Self concept 2024. FON II Bs Nursing PDF

Nursing FON II

2. SelfConcept&SelfPerception
MuhammadBaqarClinicalInstructor
C.O.N.Sukkur

3. Outlines
•Attheendofthisunit,learnerswillbeableto:
1.Defineselfperception/selfconceptpattern.
2.Describethefunctionsofselfandselfconcept
3.Discusshowselfconceptdevelopsthroughoutthelifespan
4.Discussfactorsthatcaneffectselfconcept
5.Identifypossiblemanifestationofalteredself concept
6.Applynursingprocessfor apersonwithanalteredselfconcepts.

4. SELF CONCEPT/SELFPERCEPTION
PATTERN
•Describesself-conceptpatternand
perceptionsofself.

5. SELF-PERCEPTION
•Ishowapersonexplainsbehavior
basedonself-observation.

6. SELF -CONCEPT
•Self-conceptisthementalimagethatonehasofoneself.
•WhoamI?”
•It is subjective and a complex mixture of conscious and
unconsciousthoughts, attitudes,andperceptionsthata
personhasabouthisorherownidentity.
•Canbepositiveornegative

7. SELFCONCEPT
•Thedevelopmentofself-conceptandself-esteemis
alifelongprocess
•Beginninginearlychildhoodandcontinuingacross
thelifespan
•Ingeneral,self-conceptandselfesteemlevelsare:
Highinchildhood,
Decreaseinadolescence,
Risegraduallythroughoutadulthood,
Peakatabout50to60years,and
Thendeclineinoldage

8. CHARACTERISTICSOFAPOSITIVESELFCONCEPT
•Self-Acceptance
•Self-confidence
•Ability to accept criticism and not become
defensive
•Realistic Self-Perception
•Self-Respect
•Openness to Growth
•Settingobtainablegoals
•Willingnesstotakerisksandtrynew
experiences

9. FUNCTIONSOFSELF
Fourmainfunctions
SelfKnowledge
•Thewayweunderstandwhoweareandorganizethis
information
SelfControl
•Thewaywemakeplansandexecutedecisions
ImpressionManagement
•Thewaywepresentourselvestoothersandgetthemto
seeusaswewanttobeseen
SelfEsteem
•Thewaywemaintainpositiveviewsofourselves

10. Functions of Self-Concept
•Self-Evaluation
•Social Comparison
•Predicting and Understanding Behavior
•Cognitive Consistency
•Personal Growth and Development

11. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUT
THELIFESPAN
•Involvesmanyfactors.ErikErikson'spsychosocial
theoryofdevelopment(1963).
•Individualsfaceatvariousstagesofdevelopment
•Eachstagebuildsonthe tasksofthe previous
stage,and successfulmasteryofeach stageleads
toapositivesenseofself

12. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUTTHE
LIFESPAN
TrustVersusMistrust(BirthtoAge1Year)
•Developstrustfromregularityincaregivingandnurturing
interactionsofparentsandothers
•Differentiatesselffromenvironment

13. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUT
THELIFESPAN
AutonomyVersusShameandDoubt(Ages1to3Years)
•Beginstocommunicatelikesanddislikes
•Isincreasinglyautonomousinthoughtsandactions
•Appreciatesbodyappearanceandfunction
•Developsselfthroughmodelling,imitation,and
socialization.

14. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUT
THELIFESPAN
InitiativeVersusGuilt(Ages3to6Years)
•Takesinitiative
•Identifieswithagender
•Gainsenhancedself-awareness
•Increaseslanguageskills,includingidentificationoffeelings
•Issensitivetofamilyfeedback

15. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUT
THELIFESPAN
IndustryVersusInferiority(Ages6to12Years)
•Incorporatesfeedbackfrompeersandteachers
•Increasesself-esteemwithnewskillmastery(e.g.,
reading,math,sports,music)
•Experiencesstrengtheningofsexualidentity
•Isawareofstrengthsandlimitations

16. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUT
THELIFESPAN
IdentityVersusRoleConfusion(Ages12to20Years)
•Acceptsbodychangesandmaturation
•Examinesattitudes,values,andbeliefs;
•establishesgoalsforthefuture
•Feelspositiveaboutexpandedsenseofself
•Interactswithpeoplewhomheorshefinds sexually
attractiveorintellectuallystimulating

17. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUT
THELIFESPAN
IntimacyVersusIsolation(AgesMid-20stoMid-40s)
•Hascloserelationshipswithfamilyandsignificant
others
•Hasstable,positivefeelingsaboutself
•Experiencessuccessfulrolechangesand
•Increasedresponsibilities

18. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUT
THELIFESPAN
GenerativityVersusSelf-Absorption(AgesMid-40stoMid-60s)
•Acceptschangesinappearanceandphysical
strength
•Reassesseslifegoals
•Showssatisfactionwithaging

19. SELF-CONCEPTDEVELOPSTHROUGHOUT
THELIFESPAN
EgoIntegrityVersusDespair(AgesLate60sandOlder)
•Feelspositiveaboutownlifeanditsmeaning
•Isinterestedinprovidingainheritanceforthenext
generation

20. FACTORSTHATCANEFFECTSELFCONCEPT

21. COMPONENTSOFSELFCONCEPT
SELFCONCEPT
IDENTITY BODYIMAGE
ROLE
PERFORMANCE
SELFESTEEM

22. IDENTITY
•Identityisanorganizingprincipleoftheself,the
awarenessthat:
•Oneisadistinctindividualseparatefromothers.
•Person’sname,gender,ethnicidentity,familystatus,
occupation,androles

23. IDENTITYISINFLUENCEDBY
•Age
•Gender
•Sexuality
•Socialclass
•EthnicityandCulture.

24. BODYIMAGE
•Bodyimageinvolvesattitudesrelatedtothebody,
includingphysicalappearance,structure,orfunction.
•Feelings about body image include those related to
sexuality,femininityandmasculinity,health,andstrength.

25. BODY IMAGEIS INFLUENCEDBY
•Cognitivegrowthandphysicaldevelopment
•Psychological
•Physicalchanges
•Bodydissatisfaction
•Thewayotherpeopleviewaperson'sbodyandthe
feedback

26. BODY IMAGEIS INFLUENCEDBY
•Aging
•Culturaland socialattitudesand values
•An individual's appearance influences self-
concept
•Media
•Physicalchanges

27. ROLEPERFORMANCE
•It isthewayinwhichindividualsperceivetheirability
tocarryoutsignificantroles.
•Commonrolesincludeparent,child,spouse,
employee,andstudent.
•Idealsocialrolebehaviors areoftenhardtoachieve
inreallife.
•Successful adultslearntodistinguishbetweenideal
roleexpectationsandrealisticpossibilities

28. TERMS
Roleambiguity
•Occurs when expectation unclear, and peopledo not know
whatto doorhowto doitandunableto predictthereactions
ofotherto theirbehavior.
Rolestrain
•Are frustrated because they feel or are madeto feel
inadequateorunsuitedtoa role.Oftenassociatedwithsex
rolestereotype.
•Example, women in occupations traditionallyheld by men
mightbetreatedas havinglessknowledgeandcompetence
thanmeninthesamerole

29. TERMS
Rolemastery
•Meansthattheperson’sbehaviorsmeetsocial
expectations.
•Expectations,orstandardsofbehaviorofa role,are setby
society, a culturalgroup, or a smaller group to which a
personbelongs

30. Roleconflict
•Arisefromopposingorincompatibleexpectation.

32. SELFESTEEM
•Isone’sjudgmentofone’sownworth
•Selfesteemreferstohowpeoplefeel aboutthemselves.
•Twosourcesforesteemareselfandothers.
•Apersondevelopshighself-esteemwhenheorShe
receivespositivefeedbackfrombothSelf andothers.
PositiveFeedback
Inselfevaluation
PositiveImageas
FeedbackFromothers
Highself-esteem

33. Thetwotypesofself-esteemareglobalandspecific
Globalself-esteem
•Ishowmuchonelikes
oneselfasawhole.
•Global self-esteem is
influencedbyspecificself-
esteem
Specificself-esteem
•Ishowmuchoneapproves
ofacertainpartofoneself.

34. ASSESSMENT
•Subjective Data: Obtain subjective information directly
from the patient regarding their :
Perception of self,
Feelings of self-worth,
Body image, and
any changes they have noticed.

35. ASSESSMENT
•Objective Data: Gather objective data through
observation and assessment of the patient's:
Behavior,
Interactions with others,
Non-verbal cues, and
Any physical manifestations of altered self-concept
(e.g., withdrawn behavior, poor eye contact, negative self-talk).

36. Manifestations of altered self-concept
•Low Self-Esteem
•Negative Body Image
•Identity Confusion
•Impaired Self-Identity
•Social Withdrawal or Isolation
•Perfectionism or Self-Criticism
•Depression or Anxiety
•Substance Abuse or Self-Harm
•Difficulty in Relationships
•Avoidance of Personal Growth Opportunities

37. BEHAVIOURS SUGGESTIVE OFALTEREDSELF-CONCEPT
•Avoidanceofeyecontact
•Slumpedposture
•Untidyappearance
•BeingoverlyhesitantShy
speech
•Beingoverlycriticalor
angry
•Frequentorinappropriate
crying
•Negativeself-evaluation
•Beingextremelydependent
•Hesitancyinexpressingviewsor
opinions
•Lackofinterestinwhatis
happening
•Passiveattitude
•Difficultyinmakingdecisions

38. ASSESSMENTQUESTIONS
Identity
•Howwouldyou describeyourself?
•How would you describe your personal
characteristics?or
•Howdoyouseeyourselfasa person?
•Howdoothersdescribeyou asaperson?
•Whatdoyoulikeaboutyourself?

39. ASSESSMENTQUESTIONS
Identity
•Howwouldyou describeyourself?
•How would you describe your personal
characteristics?or
•Howdoyouseeyourselfasa person?
•Howdoothersdescribeyou asaperson?
•Whatdoyoulikeaboutyourself?

40. ASSESSMENTQUESTIONS
Identity
•Whatdoyou dowell?
•Whatareyourpersonalstrengths,
talents,and abilities?
•Whatwouldyouchangeaboutyourselfifyou
could?
•Doesitanxietyyouagreatdealifyouthink
someonedoesn’tlikeyou?

41. ASSESSMENTQUESTIONS
BodyImage
•Whataspectsofyourappearancedoyoulike?”
•Wouldyouliketochangeanyaspectsof
•yourappearance?
•Ifyes,describethechangesyouwouldmake.”
•Isthereanypartofyourbodyyouwouldliketo
change?
•Areyoucomfortablediscussingyoursurgery?

42. ASSESSMENTQUESTIONS
BodyImage
•Doyoufeeldifferentorinferiortoothers?
•Howdoyou feelaboutyour
appearance?
•Whatchanges inyourbodydoyouexpect
followingyoursurgery?
•Howhavesignificantothersinyourlifereactedto
changesinyourbody?

43. ASSESSMENTQUESTIONS
Self-Esteem
•Tellmeaboutthethingsyoudothatmakeyou
feelgoodaboutyourself.
•Are yousatisfiedwithyourlife?
•Howdoyoufeelaboutyourself?
•Areyouaccomplishingwhatyouwant?
•Whatgoalsinlifeare importanttoyou?
•Howdoyou feelaboutyourself?

44. ASSESSMENTQUESTIONS
•RolePerformance
•Tellmeaboutyourprimaryroles(e.g.,partner,
parent,friend,sister,employee,volunteer).
•Howeffectiveareyouat carryingouteachofthese
roles?”
•Whatareyourresponsibilitiesinthe family?
•Whataboutyourroleorresponsibilitieswouldyoulike
changed?
•Areyouproudofyourfamilymembers?
•Doyoufeelyourfamilymembersareproudofyou?

45. NURSINGDIAGNOSIS
•Disturbedbodyimage relatedtonegativethoughts and
feelingsto actualchangeinbody.
•Caregiverrolestrain
•Disturbedpersonalidentity
•Ineffectiveroleperformance
•Chroniclowself-esteem
•Situationallowself-esteem
•Riskforsituationallowself-esteem
•Readinessforenhancedself-concept

46. OUTCOMEIDENTIFICATIONANDPLANNING
•Youshoulddevelopanindividualizedplanofcarefor each
nursingdiagnosis.
•Goals should be specific, measurable, achievable,
relevant, and time-bound (SMART).
•Thenursedevelopsplansincollaboration
withtheclientandsupport peoplewhenpossible.
•Plan must be according to the client’s state ofhealth, level of
anxiety,resources,copingmechanisms,andsociocultural
andreligiousaffiliation

47. OUTCOMEIDENTIFICATIONANDPLANNING
•The nursewho haslittleexperiencein caringfor
clientswith alteredself-conceptmaywishtoconsult
withamoreexperiencednurse to develop effective
plans.
•The nurseandclientsetgoalstoenhancetheclient’s
self-concept
•Thegoalsestablishedwillvaryaccordingtothe
diagnosesanddefiningcharacteristicsrelatedto
eachindividual

48. IMPLEMENTATION
•Therapeuticnurse–clientrelationshipiscentraltothe
implementationphase.
•Considernursing interventionstopromoteahealthyself-
concept andhelp the client move toward achievingthe
goals.
•Todevelopeffectivenursinginterventions
•Itis importanttoworkwithclientsandtheirfamiliesor
significant otherstopromoteahealthy self-concept.

49. IMPLEMENTATION
•ILIKEME
•Thememorytrick“ILIKEME”listsnursinginterventionsto
promote apositiveself-conceptinclients:
•I =Identifyclient’sstrengths.
•L=Listentotheclient’sself-description.
•I =Involvetheclientindecisionmaking.
•K=Keepgoalsrealistic.
•E=Encourageclienttothinkpositively.
•M=Maintainanenvironmentfavorabletoclientself-expression.
•E=Explaintotheclienthowtousepositiveselftalkinsteadof
negativeself-talk.

50. EVALUATION
ClientCare
•Criticalthinkingisneededtoevaluatesuccessin
meetingeachclient'sgoal.
•Frequentevaluationof clientprogressisrecommended
•Useknowledgeofbehaviorsandcharacteristicsofa
healthyself-conceptwhen you review the client's
behaviors.

51. EVALUATION
•Evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions in
achieving the established goals and outcomes.
•Reassess the patient's self-concept and related factors to
determine if there have been any improvements or
changes.
•Modify the plan of care as needed based on the patient's
response and ongoing assessment data.
Provide ongoing support, education, and follow-up to
promote continued progress and psychological well-being.

53. CONCLUSION
•A positiveself-conceptisimportantin achievinghappiness,success,
andahealthyselfidentity
•Thefourmaincomponentsofself-conceptare identity,bodyimage,
self-esteem,and roleperformance
•Eachdevelopmentalstageinvolvesfactorsthatareimportantto
developingahealthy,positiveself-concept.
•factorsaffectingself-conceptincludelifeexperiences,heredityand
culture,valuesandbeliefs,stressandcoping,healthstatus,and
developmentalstage.
•A varietyofactivitiesareavailableforthenursetoteachthe client
topromoteapositiveself-concept

54. References
•Wilkinson, Leslie S., J. M., & Barnett, Mable H.Smith, T.K. L.
(2015,March23).FundamentalofNursing:Vol.2(Third
edition).F.A.DavisCompany.
•Faan,P.M.R.P.P.A.,Faan,P.A.R. E.G.,BsnMs,S.P.R.,PhD,
Cne,H.A.R.B. M.P.,PhDRn,B.A.J.,&Aocn,D.W.R.P.
•(2018).CanadianFundamentalsofNursing(6thed.).Mosby.
•Berman,A.T.,&Snyder,S.(2019).Kozier&Erb’sFundamentals
ofNursing(9thEdition) .Pearson.

55. •THANKYOUFORLISTENINGCAREFULLY