serminar msc 1st in situ conservation .pptx

In situ conservation of Environment is considered to be very important in terms of wildlife conservation.

1. Presented by - Nilutpal Boruah M.Sc 1st semester Roll no - 43 Botany Department Guided by- Dr. Partha Pratim Baruah GAUHATI UNIVERSITY A SEMINAR REPRESENTATION ON IN-SITU CONSERVATION

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION BIODIVERSITY IN-SITU CONSERVATION VARIOUS TYPES OF IN-SITU CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION Conservation: Conservation is the ethic of resource use ,allocation and protection . Its primary focus is upon maintaining the health of the natural world. Its secondary focus is on material conservation and energy conservation , Conservation is not about protecting species or ecosystem ,it is protecting process of life . What is Biodiversity? According to UN Earth summit, Biological diversity or biodiversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources including,inter alia , terrestrial,marine,and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part of, this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystem.

4. Threats to Biodiversity- Habitat loss and fragmentation Overexploitation Pollution Climate change Invasive species

5. Biodiversity Conservation - It is the protection , preservation , management or restorstion of wild life and natural resources such as forest and water . Ensure the survival of species and habitats threatened by human activities. Conservation Strategies- Wildlife protection Conservation of natural resources Sustainable practices in agriculture, industry, and development,etc

6. In-Situ Conservation- It include conservation of habitats and ecosystems where organism naturally occur i.e on -site conservation Protection of a group of typical ecosystems through a network of protected areas on land or sea Dedicated to focus on biological diversity conservation. Preservation of natural and associated cultural resources. The conservation of organism in biosphere reserve (terresterial and marine ), national park , wildlife sancturies , biodiversity hotspot are all examles of in-situ conservation.

7. National Parks National parks are protected areas usually declared and owned by the central government. India's first national park was established in 1936.   It was originally named Hailey National Park.( now known as Jim Corbett National Park) in Uttarakhand Currently, there are 106 national parks in India. The total area covered by these parks is 40,500 square kilometers, 1.23% of India's geographical area.

8. Biosphere Reserves Special protected areas designated by UNESCO. Include terrestrial, coastal, and marine ecosystems.   Aim to balance conservation and sustainable development.   Involve local communities as integral components.   Concept introduced in 1971 under the UNESCO Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme. First biosphere reserve established in 1979. Currently, 714 biosphere reserves exist in 129 countries. There are 18 biosphere reserves in India. structure of biosphere reserve - Three zones - core zone , bufferzone , transition zone A. core zone This zone represents an undisturbed or least disturbed area of representative ecosystem.

9. B. Bufferzone Buffer zone is an area surrounding the core zone of a protected area designated for research, education, and training activities Restrictions are imposed on resource use and special development measures are implemented. Traditional activities like timber production, hunting, fishing, and grazing are permitted within the buffer zone. C. Transition zone Transition zone is the outermost part of a biosphere reserve.. Activities like settlement, cropping, forestry, recreation, and other economic uses continue. These activities are carried out in harmony with the conservation goals of the biosphere reserve.

10. Biodiversity Hotspots Biodiversity hotspots are relatively small areas with a high concentration of endemic species. They were identified by Norman Myers in 1988. To qualify as a hotspot, an area must meet two criteria: 1 . Contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants found nowhere else on earth (endemic species). 2. Have lost at least 70% of its original natural vegetation . Hotspots are considered irreplaceable due to their high levels of endemism. They are threatened by human activities such as deforestation, agriculture, and development. Hotspots are important for conservation efforts as they harbor a significant portion of the world's biodiversity. There are the 4 biodiversity hotspots that are partly or fully within India's political boundaries: Himalaya Western Ghats Indo -Burma Sundaland

11. Sacred groves Tracts of forest protected by local communities due to religious and cultural beliefs. Found in various parts of the world, including India, Protect rare, endangered, and endemic species of plants and animals. Serve as refuges for various flora and fauna.

12. Significance of In-situ conservation Evolution and Adaptation : In-situ conservation allows species to continue evolving and adapting to their environment, ensuring their long-term survival. Ecosystem Services : By protecting ecosystems, in-situ conservation helps maintain essential services like pollination, water purification, and climate regulation. Complex Interactions : It preserves the intricate relationships between species, such as predator-prey dynamics and symbiotic relationships. Protects Genetic Diversity :Maintaining diverse gene pools within populations, increases their ability to withstand environmental changes and diseases. Cost-Effective and Sustainable ; Public Awareness and Education :In-situ conservation promotes public awareness and education about biodiversity and environmental issues

13. Conclusion: A Sustainable Future Through In-situ Conservation In conclusion, in-situ conservation is a vital strategy to safeguard our planet's rich biodiversity. By protecting species within their natural habitats, we need to ensure the preservation of ecosystems, genetic diversity, and ecological processes.

14. References: Life Sciences ; fundammentsls and practice (Pathfinder Publication) Fundamentals of Ecology by Eugene P. Odum & Gray W Barret

15. THANK YOU