Scientific Management

Scientific Management

1. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT *Maria Tiara Fatima F. Galang MPA 505 – Organization and Management

2. Objectives: Understand the principles of scientific management Identify the proponents of scientific management and their respective contributions

3. 3. Determine the limitations of scientific management Objectives:

4. Classical approach higher level management analysis lower level management analysis

5. F.W. Taylor The Gilbreths H.L. Gantt

6. Frederick Winslow Taylor - Father of Scientific Management - “the first man in history who did not take work for granted…”

7. Principles of Scientific Management

8. 1. Develop a scientific approach for each element of an individual’s work to replace rule-of-thumb guidelines

9. 2. Scientifically select, train, teach and develop each worker

10. 3. Be cooperative with workers to ensure that the job matches plans and principles

11. 4. Ensure equal division of work and responsibility between managers and workers

12. Taylor ’ s experience in three companies

13. Midvale Steel: - “soldiering” of workers was observed - differential rate system

14. Bethlehem Steel Company: - improved the efficiency of the company yard gang

15. Simonds Rolling Machine Company: - improved productivity, quality, worker morale and wages

16. Job analysis Time-and-motion studies Standardization of processes Piece-rate method Motivation by monetary considerations

17. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth - worked as a husband-and-wife team in their study of work - used time and motion study as their principal tool

18. Frank Gilbreth studied bricklaying and changed the structure of such task

19. They labeled their work as therbligs . The Gilbreths are also known for their child-rearing practices.

20. Henry L. Gantt - focused on “control” systems for shop-floor production scheduling - Gantt Charts

21. He established quota systems and bonuses systems for workers ( gainsharing ) social responsibility

22. Scientific Management and the Model-T

23. Limitations of Scientific Management

24. simplistic motivational assumptions w orkers were viewed as part of a machine e xcluded senior (top) management tasks

25. Conclusion: Scientific management helped organizations in achieving productivity and efficiency using scientific methods and techniques. This is through employing various work analysis techniques such as time and motion study. Through such, a “one best way” of doing tasks had been developed to eliminate unnecessary and time-killing movements.

26. Conclusion: Ultimately , scientific management had been an essential body of knowledge in improving work. Such theory, although considered classical, is still applied among established organizations today.