SEMINAR ON PLUERAL EFFUSION BY SANJANA AAGATE

PRESENTED BY- SANJANA AAGATE
PLUERAL EFFUSION,

1. PLEURAL EFFUSION PRESENTED BY, SANJANA AAGATE

2. INTRODUCTION Pleural effusion, a collection of fluid in the pleural space, is rarely a primary disease process but is usually secondary to other diseases. The pleural space normally contains only about 10-20 ml of serous fluid.

3. Conti…. Pleural fluid normally seeps continually into the pleural space from the capillaries lining the parietal pleura and is reabsorbed by visceral pleural capillaries and lymphatic system. Any condition that interferes with either secretion or drainage of this leads to pleural effusion.

4. DEFINITION Pleural effusion is a collection of abnormal amount of fluid in the pleural space.

5. CLASSIFICATION Transudative effusion Exudative effusion

6. Conti…. Transudative effusion – Accumulation of clear or pale yellow fluid in pleural space low protein and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content. Exudative effusion – Accumulation of cloudy or bloody fluid in the pleural space with high protein and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content.

7. ETIOLOGY Heart failure Pneumonia Tuberculosis Lung cancer Pulmonary embolism Trauma or injury Infection

8. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION Shortness of breath Chest pain or discomfort Cough Fatigue Weight loss Swelling in the legs or feet

9. MANAGEMENT The objectives of treatment are to discover the underlying cause, to prevent re-accumulation of fluid, and to relieve discomfort, dyspnea, and respiratory compromise. General Treatment is aimed at underlying cause (heart disease, infection). Thoracentesis is done to remove fluid, collect a specimen, and relieve dyspnea

10. NURSING DIAGNOSIS Ineffective Breathing Pattern related to collection of fluid in pleural space

11. NURSING INTERVENTION Maintaining Normal Breathing Pattern. Institute treatments to resolve the underlying cause as ordered. Assist with thoracentesis if indicated. Maintain chest drainage as needed. Provide care after pleurodesis. n.

12. Conti…. 5. Monitor for excessive pain from the sclerosing agent, which may cause hypoventilation. 6. Administer prescribed analgesic. 7. Assist patient undergoing instillation of intrapleural lidocaine if pain relief is not forthcoming. 8. Administer oxygen as indicated by dyspnea and hypoxemia. 9. Observe patient's breathing pattern, oxygen saturation

13. SUMMARY Here I summarise my topic as we have seen about pleural effusion – definition, types, etiology, clinical manifestation, pathophysiology, diagnostic evaluation, nursing management and surgical intervention.

14. CONCLUSION Here I conclude my topic as we have seen about pleural effusion – definition, types, etiology, clinical manifestation, pathophysiology, diagnostic evaluation, nursing management and surgical intervention.

15. ASSIGNMENT What will be the nursing intervention after post operative surgery?