Semiology (Internal medicine) lectures for MD students

Semiology (Internal medicine)

1. نییبنلا متاخ هاگشناد(ص)
یملع تنواعم-یسیردت
هدکشناد :تنمتراپید یوجلاعم بط : هلخاد
نومضم :سرد ناونع یژولویمس:یسفنت متسیس ضارما ضارعا
داتسا :هسلج یزاین للها فیس رتکد :مود

2. میحرلا نمحرلا الله مسب

3. Objects:
Symptoms of respiratory system disorder

4. Symptoms:
Cough
Sputum
Hemoptysis
Chest pain
Dyspnea
Wheezing
Cyanosis
Clubbing

5. Cough:
•Mechanism of cough
•Etiology :
1.Inflammatory stimuli
2.Mechanical
3.Chemical
4.Terminal

6. Expectoration:
Character of sputum:
I.Mucopurulent sputum
II.Purulent sputum
III.Mucoid sputum
IV.Serous sputum

7. Hemoptysis :
Causes of hemoptysis :
I.Inflammatory
II.Vascular
III.Neoplastic
IV.Traumatic
V.Hemorrhagic

8. Chest pain:
Types of pain:
a.Upper retrosternal pain
b.Retrosternal pain
c.Pleuritic chest pain
Note: Focus on: location,severity,radiation,durationand
quality of pain

9. Dyspnea :
Mechanism : stimulation of receptors:
I.Local factors
II.Systemic factors

10. Etiology:
1.Over action of ventilation
2.Over action of respiration
3.Weakness of respiratory muscles
4.Miscellaneous factors

11. Cyanosis :
Types of cyanosis
1.Peripheral cyanosis
2.Central cyanosis

12. Clubbing:

13. The end