shock 2 PowerPoint presentation pptx . 2

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1. SHOCK [ DEFINITION CLASSIFICATION,ETIOLOGY]

2. Shock is a life –threatening clinical syndrome of cardiovascular system- characterised by---- An acute reduction of effective circulating blood volume [ hypotenshion ] An inadequate perfusion of cells and tissues [ hypoperfusion ]

3. True or secondary shock Circulatory imbalance between oxygen supply and oxygen requirements at cellular level . Initial or primary shock It is used for transient and usually a benign vasovagal attack resulting from sudden reduction of venous return to the heart caused by neurogenic vasodilatation and peripheral pooling of blood .

4. [ Classification ] Hypovolaemic shock Cardiogenic shock Septic shock Other types – Traumatic shock Neurogenic shock Hypoadrenal shock

5. ETIOLOGY Hypovolemic shock Acute haemorrhage Dehydration from vomiting diarrohea Burns Excessive use of diuretics Acute pancreatitis CARDIOGENIC SHOCK DEFICIENT EMPTYING Myocardial infarction Cardiomyopathies Rupture of the heart,ventricle ,papillary muscle

6. DEFICIENT FILLING Cardiac tamponade OBSTRUCTION TO THE OUTFLOW Pulmonary embolism Ball valve thrombin Tenshion pneumothorax Dissecting aortic aneurysm

7. SEPTIC SHOCK Gram –negative septicaemia [ endotoxin ][62%]— pseudomonas,escherichia coli,haemophilus Gram-positive septicaemia [ exotoxin shock][47%]----staphylococcus aureus,enterococci,streptococcus pneumoniae -Fungi[19%] – candida species.

8. - TRAUMATIC SHOCK Severe injuries Surgery with marked blood loss Obstetrical trauma

9. NEUROLOGIC SHOCK High cervical spinal cord injury Accidental high spinal anaesthesia Severe head injury

10. HYPOADRENAL SHOCK Adminstration of high doses of glucocrticoids Secondary adrenal insufficiency[ TB,bilateral adrenal haemorrhage,idopathic adrenal atrophy].

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