SENSORY deprivation anp msc nursing .pptx

sensory deprivation

1. Presentation on: SENSORY DEPRIVATION

2. INTRODUCTION: An individual’s senses are essential for growth and development and survival. Sensory stimuli give meaning to events in the environment. Any alteration in people’s sensory functions can affect their ability to function within the environment. People are unique because they are able to sense of variety of meaningful stimuli. Allow a person to learn about the environment and are necessary for healthy functioning and normal development.

3. CONT…. SENSATION: T he conscious and unconscious awareness of external and internal stimuli. PERCEPTION: The conscious awareness and the interpretation of meaning of sensation.

4. DEFINITION: - Acc. To Houghton Miffin company; ‘ The reduction or absence of usual external stimuli or perceptual opportunities, commonly resulting in psychological distress or and sometimes unpleasant hallucinations.’ OR Diminution or absence of usual external stimuli or perceptual experiences is called sensory deprivation.

5. COMPONENTS OF THE SENSORY EXPERIENCE : SENSORY RECEPTION: External stimuli : It occurs when an external stimuli such as touch approaches and body responds accordingly. E.g. may be flexion or extension. Internal stimuli : It is of further 2 types: Kinesthetic : It is related to position and movement of body parts in response to stimuli. Visceral : It refers to any large organ within the body . e.g. when a person eats the food, then he recognizes the feeling of full stomach.

6. CONT… 2. SENSORY PERCEPTION: It refers to the ability of brain to interpret the object which he receives.

7. ASPECTS OF SENSORY PROCESS: STIMULUS RECEPTORS PERCEPTION

8. CONT… Stimulus : It is an act or any agent that stimulates a nerve receptors . Receptors : The impulse travels along the nerve pathway to spinal cord or directly to the brain via ascending sensory tract to reach the RAS , then certain nerve impulse travels to the cerebral cortex where they get perceived. - Perception : In perception , awareness and interpretation of stimuli take place. It occurs through specialized brain cells that interpret the nature and quality of sensory stimuli

9. FACTORS AFFECTING SENSATION /PERCEPTION: Developmental factor : Vision in the newborn develops during the first year. Visual acuity decreases after the age of 60 years. Hearing is most acute at 10 years of age. By the age of 65 years , about 55% has some hearing loss. Persons older than 60 years have some loss of taste. There is a decline in smell after the age of 70 years.

10. CONT… Social : People with sensory problems will have less social interactions. A deaf person will have less social interaction and verbal communication. Sensory impaired children will have low self-esteem and less communication initiative compared to normal children. Sensation or perception is affected by restricted, unstimulating environment.

11. CONT… Lifestyle: The amount and quality of sensory information that a person feels comfortable in processing or based on his or her work and free habits. Some people may prefer quiet environment while others derive energy and productivity from other activity around. Occupational: Type of occupation and occupational environment affect the sensory perception. People who were exposed to loud noise for a prolonged period may develop hearing problems.

12. MANAGEMENT OF SENSORY DEPRIVATION: VISUAL STIMULATION: Eye glasses with proper prescription Adequate room lighting, drapes open Sunglasses or window shades to reduce glare Literature with large prints. Uncluttered environment. clock with large number magnifying glass.

13. CONT… AUDITORY STIMULATION  Call person by name Conversation that communicates caring as well as orients patient Reading to the patient Television, radio.

14. CONT… TACTILE STIMULATION   Backrubs Foot soaks Turning and repositioning Hugs Passive range-of-motion exercises Touching of arms or shoulders Hair brushing, combing, washing

15. CONCLUSION:   Sensory deprivation is a state where the senses are deprived of stimulation totally or severely, e.g. where the subject is placed in a sound proof room, with no light at all, and no touch sensations. Sensory Deprivation is a condition in which aperson experiences decreased sensory input or input that is monotonous, unpatterned , or meaningless. It can be caused by physiological, motor, or environmental disruptions. There are many components and aspects of sensory perceptions. Types of sensory deprivation are auditory, visual and tactile.