Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory.pptx

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1. Dorothea orem : The self-care deficit theory Presented by: Leo Franco B. Baldoza Rhoan Jwyneth Palma

2. Dorothea Elizabeth orem Born: July 15, 1914 in Baltimore, Maryland Died: June 22, 2007 in Savannah, Georgia American nursing theorist Developed the ‘Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory’ known as the ‘ Orem Model of Nursing’ She worked as a staff nurse, private nurse, nurse educator and administrator, and nurse consultant. Her clinical practice included staff nurse in the operating room, pediatrics and adult medical surgical units. She also did private-duty nursing in private homes and the hospital and was an emergency room supervisor.

3. Dorothea Elizabeth orem She occupied important nursing positions, like the directorship of both the nursing school and the nursing department at Providence Hospital, Detroit, from 1940 to 1949 She also taught biological sciences and nursing from 1939 to 1941 She served as Assistant Professor at the Catholic University of America from 1959 to 1964, Associate Professor from 1964 to 1970, and Dean of the School of Nursing from 1965 to 1966. She also served as curriculum consultant to the Office of Education, United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Practical Nurse Section in 1958, 1959, and 1960, to the Division of Hospital and Institutional Services, The Indiana State Board of Health from 1949 to 1957, and to the Center for Experimentation and Development in Nursing, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1969-1971, and to the Director of Nursing, Wilmer Clinic, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1975-1976.

4. Dorothea Elizabeth orem EDUCATION: In the early 1930’s she earned her nursing diploma from the Providence Hospital School of Nursing in Washing ton D.C. She attended Seton High School in Baltimore and graduated in 1931 . She received a diploma from Providence Hospital School of Nursing in Washington, D.C. in 1934 . Received several honorary degrees 1939 – she completed Bachelor of Science in Nursing Education from Catholic University of America Washington D.C. 1945 – Master of Science in Nursing Education from Catholic University of America Washington D.C.

5. Dorothea Elizabeth orem 1958 – she was the consultant to the office of education where she began working on her self-care theory. 1976 – honorary Doctorate of Science from Georgetown University. 1980 – Incarnate Word College 1988 – honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from Illinois Wesleyan University 1998 – Doctorate Honoris Causa from the University of Missuori in Columbia

6. Dorothea Elizabeth orem AWARDS: 1980 – The Catholic University of America Alumni Achievement Award for Nursing Theory 1991 – she received Linda Richards Award from National League for Nursing 1992 – received honorary fellow of the American Academy of Nursing She also received accolades for her contributions to nursing, including honorary degrees from Georgetown University, Incarnate Word College, Illinois Wesleyan University, and the University of Missouri-Columbia. She was inducted into the American Academy of Nursing and received awards from the National League for Nursing and the Sigma Theta Tau Nursing Honor Society.

7. Dorothea Elizabeth orem PUBLICATIONS: 1959 – first published her theory “Guidelines for Developing Curricula For the Education of Practical Nurse” . 1962 – The Hope of Nursing 1971 – Nursing: Concept and Practices 1972 – Concept Formalization in Nursing: Process and Product. 1979 – Levels of nursing education and practice. The second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth edition of Nursing: Concepts of practice were published in 1980,1985, 1991. 1995, and 2001 respectively.   1 st edition: focus on individual. (1971)

8. Dorothea Elizabeth orem 2 nd edition: include multiperson units (families, groups, and communities). (1980) 3 rd edition: Orem’s general theory of nursing, comprised of three related theoretical constructs: self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing system. (1985) 4 th edition: fully developed the ideas presented. (1991) 5 th edition: provided an increased emphasis on multiperson situation. (1995) 6 th edition: continued development of Orem’s ideas (2001)

9. Dorothea Elizabeth orem Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory defined Nursing as  “The act of assisting others in the provision and management of self-care to maintain or improve human functioning at the home level of effectiveness.”  It focuses on each individual’s ability to perform self-care, defined as  “the practice of activities that individuals initiate and perform on their own behalf in maintaining life, health, and well-being.”

10. concepts NURSING Nursing is an art through which the practitioner of nursing gives specialized assistance to persons with disabilities, making more than ordinary assistance necessary to meet self-care needs. The nurse also intelligently participates in the medical care the individual receives from the physician. HEALTH Health is “being structurally and functionally whole or sound.” Also, health is a state that encompasses both the health of individuals and groups, and human health is the ability to reflect on oneself, symbolize experience, and communicate with others .

11. concepts HUMANS Humans are defined as “men, women, and children cared for either singly or as social units” and are the “material object” of nurses and others who provide direct care. ENVIRONMENT The environment has physical, chemical, and biological features. It includes the family, culture, and community.

12. concepts Orem’s theory changed to fit the times, most notably in the concept of the individual and of the nursing system. She delineated three nested theories: Theory of self-care Theory of self-care deficit Theory of nursing systems

13. concepts I. SELF CARE Activity of person on their own in maintaining their health and well-being When there is demand to care for oneself and that individual is capable to meet that demand, self-care is possible KEY POINTS: Therapeutic self-care demand- nurse’s assistance in meeting the client or client dependent’s self-care needs is done therapeutically as a result of the client’s inability to calculate or to meet therapeutic self-care needs. Self-care agency- the complex acquired ability to meet one's continuing requirements for care that regulates life processes, maintains and promotes integrity of human structure and functioning and human development, and promotes well- being (Orem, 1991).

14. concepts Self-care requisites- part of self-care; expressions of actions to be performed by or for individuals in the interest of controlling human or environmental factors that affect human functioning or development. Three types: Universal self-care requisites- self-care requisites common to all humans Developmental self-care requisites- self-care requisites necessary for growth and development. Health deviation self-care requisites- self-care requisites associated with health deficits.

15. concepts II. SELF-CARE DEFICIT When individual is not capable to meet the demand of care for self, self-care deficit occurs This is the key to Orem’s theory Nursing is required in self-care deficit to guide in meeting the demand of a client. 5 Methods : Acting for or doing for patient Teaching patient Directing patient Supporting patient Providing environment for patient

16. concepts III. NURSING SYSTEM Addresses and plans how needs of the patient can be met by the nurse, patient and/or both. The product of a series of relations between the persons: legitimate nurse and legitimate client . This system is activated when the client’s therapeutic self-care demand exceeds available self-care agency, leading to the need for nursing. Three types: Wholly compensatory system- patients are not capable to perform self-care Partly compensatory system- limited mobility due to illness Supportive\educative system- patient is capable of learning to perform the process

17. concepts KEY POINTS: Deliberate action- action knowingly taken with some motivation or some outcome sought by the person, as self-care or dependent care. Product of nursing- Nursing has two products: an intellectual product (the design for helping the client) and a system of care of long or short duration for persons requiring nursing.

18. Conceptual framework

19. relationships An underlying premise of Orem’s theory are: The belief that humans engage in continuous communication and interchange among themselves and their environments to remain alive and to function. Mature human beings experience privations in the form of action in care of self and others involving making life-sustaining and function-regulating actions. Groups of human beings with structured relationships cluster tasks and allocate responsibilities for providing care to group members who experience privations for making required deliberate decisions about self and others.

20. Purpose of the theory To help and promote patient to perform self-care Patient can recover faster if they are encouraged to perform self-care tasks to maintain their health and well-being Theory can apply to all types of nursing ex: rehab, primary care settings, nursing home and elders.

21. Value 1. Practical applicability Ex. Patients with a stroke can have extensive self-care limitations . 2. Realistic reflection Serves as a commentary to the nursing science

22. " A person under the care of a nurse; a total being with universal, developmental and health deviation needs who is capable of self care."

23. references Gonzalo, A. B. (2021b, March 5). Dorothea Orem: Self-Care Deficit Theory . Nurseslabs . Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://nurseslabs.com/dorothea-orems-self-care-theory/ Twining, A. (n.d.). Dorothea Orem . prezi.com. Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://prezi.com/v8dsmyab8ib6/dorothea-orem/ View of Conceptual analysis of self-care agency | Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing . (n.d.). Retrieved October 16, 2022, from https://www.objnursing.uff.br/index.php/nursing/article/view/4811/html_413 McEwen, M., & Wills, E. M. (2018).  Theoretical basis for nursing  (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.