SCIENCE 7 QUARTER 4 LEARNING COMPETENCY Week 1.pptx

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1. SCIENCE 7 Energy within the Earth and the Pacific Ring of Fire: Introduction to Earthquake

2. By the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to: Describe the Pacific Ring of Fire; Classify the geologic faults according to the angle of the fault plane and the direction of slip; and Acknowledge the relevance of seismic activities with the location of the country. LESSON OBJECTIVE

3. F L U A T FAULT It is a fracture in the Earth's crust through which movement has occurred

4. E T R A H A U E K Q EARTHQUAKE It is a sudden and violent shaking of the ground caused by the movement of the tectonic plates beneath the earth. It can occur on land or under the ocean.

5. H A I G N N G W L L A HANGING WALL The side of a non-vertical fault that occurs above the fault plane.

6. F T O O W L L A FOOT WALL The side of a non-vertical fault that can be found below the fault plane.

7. S E I I C M S A I I C T T V Y SEISMIC ACTIVITY Also referred to as seismicity, is the occurrence and distribution of earthquakes in a region.

8. FACT OF BLUFF BLUFF . It dominates the Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ring of Fire covers a chain of shoreline countries around the Atlantic Ocean.

9. FACT OF BLUFF BLUFF . It is a region where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur regularly due to the movement and interaction of tectonic plates along the Pacific Ocean basin. The Pacific Ring of Fire is where wildfire often occurs.

10. FACT OF BLUFF FACT The movement of the ground is responsible for the geological activities on the Pacific Ring of Fire.

11. What do you see in the picture?

12. Why is it called the Pacific Ring of Fire? Why are there a lot of volcanoes in the Pacific Ring of Fire? Aside from volcanic eruptions, do you know other phenomena in the Pacific Ring of Fire? T he chain of volcanoes that encircle the Pacific Ocean, which resembles a ring of fire on a map Theres a lot of movement of tectonic plates in the area O ceanic trenches, and transform faults

13. PACIFIC RING OF FIRE It’s an area of intense seismic activity that circles the Pacific Ocean and is characterized by a chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. 

14. PACIFIC RING OF FIRE It results from tectonic plate interactions where the Pacific Plate collides with other plates, creating subduction zones that trigger volcanic activity and earthquakes. It’s also known as the Circum-Pacific Belt. 

15. Three Primary Types of Faults 1. Normal Fault- When tension forces pull the Earth's crust apart, causing the hanging wall (rock above the fault plane) to slide downwards relative to the footwall (rock below the fault plane). 

16. NORMAL FAULT Fault Plane Angle: Inclined at an angle less than 45 degrees from the horizontal. Direction of Slip: Vertical motion where the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall. This type of faulting occurs in extensional tectonic settings, such as divergent plate

17. NORMAL FAULT Generation of Seismic Activity: Forms in areas undergoing extensional tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is being pulled apart (divergent movement) forming valleys. As the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall, tensional stress builds up along the fault plane. Eventually, the accumulated stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, causing them to rupture and release energy in the form of seismic waves.

18. Three Primary Types of Faults 2. Reverse Fault- Formed by compressional forces where the hanging wall moves upwards relative to the footwall, often found in areas where tectonic plates collide. 

19. REVERSE FAULT Fault Plane Angle: 45 degrees from the horizontal. Direction of Slip: Vertical motion where the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. Reverse Hanging faults typically form in compressional tectonic settings, such as convergent plate boundaries.

20. REVERSE FAULT Generation of Seismic Activity: Reverse faults form in areas undergoing compressional tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is being pushed together. As the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall, compressional stress builds up along the fault plane. When the accumulated stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, they break along the fault, releasing stored energy as seismic waves.

21. Three Primary Types of Faults 3. Stike -Slip Fault- A fault where the movement is primarily horizontal along the fault plane, with the rocks on either side sliding past each other. 

22. STRIKE-SLIP FAULT Fault Plane Angle: Nearly vertical, with minimal inclination from the horizontal. Direction of Slip: Horizontal motion where the movement is predominantly lateral along the fault plane. Strike-slip faults are common in transform plate boundaries, where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally.

23. STRIKE-SLIP FAULT Generation of Seismic Activity: Strike-slip faults form in areas undergoing lateral tectonic stress, where the Earth's crust is moving horizontally past each other. Stress builds up along the fault plane due to the friction between the moving plates. When the frictional resistance is overcome, the rocks on either side of the fault suddenly slip past each other, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves.

24. In the Philippines, the most common types of faults are typically strike-slip faults and thrust (reverse) faults. The country is located along the boundary of the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate, where the movement is predominantly lateral (strike-slip) and compressional (thrust). These types of faults are responsible for the significant seismic activity and earthquakes experienced in the region.

25. Active and Inactive Faults Active Faults- is a crack in the Earth's surface that has moved recently or is likely to move again. Active faults are a concern for seismic hazard assessment because they can cause earthquakes. 

26. Active and Inactive Faults Inactive Faults- a crack in the Earth's crust that hasn't moved in a long time and doesn't experience earthquakes. 

27. Fault Line in the Philippines Inactive Faults- a crack in the Earth's crust that hasn't moved in a long time and doesn't experience earthquakes. 

28. West Panay Fault West Valley Fault Line East Valley Fault Line Surigao Fault Line Bangui Fault . Fault lines in the Philippines