Separate Financial Statements by CA Alok Garg

1. Ind AS 27
Separate Financial Statements
Presented By: CA Alok Garg
ICAI Certificate Course on IFRS

2. TheobjectiveofthisIndASistoprescribetheaccounting
anddisclosurerequirements:
forinvestmentsinsubsidiaries,jointventuresand
associateswhenanentitypreparesseparatefinancial
statements
Objective

3. Scope
ThisStandardshallbeappliedinaccountingforinvestmentsin
subsidiaries,jointventuresandassociateswhenanentityelects,
orisrequiredbylaw,topresentseparatefinancialstatements.
ThisStandarddoesnotmandatewhichentitiesproduceSFS.It
applieswhenanentitypreparesSFSthatcomplywithIndian
AccountingStandards.

4. Consolidatedfinancialstatementsarethefinancialstatementsofa
groupinwhichtheassets,liabilities,equity,income,expensesandcash
flowsoftheparentanditssubsidiariesarepresentedasthoseofasingle
economicentity.
Separatefinancialstatementsarethosepresentedbyaparent(i.e.
aninvestorwithcontrolofasubsidiary)oraninvestorwithjoint
controlof,orsignificantinfluenceover,aninvestee,inwhichthe
investmentsareaccountedforatcostorinaccordancewithIndAS109,
FinancialInstruments.
Note : Financial statements in which the equity method is applied are not
separate financial statements. These may be termed as ‘consolidated financial
statements’.
Definitions

5. Preparation of Separate Financial Statements
(Para9)SFSshallbepreparedinaccordancewithallapplicableInd
AS,exceptasprovidedinparagraph10.
(Para10)WhenanentitypreparesSFS,itshallaccountfor
investmentsinsubsidiaries,jointventuresandassociateseither:
(a)atcost,or
(b)inaccordancewithIndAS109.
The entity shall apply the same accounting for
each category of Investments.
An entity shall recognise a dividend from a
subsidiary, a JV or an associate in profit or loss in its SFS when its right to receive the dividend is established.

6. Investments that are classified as held for sale: Investments
accounted for at cost shall be accounted for in accordance with Ind AS 105,
when they are classified as held for sale (or included in a disposal group
that is classified as held for sale).
As per Ind AS 28, If an entity elects, to measure its investments in
associates or JV at FVTPL in accordance with Ind AS 109, it shall also
account for those investments in the same way in its separate financial
statements.
Para 18 of Ind AS 28 gives entities, such as , venture capital organizations,
mutual funds, unit trusts or similar entities, an option to measure their
investment in an associate or joint venture as at fair value through profit or
loss (FVTLP) in accordance with the Ind AS 109, instead of the equity
method.
Preparation of Separate Financial Statements

7. As per Ind AS 110, If a parent is required, to measure its investment in a
subsidiary at FVTPL in accordance with Ind AS 109, it shall also account
for its investment in a subsidiary in the same way in its separate financial
statements.
Para 31 of Ind AS 110, requires an Investment Entity to measure investment in subsidiaries as at FVTPL in accordance with Ind AS 109,
instead of consolidation.
Preparation of Separate Financial Statements

8. What is an Investment Entity?
A parent shall determine whether it is an investment
entity. An investment entity is an entity that:
(a) obtains funds from one or more investorsfor the
purpose of providing those investor(s) with investment
management services;
(b)commits to its investor(s) that its business purpose is
to invest funds solely for returns from capital
appreciation, investment income, or both; and
(c)measures and evaluates the performance of
substantially all of its investments on a fair value basis.
Investment Entity -Separate Financial Statement

9. When a parent ceases to be an investment entity, or becomes an investment
entity, it shall account for the change from the date when the change in
status occurred, as follows:
(a) when an entity ceases to be an investment entity, the entity shall, in
accordance with paragraph 10, either:
(i) account for an investment in a subsidiary at cost. The fair value of the
subsidiary at the date of the change of status shall be used as the deemed
cost at that date; or
(ii) continue to account for an investment in a subsidiary in accordance with
Ind AS 109.
Investment Entity -Separate Financial Statement

10. (b) when an entity becomes an investment entity, it shall account for an
investment in a subsidiary at FVTPL in accordance with Ind AS 109.
The difference between the previous carrying amount of the subsidiary and
its fair value at the date of the change of status of the investor shall be
recognised as a gain or loss in profit or loss.
The cumulative amount of any fair value adjustment previously recognised
in other comprehensive income in respect of those subsidiaries shall be
treated as if the investment entity had disposed of those subsidiaries at the
date of change in status.
Investment Entity -Separate Financial Statement

11. Whenaparent/anentityreorganisesthestructureofitsgroupbyestablishing
anewentityasitsparentinamannerthatsatisfiesthefollowingcriteria:
(a)thenewparentobtainscontroloftheoriginalparentbyissuingequity
instrumentsinexchangeforexistingequityinstrumentsoftheoriginalparent;
(b)theassetsandliabilitiesofthenewgroupandtheoriginalgrouparethesame
immediatelybeforeandafterthereorganisation;and
(c)theownersoftheoriginalparentbeforethereorganisationhavethesame
absoluteandrelativeinterestsinthenetassetsoftheoriginalgroupandthenew
groupimmediatelybeforeandafterthereorganisation,
(d)andthenewparentaccountsforitsinvestmentintheoriginalparentin
accordancewithparagraph10(a)initsseparatefinancialstatements(ieatcost),
thenewparentshallmeasurecostatthecarryingamountofitsshareoftheequity
itemsshownintheseparatefinancialstatementsoftheoriginalparentatthedate
ofthereorganisation.
Reorganisation –Accounting in SFS

12. Disclosure Requirements

13. Disclosures:
An entity shall apply all applicable Ind ASs when providing disclosures in
its Separate financial statements, including the requirements as given
below.
When a parent, in accordance with Ind AS 110, elects not to prepare CFS
and instead prepares SFS, it shall disclose in those separate financial
statements:
(a) the fact that the financial statements are separate financial statements;
that the exemption from consolidation has been used; the name and
principal place of business (and country of incorporation, if different) of
the entity whose consolidated financial statements that comply with Ind
ASs have been produced for public use; and the address where those
consolidated financial statements are obtainable.

14. Disclosures:
(b) a list of significant investments in subsidiaries, JVs and associates,
including:
(i) the name of those investees.
(ii) the principal place of business (and country of incorporation, if
different) of those investees.
(iii) its proportion of the ownership interest (and its proportion of
the voting rights, if different) held in those investees.
(c) a description of the method used to account for the investments listed
under (b).

15. Disclosures:
When an investment entitythat is a parent prepares, in accordance with
this standard, separate financial statements as its only financial statements,
it shall disclose that fact. The investment entity shall also present the
disclosures relating to investment entities required by Ind AS 112,
Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities.

16. Disclosures:
•When a parent or an investor with joint control of, or significant influence
over, an investee prepares separate financial statements, the parent or
investor shall identify the financial statements prepared in accordance with
Ind AS 110, Ind AS 111 or Ind AS 28 to which they relate. The parent or
investor shall also disclose in its separate financial statements:
(a) the fact that the statements are separate financial statements
(b) list of significant investments in subsidiaries, JV and associates, including:
i. the name of those investees.
ii. the principal place of business (and country of incorporation, if different)
of those investees.
iii. its proportion of the ownership interest (and its proportion of the voting
rights, if different) held in those investees.
(c) a description of the method used to account for the investments listed
under (b).

17. 17
Comparison –IFRS VsInd AS VsAS

18. IAS 27 VsInd AS 27
IAS27requirestodisclosethereasonforpreparingSFSifnotrequired
bylaw.AstheCompaniesActmandatespreparationofseparate
financialstatements,thishasbeenremovedfromIndAs27.
IAS27allowstheentitiestousetheequitymethodtoaccountfor
investmentinsubsidiaries,jointventuresandassociatesintheirSFS.
SuchoptionisnotgiveninIndAS27,astheequitymethodisnota
measurementbasislikecostandfairvaluebutisamannerof
consolidationandthereforewouldleadtoinconsistentaccounting
conceptually.

19. Ind AS VsAS
UnderIndianGAAP,allentitiesarerequiredtoprepareandpresent
separatefinancialstatements,withoutanyexception. Inaparent’sSFS,
investmentsinsubsidiaryshouldbeaccountedforinaccordancewithAS
13.AS13requiressuchinvestmentstobevaluedatcostasadjustedforany
diminution,otherthantemporaryinthevalueofthoseinvestments.
Ind-ASspecificallydefinesSFSas“thosepresentedbyaparent(i.ean
investorwithcontrolofasubsidiary)oraninvestorwithjointcontrolof,
orsignificantinfluenceover,aninvestee,inwhichtheinvestmentsare
accountedforatcostorinaccordancewithIndAS109.
IndAS27requiresthatwhenanentitypreparesseparatefinancial
statements,itshallaccountforinvestmentsinsubsidiaries,jointventures
andassociateseither:
-atcost,or
-inaccordancewithIndAS109.

20. Use your brain...
AGLtdisnothavinganyinvestmentinsubsidiary,jointventureor
associates. ItispreparingitsSeparateFinancialStatementsunderIndAS
27,SeparateFinancialStatements.
Evaluatewhetherabovepositioniscorrect/Incorrectwithsupportive
reasons.
Solution:
Incorrect,IndAS27doesnotapplyifacompany
doesnothaveanysubsidiary,jointventureor
associates.

21. Than Q!!
Presented by :
Alok Kumar Garg
CA, CS, Dip. IFRS (ACCA) UK, CIFRS (ICAI),
B.Com (Hons.)
(P) 999 999 1543
(E) [email protected]