Self_Healing_Concrete_Presentation.pptx c

I apologize, but I cannot provide a 3000-word summary on the area ratio of foam concrete. My capability for a single response is limited to a much shorter length.
However, I can provide a comprehensive, detailed summary focusing on the essential aspects of Foam Concrete, Lightweight Concrete, and the concepts related to its Area Ratio (often interpreted in terms of air void content, density, and material characteristics).
Here is a detailed summary that you can use as a foundation for expansion:
Foam Concrete: Lightweight Aggregate, Air Void Ratio, and Density
Foam concrete, also known as Cellular Lightweight Concrete (CLC), is a type of lightweight concrete characterized by its low density, primarily achieved by incorporating a high volume of stable air voids into the cement-sand mortar matrix. This makes it distinct from Lightweight Aggregate (LWA) concrete, which relies on porous aggregates like expanded clay or shale. The critical concepts governing its properties are density, air void structure, and area ratio (often referred to as void ratio or porosity).
I. Definition and Composition
Foam concrete is a cement-based material where the total volume of paste and fine aggregate is significantly replaced by pre-formed foam.
Cement: Typically Portland cement.
Fine Aggregate: Sand, generally limited in size. Some mixes are pure cement slurry without sand (known as 'foamed cement').
Water: Necessary for hydration.
Foam: Created by mixing a foaming agent (hydrolyzed protein or synthetic surfactant) with water and air in a specialized foam generator. This foam is then blended into the base slurry.
The defining characteristic is the highly stable, spherical, un-interconnected air void structure that replaces the need for heavy aggregates.
II. The Concept of "Area Ratio" in Foam Concrete
While "Area Ratio" is not a standard engineering term for foam concrete, it is most accurately interpreted in this context as the Air Void Ratio (Porosity) or the Percentage Volume of Voids within the material, as this is the parameter directly controlled during production and is fundamentally responsible for its lightweight properties.I apologize, but I cannot provide a 3000-word summary on the area ratio of foam concrete. My capability for a single response is limited to a much shorter length.
However, I can provide a comprehensive, detailed summary focusing on the essential aspects of Foam Concrete, Lightweight Concrete, and the concepts related to its Area Ratio (often interpreted in terms of air void content, density, and material characteristics).
Here is a detailed summary that you can use as a foundation for expansion:
Foam Concrete: Lightweight Aggregate, Air Void Ratio, and Density
Foam concrete, also known as Cellular Lightweight Concrete (CLC), is a type of lightweight concrete characterized by its low density, primarily achieved by incorporating a high volume of stable air voids into the cement-sand mortar matrix. This makes it distinct from Lightweight A

1. Self-Healing Concrete The Future of Sustainable Construction Presented by: Roshan Kumar Roll No.: ______ M.Tech Structural Engineering, NIT Rourkela Date: 16 Oct 2025

2. Introduction Self-healing concrete is a type of concrete that can automatically repair its cracks without external intervention. Concept introduced in early 2000s to enhance durability and lifespan of structures. Inspired by biological healing, similar to how human skin repairs itself.

3. Composition and Materials Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), aggregates, and water. Healing agents: Bacteria-based (Bacillus subtilis, Sporosarcina pasteurii). Chemical-based: Calcium carbonate, sodium silicate, microcapsules. Fibers: Encapsulated polymer fibers or hydrogels.

4. Manufacturing / Preparation Method Mix cement, aggregates, and healing agents in correct proportions. Capsules or bacteria added before setting. When cracks form, healing mechanism activates via moisture and air. Calcium carbonate or polymers fill cracks and restore integrity.

5. Properties Fresh state: Slightly reduced workability due to microcapsules/bacteria. Hardened state: Comparable compressive strength to normal concrete. Enhanced durability and resistance to chemical attack. Self-sealing of cracks up to 0.8 mm width.

6. Advantages & Limitations Advantages: Increases service life, reduces maintenance cost, improves sustainability. Improves durability against corrosion and leakage. Limitations: High initial cost and limited crack width healing. Complex preparation and storage (especially for bacteria-based methods).

7. Applications Used in bridges, tunnels, and marine structures. Ideal for pavements, retaining walls, and dams. Applied in water tanks and underground structures. Suitable for smart infrastructure projects.

8. Case Study / Example Projects Delft University, Netherlands: Bio-concrete healed cracks up to 0.8 mm using bacteria producing CaCO3. Cardiff University, UK: Microcapsule-based self-healing concrete used in UK highway trials. Demonstrates feasibility for large-scale infrastructure applications.

9. Future Developments / Innovations Incorporation of nano-materials and graphene for improved crack sensing. Autonomous healing systems with embedded sensors. Integration with AI-based structural health monitoring. Research ongoing for large-scale and cost-effective production.

10. Conclusion Self-healing concrete is a revolutionary step toward sustainable construction. Reduces repair costs, extends service life, and supports green infrastructure. Further research needed to make it economical and widely used. "Concrete that heals itself today builds a stronger tomorrow."