Schematic diagram of copd

1. Schematic Diagram of COPD






















Predisposing Factors:
Aging
Alpha1 Antitrypsin
Deficiency (hereditary)
Allergies
Precipitating Factors:
Smoker/ cigarette smoking
Second hand smoker
Exposure to air pollution
IV drug use (methadone/
cocaine
HIV infection
Recurrent respiratory infection

Chronic irritation to the airflows of the lungs
Infiltration of lymphocytes,
macrophages, and
polymorphonuclear leukocytes in
the mucosal areas
Vasodilation, congestion, and
edema of the bronchial mucosa

The elastin and fiber network of the
alveoli are broken
As a compensatory mechanism, the
alveoli enlarge but the walls are
damaged

2. Thickening due to excessive mucus
plug formation and rigidity of bronchi
Consistent destruction of the alveoli
and alveolar walls
Narrowing of air passages Enlargement of acini
Reduction in the alveolar diffusing
space and some tissue changes
Chronic Bronchitis
Pulmonary Emphysema
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE