride)
 Reduces man-power needsReduces man-power needs
 Increases production efficiency of a companyIncreases production efficiency of a company
 Cost effective for power systemsCost effective for power systems
 Saves energySaves energy
 ReliableReliable
 Supervisory control over a particular systemSupervisory control over a particular system
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
What is SCADA?What is SCADA?
 Supervisory Control and Data AcquisitionSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition
 SupervisorySupervisory
 Operator/s, engineer/s, supervisor/s, etcOperator/s, engineer/s, supervisor/s, etc
 ControlControl
 MonitoringMonitoring
 LimitedLimited
 TelemetryTelemetry
 Remote/LocalRemote/Local
 Data acquisitionData acquisition
 Access and acquire information or data from the Access and acquire information or data from the
equipment equipment
 Sends it to different sites through telemetrySends it to different sites through telemetry
 Analog / DigitalAnalog / Digital
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
ClassificationsClassifications
 Anatomy of a SCADA system?Anatomy of a SCADA system?
 Elements of SCADAElements of SCADA
 Levels of SCADALevels of SCADA
 Where is SCADA used? Where is SCADA used?
 Different applications of SCADA systems?Different applications of SCADA systems?
 What types of SCADA are there?What types of SCADA are there?
 Component manufacturers and system manufacturers Component manufacturers and system manufacturers
of the SCADA systems?of the SCADA systems?
 Automation SolutionsAutomation Solutions
 SoftwareSoftware
 HardwareHardware
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Elements of SCADAElements of SCADA
Elements of a SCADA systemElements of a SCADA system
 Sensors and actuatorsSensors and actuators
 RTUs/PLCsRTUs/PLCs
 CommunicationCommunication
 MTUMTU
 Front End ProcessorFront End Processor
 SCADA serverSCADA server
 Historical/Redundant/Safety ServerHistorical/Redundant/Safety Server
 HMI computerHMI computer
 HMI softwareHMI software
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
SensorsSensors
Types of sensors:Types of sensors:
 Pressure sensorsPressure sensors
 Temperature sensorsTemperature sensors
 Light sensorsLight sensors
 Humidity sensorsHumidity sensors
 Wind speed sensorsWind speed sensors
 Water level sensorsWater level sensors
 Distance sensorsDistance sensors
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
ActuatorsActuators
Actuators:Actuators:
 ValvesValves
 PumpsPumps
 MotorsMotors
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
RTUsRTUs
RTU – Remote Terminal UnitRTU – Remote Terminal Unit
 Intelligent to control a process and multiple processesIntelligent to control a process and multiple processes
 Data logging and alarm handlingData logging and alarm handling
 ExpandableExpandable
 Asks the field devices for informationAsks the field devices for information
 Can control IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Device)Can control IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Device)
 Slave/Master deviceSlave/Master device
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
AlarmsAlarms
Types of alarms:Types of alarms:
 Good alarmsGood alarms
 Critical failure alarmsCritical failure alarms
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Safety instrumented systemsSafety instrumented systems
Actions:Actions:
 Override the normal control systemOverride the normal control system
 Take over the actuatorsTake over the actuators
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
PLCsPLCs
PLC – Programmable Logic ControllerPLC – Programmable Logic Controller
 Ladder logicLadder logic
 Industrial computer that replaced relaysIndustrial computer that replaced relays
 Not a protocol converterNot a protocol converter
 Cannot control IEDsCannot control IEDs
 Communication compatibilitiesCommunication compatibilities
 Takes actions based on its inputsTakes actions based on its inputs
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
CommunicationCommunication
Communication systems:Communication systems:
 Switched Telephone NetworkSwitched Telephone Network
 Leased linesLeased lines
 Private Network (LAN/RS-485)Private Network (LAN/RS-485)
 InternetInternet
 Wireless Communication systemsWireless Communication systems
 Wireless LANWireless LAN
 Global System for Mobile CommunicationGlobal System for Mobile Communication
(GSM) Network (GSM) Network
 Radio modemsRadio modems
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Communication cont.Communication cont.
Protocols:Protocols:
 MODBUSMODBUS
 DNP 3.0DNP 3.0
 FieldbusFieldbus
 Controller Area Network (CAN)Controller Area Network (CAN)
 ProfibusProfibus
 DirectNetDirectNet
 TCP/IPTCP/IP
 EthernetEthernet
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Front End ProcessorFront End Processor
Front End ProcessorFront End Processor
 Gathers all communications and converts them Gathers all communications and converts them
into SCADA friendly communication into SCADA friendly communication
 Communication interface between several RTUCommunication interface between several RTU
channels and the host Master Station computer channels and the host Master Station computer
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
SCADA serverSCADA server
SCADA ServerSCADA Server
 It can be a Web serverIt can be a Web server
 Data loggingData logging
 Analyzing dataAnalyzing data
 Serve the clients through a firewallServe the clients through a firewall
 Clients connected in the corporation or connectedClients connected in the corporation or connected
outside through internet outside through internet
 Real-time decision makerReal-time decision maker
 Asks RTU for informationAsks RTU for information
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Historical serverHistorical server
Historical/Safety/Redundant ServerHistorical/Safety/Redundant Server
 Logs the data from the SCADA server and Logs the data from the SCADA server and
stores it as a backup, in case of a disaster stores it as a backup, in case of a disaster
 It is basically a safety serverIt is basically a safety server
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
HMI ComputerHMI Computer
Human Machine Interface ComputerHuman Machine Interface Computer
 Access on the SCADA ServerAccess on the SCADA Server
 Control the systemControl the system
 Operator InterfaceOperator Interface
 SoftwareSoftware
 User friendlyUser friendly
 Programmable (C, C++)Programmable (C, C++)
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
DCSDCS
DCS – Distributed Control SystemDCS – Distributed Control System
 Process oriented – tendency to do somethingProcess oriented – tendency to do something
 Not event oriented – does not depend on circumstancesNot event oriented – does not depend on circumstances
 Local control over the devicesLocal control over the devices
 Subordinate to SCADASubordinate to SCADA
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Levels of SCADALevels of SCADA
Four levels of SCADA systemFour levels of SCADA system
 Level IV - EnterpriseLevel IV - Enterprise
 Corporate LAN/WANCorporate LAN/WAN
 World Wide WebWorld Wide Web
 Virtual Private NetworkVirtual Private Network
 Firewall for remote usersFirewall for remote users
 Level III – SCADA / MTULevel III – SCADA / MTU
 Operator WorkstationsOperator Workstations
 ControlControl
 Engineering WorkstationsEngineering Workstations
 Servers – Data loggingServers – Data logging
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Levels of SCADA cont.Levels of SCADA cont.
Four levels of SCADA systemFour levels of SCADA system
 Level II – TelecommunicationLevel II – Telecommunication
 FiberFiber
 RadioRadio
 Telephone leased lineTelephone leased line
 ProtocolsProtocols
 Level I – FieldLevel I – Field
 DevicesDevices
 RTUs / PLCsRTUs / PLCs
 SensorsSensors
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Level IV - EnterpriseLevel IV - Enterprise
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Level III - SCADALevel III - SCADA
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Level II and ILevel II and I
Telecommunication and FieldTelecommunication and Field
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Where is SCADA used?Where is SCADA used?
Main SCADA applications:Main SCADA applications:
 Water and WastewaterWater and Wastewater
 PowerPower
 Oil and GasOil and Gas
 Research facilitiesResearch facilities
 TransportationTransportation
 Security systemsSecurity systems
 Siren systemsSiren systems
 IrrigationIrrigation
 Communication controlCommunication control
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U.S. InfrastructureU.S. Infrastructure
SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Courtesy of Infrastructure Assurance CenterCourtesy of Infrastructure Assurance Center
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
SCADA examplesSCADA examples
SCADA examples:SCADA examples:
 Gas control systemsGas control systems
 Water control systemsWater control systems
 Power systemsPower systems
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Gas SCADAGas SCADA
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Water SCADAWater SCADA
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Power SCADAPower SCADA
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powerpower
controlcontrol

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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
SCADA system typesSCADA system types
Three types of basic SCADA systems:Three types of basic SCADA systems:
 Basic SCADABasic SCADA
 One machine processOne machine process
 One RTU and MTUOne RTU and MTU
 Integrated SCADAIntegrated SCADA
 Multiple RTUsMultiple RTUs
 DCSDCS
 Networked SCADANetworked SCADA
 Multiple SCADAMultiple SCADA
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Basic SCADABasic SCADA
Car manufacturing robotCar manufacturing robot
 Room temperature controlRoom temperature control
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Integrated SCADAIntegrated SCADA
 Water systemsWater systems
 Subway systemsSubway systems
 Security systemsSecurity systems
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Networked SCADANetworked SCADA
 Power systemsPower systems
 CommunicationCommunication
systems systems
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Automation solutionsAutomation solutions
SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
SCADA system manufacturersSCADA system manufacturers
 Modular SCADA, UKModular SCADA, UK
 MOSCAD, MotorolaMOSCAD, Motorola
 Rockwell AutomationRockwell Automation
 ABCOABCO
 ABBABB
 LantronixLantronix
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SCADA HardwareSCADA Hardware
SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
SCADA Hardware manufacturersSCADA Hardware manufacturers
 Rockwell Allen BradleyRockwell Allen Bradley
 General Electric (GE)General Electric (GE)
 EmersonEmerson
 Schneider ElectricSchneider Electric
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SCADA SoftwareSCADA Software
SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
SCADA Software manufacturersSCADA Software manufacturers
 Intellution (Fix 32)Intellution (Fix 32)
 Iconics (Genesis32 v7.0)Iconics (Genesis32 v7.0)
 Wonderware (InTouch)Wonderware (InTouch)
 Citect (CitectSCADA 5.42)Citect (CitectSCADA 5.42)
 National Instruments (Lookout SCADA)National Instruments (Lookout SCADA)
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SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
Purpose of this researchPurpose of this research
 Develop a teaching module for a general SCADA systemDevelop a teaching module for a general SCADA system
 Develop a general model of a SCADA systemDevelop a general model of a SCADA system
 Use LabView and wireless communication computersUse LabView and wireless communication computers
to illustrate an example of the SCADA system to illustrate an example of the SCADA system
 Study the vulnerabilities of the SCADA systemStudy the vulnerabilities of the SCADA system
 Create a freshman introduction moduleCreate a freshman introduction module
 Create an upper level course for SCADACreate an upper level course for SCADA
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What is next?What is next?
SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
 Use the Laptop1 to generate the wells, tanks, servers, RTUsUse the Laptop1 to generate the wells, tanks, servers, RTUs
PLCs and the front end processor through SubVIs PLCs and the front end processor through SubVIs
 Use the Laptop2 to be the HMI Computer that connects toUse the Laptop2 to be the HMI Computer that connects to
Laptop1 and reads the data and also affect the devices Laptop1 and reads the data and also affect the devices
 And Laptop3 to simulate an attack at the SCADA systemAnd Laptop3 to simulate an attack at the SCADA system
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ConclusionConclusion
SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
 There are thousands of SCADA systems installed and theyThere are thousands of SCADA systems installed and they
can be completely different from each other, in terms ofcan be completely different from each other, in terms of
their structures but they all have common elements andtheir structures but they all have common elements and
a common purpose – to supervise control and collect data.a common purpose – to supervise control and collect data.
 There are three types of SCADA systems that describeThere are three types of SCADA systems that describe
all of the SCADA systems.all of the SCADA systems.
 Communication is the most significant part of SCADACommunication is the most significant part of SCADA
 Power and communication systems are most likely to Power and communication systems are most likely to
get attacked by terrorists.get attacked by terrorists.
NORWICH UNIVERISTY CENTER OF EXELLENCE IN DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM SECURITYNORWICH UNIVERISTY CENTER OF EXELLENCE IN DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM SECURITY

43. 43
DiscussionDiscussion
SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)SCADA SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATIONS (ILIA DORMISHEV, KRENAR KOMONI)
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