Seizing the IPv6 Advantage: For a Bigger, Faster and Stronger Internet

Paul Wilson, Director General of APNIC, presented on 'Seizing the IPv6 Advantage: For a Bigger, Faster and Stronger Internet' during the APAC IPv6 Council held in Hanoi, Viet Nam on 7 June 2024.

1. 1
Seizing the IPv6 Advantage:
For a Bigger, Faster, Stronger Internet
APAC IPv6 Council Meeting
Viet Nam, June 2024

2. 2
RIP
IPv4
1983 –
after a
long illness
One of these days…

3. 3
The long illness…
APNIC internalhttp://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4

4. 44
IPv4 on life support…
•IANA pool expired in 2011
–RIR regional supplies followed (2012 to 2017)
–Only APNIC has remaining supply (after reclamation in 2023)
•Delaying the inevitable…
–Address sharing, Network Address Translation (NAT), CGNAT
–RIR-registered transfers (sales or leases)
•Trading in the remains…
–Purchase and leasing
–Chaotic white/grey/black markets
–Price: 10 to 1,000x the price of registration

5. 5
Extn202
Public
Private
02 6262 9898
Address sharing and NAT
Phone
Network
PBX
Internet
202.12.29.32
NAT
192.168.1.1

6. 6
Internet
NAT
192.168.1.1
Carrier Grade NAT (CGN)
1Gb / user per month
$40 / user per year
+Y mslatency
+X mslatency
CGN
10.0.0.202
202.12.29.32

7. 7
Hence IPv6…

8. 88
IPv6 address space
•IPv4: 32-bit address
–2
32
= 4,294,967,296
–The number of stars in the
observable universe
•IPv6: 128-bit address
–2
128
=
340,282,366,920,938,463,463,3
74,607,431,768,211,456
–Each of those stars contains
an entire IPv4 Internet

9. 9
Latency: Global routing
IPv4
IPv6
200,000
1,000,000

10. 1010
Latency: Global routing
IPv4 IPv6

11. 11
Latency: Global routing
AS Path length –Global average

12. 1212
Latency: IPv4 v IPv6
12ms
1ms
4.3ms
-5.5ms
3.7ms
2.8ms
6.8ms

13. 1313
IPv4 market price
https://auctions.ipv4.global/prior-sales
Peak: $60 / address
Today: ~$30 / address

14. 14
The good news

15. 1515
Good news…
43% IPv6 capability in Asia
https://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6

16. 1616
Better news…
60% IPv6 capability in VN
https://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6

17. 1717
More good news….
https://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/statistics.html
45% of Google traffic

18. 1818
The global picture
https://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6
79%
44%
43%
49%
56%
33%
34%
60%

19. 1919
IPv6 population –Top 20
Rank2015 % 2024 %
1 Belgium 45% India 79%
2 Switzerland 28% Malaysia 71%
3 United States of America 26% France 69%
4 Germany 25% Belgium 67%
5 Portugal 18% Saudi Arabia 66%
6 Luxembourg 17% Germany 66%
7 Greece 17% Vietnam 60%
8 Estonia 17% Uruguay 59%
9 Japan 16% Taiwan 58%
10 Peru 15% United States of America 57%
11 Czech Republic 11% Greece 56%
12 Norway 10% Sri Lanka 56%
13 Malaysia 10% Israel 56%
14 Romania 10% Japan 55%
15 Singapore 10% Nepal 55%
16 France 6% Mexico 52%
17 Ecuador 6% United Arab Emirates 52%
18 Brazil 6% Hungary 51%
19 Finland 6% Puerto Rico 51%
20 Austria 6% Guatemala 51%

20. 2020
And more…
https://www.akamai.com/blog/trends/10-years-since-world-ipv6-launch

21. 21
IPv6 Drivers

22. 2222
What drives deployment?
•Motivations
–Supply of addresses: numbering, management, mergers
–Cost of IPv4 (USD $50/address) vs cost of IPv6 (miniscule)
–Cost of IPv4 NAT (USD $40/user/year?) vs no cost for native IPv6
–Efficiency of technology and routing -> Lower latency
–Competition and the network effect
•Doubts
–Human capacity
–Business risks, security and other FUD…
–… natural resistance to change.

23. 2323
Top 5 IN

24. 2424
Top 5 VN

25. 2525
Case: Akamai
•All CDN customers receive IPv6
•AbemaTV, Japan (streaming video)
–“…throughput improved by an average of 38% compared to IPv4, and by
67% [during] nighttime”.
•Enterprise adoption is slow but…
–“As Enterprises grow and have acquisitions and different business units,
Private IPv4 space becomes increasingly unwieldy.Using Zero Trust
models with a flat IPv6 global namespace is much easier to manage.” –
Erik Nygren, 2014

26. 2626
Case: AWS
•Amazon now charges for public IPv4 space
–$0.005/address/hour
–x 24 x 356 = $42 / annum
–IPv6 is now free of charge
•Netflix
–Delivery via IPv6 since 2021
•Business case for IPv6
–“If you don’t have IPv6 on your edge, you’re penalizing your customers”.
–“What I want is a simple flat network that’s just transport, and NATs have
broken that model” –Donavan Fritz, 2021

27. 2727
Latency: IPv4 v IPv6 in Viet Nam
12ms
1ms
4.3ms
-5.5ms
3.7ms
2.8ms
6.8ms
-12.5ms

28. 2828
Follow the leaders
•USA
–DoD and DoCtransitions to be completed EOY 2025
•China, Viet Nam
–100% national deployment by EOY 2025
•Czech Republic
–100% government services on IPv6 only from 6/6/2032
•India
–All government networks enable IPv6 during 2024

29. 29
Finally…

30. 3030
The benefits…
•IP Address supply and cost
•Latency
•Address management
–“set and forget” address planning
–Ready for merger or acquisition
•Future proof
–Growth
–Innovation
–Risk mitigation (IPv4 swamp)

31. 31

32. 32
3
2

33. 33
3
3

34. 3434

35. 3535
Where are we on the IPv6 curve?
3
5
0%
100%
?

36. 3636
Where are YOU on the IPv6 curve?
3
6
0%
100%
?

37. 3737
Coming up… APNIC 58
•Wellington, New Zealand, with Pacific IGF
–Workshops: 30 August to 2 September
–Conference: 4 to 6 September 2024
–Fellowships available!
https://conference.apnic.net/58

38. 38
That’s all folks!
Questions?
https://www.apnic.net/ipv6
IPv6 at APNIC