SCADA Estado Actual Y Perspectivas Conceptos

SCADA Estado Actual Y Perspectivas

1. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 1
SCADA
Current State
and
Perspective
Matthias Clausen, DESY
(A. Daneels, CERN)

2. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 2
Overview
What is SCADA (compared with DCS systems)
Where and Why are SCADA systems used
What do SCADA systems Provide?
Evolution
OPC for SCADA
Benefits
Experience from DESY
Outlook

3. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 3
Traditional Control

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Traditional Control 2
nd
Dedicated Consoles
Point to point communication
No network
No remote access
No remote diagnostic

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Distributed Control
Network Protocol
Field Bus
Field Bus-Integrator
PLC’s

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Distributed Control 2
nd
Advantages:
Distributed databases/ programs created from a single
development environment (also in front end processor)
Distributed access
Distributed diagnostic
Display ‘everything everywhere’
Disadvantages:
None of the DC systems are compatible to each other
Difficult:
Integration of various field bus components

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Data Server
SCADA ?SCADA ?SCADA ?
Supervisory
Control
And
Data
Acquisition
Graphics and Batch processing
Archiving, Logging,
Access Control, Alarms
Distributed database
PLC’s
Field Bus
Data Server
Control Programs
ERP Systems
Expert Systems

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What, Where and Why
What is “SCADA”and where is it used
Supervisory Controls And Data Acquisition
Application area :
Industrial processes: chemical, power generation and distribution,
metallurgy, …
Nuclear processes: reactors, nuclear waste, ...
Experimental physics: Tokamaks, HEP laboratories
Application size:
20 K I/O to 450 K I/O, two examples of 1 M I/Ounder development
Why SCADA systems were evaluated for LHC SLC ?
Reduction of resources
CERN policy of “outsourcing”

9. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 9
What do SCADA Provide?
Flexible and open architecture
Basic SCADA functionality
MMI
Alarm Handling and Trending
Access Control
Automation
Logging, Archiving, Report Generation
Interfaces to H/W and S/W
Interfaces to ERP-and Expert-Systems
Development Tools

10. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 10
Generic Software Architecture
Tren-
ding
Alarm
Display
Log
Display
Active X
Controls
Active X
Container
SCADA Client
Recipe
DB
Recipe
Managt
Ref.
DB
Alarm Log Archive
Report
Gener.
Log DBArchive DBSQLAlarm DB
RT & Event Manager
Data
Proces
SCADA Server
RT
DB
ODBC
DDE
API/DLL
Private
Application
EXCEL Driver
PLCPLC
OPC
Graphics
Editor
MMI
Driver
Toolkit
Project
Editor
Export
/
Import
Commercial
DB
Commercial
Devel.
tool
ASCII
Files
ASCII
File
Editor SCADA Developt. Environt
.
Library
Data
R/W
VME
Client / Server -Publish / Subscribe -TCP/ IP

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SCADA functions (1): MMI

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SCADA functions (2)
Alarm Handling
Based on limit and status checking *
More complicated expressions developed by creating derived
parameters *
Alarms are time stamped and logically centralised *
Notifications (audible, visual, Email, GSM)
Multiple alarm priority levels
Grouping of alarms and handling of groups is possible
Suppression and masking of alarms either individually or as a
complete group
Filtering of alarms is possible
* ! Experience @ DESY

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SCADA functions (3)
Trending
Multiple trending charts
Charts are pre-defined or configured on-line
Charts contain multiple pens,
Zooming, scrolling, panning, ‘Hairline’
Real-time and historical trending
Write data to RDB

14. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 14
SCADA functions (4)
Access Control
Users organised in groups with a set of allocated privileges
Large number of groups possible
Privileges limit write access to process parameters
Some allow access to graphics and functionality to be
limited
Automation
Actions can be initiated automatically triggered by an event *
Recipes
Sequencing and scripting possibilities

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SCADA functions (5)
Logging, Archiving
Data stored in compressed and proprietary format
Logging / Archiving either for a set number of parameters or for
a set period of time
Logging / Archiving can be frequency or event driven *
Logging of user actions together with a user ID
VCR facility for playback of stored data
Writing logs into RDB
Report Generation
Reports created using SQL type queries to the RTDB or logs
Automatic generation, printing and archiving of reports
Use of ‘components’ for report generation
* ! Experience @ DESY

16. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 16
Interfaces to H/W and S/W
H/W
Multiple communication protocols supported in a single system
(in particular CERN supported Field busses)
Support for major PLCs/DCSs but not VME
S/W
API
ODBC, DDE and OLE I/F to PC Products
OPC Client and OPC Server
ActiveX Containers
Web clients

17. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 17
Development Tools
Project editor
Graphics editor
Configuration through parameter templates
Scripting language
Most processing tools based on IEC 1131
Batch configuration according to S88.1
Driver Development Tool Kit

18. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 18
Evolution
Frequent new versions
From “tag/ channel-based” to “device
oriented”
Multi-team development
Web technology, Active X, Java, etc.
OPC for internal communication
Etc

19. Why is OPC Data Access
needed?
Software
Driver
Software
Driver
Software
Driver
Software
Driver
Display
Application
Trend
Application
Report
Application

20. How does OPC Solve the
Problem?
Software
Driver
Software
Driver
Software
Driver
Software
Driver
OPC OPC OPC OPC
Display
Application
Trend
Application
Report
Application
OPC OPC OPC

21. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 21
Where does OPC Data Access Fit?
Low level sensors
Typically use a dedicated
Hardware Interface and protocol
Device Specific
I/O Control
Data Monitor
SubSystem
OPC
OPC (via DCOM)can also
be used between subsystems
and Management Consoles
OPC is generally used
between Monitoring
applications and I/O specific
software drivers

22. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 22
Benefits of SCADA
Standard frame for application
Rich functionality (50 -100 p-yrs investment)
Reliability and Robustness (very large installed
base, mission critical processes)
Limited specific development
Technical support and maintenance
….. Etc

23. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 23
Let’s go for it !
Namespace: flat vs. OO
System Load
Network
Processor
Project Management
Let’s go for it !???
More Aspects to take into Account:
Configuration of SCADA Systems
Data Access Mechanism’s
DESY Experience:

24. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 24
Configuration
of SCADA Systems
Field Bus
Data Server PLC’sData Server
Different Namespaces!!

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Configuration
of SCADA Systems 2
nd
PLC
Programs
Communication
Processor
•Analog-Input
•Value-AI-0
•Value-AI-1
•Analog-Output
•Value-AO-0
•Value-AO-1
Field Bus
•Analog-Input
•Vacuum_VALUE
•Pressure_VALUE
•Analog-Output
•Valve_1_OUT
•Heater_1_OUT
Mapping
SCADA

26. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 26
Configuration
of SCADA Systems 3
rd
(Alarms)
•Analog-Input
•Vacuum_VALUE
•Pressure_VALUE
•Analog-Output
•Valve_1_OUT
•Heater_1_OUT
SCADA
Data Server
(generic) Alarm scripts:
IF (Pressure_VALUE > Pressure_HIHI_ALARMVAL)
{Pressure_ALARM_HIHI=TRUE
Pressure_ALARM_STATE=CRITICAL
Pressure_ALARM_COLOR= RED}
IF (Pressure_VALUE < Pressure_LOLO_ALARMVAL)
{Pressure_ALARM_LOLO=TRUE
Pressure_ALARM_STATE=ATTETION
Pressure_ALARM_COLOR= BLUE}
Alarm Generation

27. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 27
Winnings !!!
How many individual Tags did I create
up to now in my example?
4 8 101710
•Vacuum_VALUE
•Pressure_VALUE
•Valve_1_OUT
•Heater_1_OUT
Pressure_VALUE
Pressure_HIHI_ALARMVAL
Pressure_ALARM_HIHI
Pressure_ALARM_STATE
Pressure_ALARM_COLOR
Pressure_VALUE
Pressure_LOLO_ALARMVAL
Pressure_ALARM_LOLO
Pressure_ALARM_STATE
Pressure_ALARM_COLOR
4
4
2

28. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 28
Data Access Mechanism's
Alarm Server typically poll
data from the data server
( -> impact on network bandwidth)
More advanced techniqueslike
publish / subscribe are
available in some cases
Data from field buses are
mainly polled
Asynchronous protocols are
difficult to handle
Field Bus
Data Server
AlarmServer

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DESY Experience 1
st
Namespace
Individual tags for each property blow up the namespace
Flat namespaces of thousands of tags can not be properly
handled without adequate tools
Latest SCADA technology clearly shows the trend to support the
definition of objects which cleans up the namespace
System Load
Additional –non standard-features like
calculating alarms for each channel
temperature conversions ( 6
th
grade polynomial)
... can cause a lot of overhead which needs to be taken into
account for the calculation of the system load on process
controllers ( here: in a SCADA-like DCS system)

30. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 30
DESY Experience 2
nd
Project Management
Small systems can be easily handled with in-house
personal
Big systems (several thousand of channels) should be
coordinated by an engineering office because of:
The coordination of the Field Bus (PLC) databases and the
SCADA databases
The knowledge of the various tools which come along with a
SCADA system
One of the main arguments for SCADA systems is:
outsourcing

31. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 31
Let’s go for it !???
Utility controls @ DESY use EPICS as a SCADA system
H1 is going to use PVSS for their slow controls
There‘s no alternative for big projects like TESLA
Various subsystems can be controlled by SCADA systems:
Utility Controls (water, energy, air, heating...)
Cryogenic Controls (cryogenic plants, cryogenic distribution)
Vacuum Systems (insulation vacuum, beam vacuum)
Special developments i.e. for RF control should have a ‚SCADA-
aware‘ design
Let’s go for it !???

32. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 32
Is SCADA the only Future ? ...
New Technology: JetWeb
Each node is an individual Web Server
All nodes and all I/O hooked up to the Ethernet
... probably not, but a very attractive one.

33. 9 -12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 -DESY 33
That’s all
Folks