SIKKIM FLORA AND FAUNA

SIKKIM FLORA AND FAUNA

1. NAME: RAVINA TIGGA
CLASS: XTH-A
ROLL NO: 32

SCHOOL NAME:

IMI JESUS
MARY JOSEPH
SCHOOL

3. SCIENCE

ART oul
INTEGRATION |
PROJECT

4. FAUNA.

Sin KIM

5. The fauna of Sikkim include the snow leopard,
musk deer, Himalayan tahr, red panda, Himalayan
marmot, Himalayan serow, Himalayan goral,
muntjac, common lansur, Asian black bear,
clouded leopard, marbled cat, leopard cat,
dhole, Tibetan wolf, hos badger, binturong,
and Himalayan jungle cat. Among the animals
more commonly found in the alpine zone are
yaks, mainly reared for their milk, meat, and
as a beast of burden.

6. The avifauna of Sikkim include the impeyan
pheasant, crimson horned pheasant, snow
partridge, Tibetan snowcock, bearded vulture
and griffon vulture, as well as golden eagles,
quails, plovers, woodcocks, sandpipers, pigeons,
Old World flycatchers, babblers and robins.
Sikkim has more than 550 species of birds, some
of which have been declared endangered.

7. Flying Squirrel

Hodgson’s giant flying squirrel is a species
of rodent in the family Sciuridae. This large
flying squirrel lives in Himalayan forests
in Asia. Like other flying squirrels, it is
nocturnal and able to glide long distances
between trees by spreading out its patagium,
skin between its limbs.

8. Leopard Cat

The leopard cat of continental Asia was considered the same
species as the Sunda leopard cat. Leopard cat subspecies
differ widely in fur colour, tail length, skull shape and size
of carnassials. Archaeological evidence indicates that the

leopard cat was the first cat species domesticated in Neolithic

China about 5,000 years ago in Shaanxi and Henan Provinces.

9. Common Langur

The Nepal gray langur (Semnopithecus schistaceus) is a
gray langur endemic to the Himalayas in Nepal, far
southwestern Tibet, northern India, northern Pakistan,
Bhutan and possibly Afghanistan. It is found in forests
at an elevation of 1,500 to 4,000 metres (4,900 to 13,100
ft). Its easternmost limit in India is Buxa Tiger Reserve
in northern West Bengal, at least up to the Rydak river.

10. Musk Deer

The white-bellied musk deer or Himalayan
musk deer is a musk deer species occurring
in the Himalayas of Nepal, Bhutan, India,
Pakistan and China. It inhabits high alpine
environments above altitudes of 2,500 m
(8,200 ft).

11. Snow Leopard

Snow leopards live in the mountainous regions
of central and southern Asia. In India, their
geographical range encompasses a large part of
the western Himalayas including the states of
, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand
and Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh in the eastern
Himalayas.

Jammu and Kashm

12. soit

Himalayan Black Bear

The Himalayan black bear is a subspecies of the Asian black
bear found in the Himalayas of India, Bhutan, Nepal, China,
and Pakistan. During the summer Himalayan black bears
can be found in warmer areas of Nepal, China, Russia, and
Tibet as high as 4,000 metres, approaching the treeline. In
winter they descend to the lower, tropical forests typically
at around 1,500 to 2,000 metres.

13. Red Panda

The red panda is a small arboreal mammal found in
the forests of India, Nepal, Bhutan and the northern
mountains of Myanmar and southern China. ... In
India, it is found in Sikkim, western Arunachal Pradesh,
Darjeeling district of West Bengal and parts of
Meghalaya. It is also the state animal of Sikkim

14. FLORA OF
SIKKIM

The glory of Sikkim is its breathtaking array of flowers. Sikkims geographical
positioning has gifted it a repository of over SOOO species of flowering
plants. Forests of magnolia, blue poppies, primulas, gentians and geraniums
create a spell_binding floral spectacle. Orchids, gladioli, poppies, azaleas
and camellias add to the heady collection. Its great variety of rhododéndron
ranges from Shrubs at ground level to towering specimens that set the
terrain ablaze in a riot of colours.

The first study of the flora of Sikkim was undertaken by Sir Joseph
Hooker, the noted English botanist. Hooker traveled to the interiors of
Sikkim, including remote mountain regions in 1848-49. His expedition
resulted in amazing new discovery of numerous plant and animal life in
the area. He published the Rhododendrons of Sikkim in 1849 while bis
record-of his travels in Sikkim published as Himalayan Journals is the
most comprehensive guide to the botanical splendour of the region.
Hooker divided Sikkim into three botanical zones, the tropical from
almost sea level height to around 5000 ft, the temperate from 5000

feet to 13000 feet, and the alp e from 13000 feet upwards

15. =
—— — —_—
Sikkim AS is a state

nor! stern India. It borders Tibet in the
north and northeast, Bhutan O nenn in the west, and West Bengal
in the south. Sikkim is also located close to India’s Sili i Corridor near
Bangladesh. Sikkim is the least populous and second A among the
Indian states. A part of the Eastern Himalaya, Sikkim is notable for its
ncluding alpine and subtropical climates, as well as being a
host t gchenju a,the highest peak in India and third higheston
Earth. Sikkim’s capital and largesticity is Gangtok. Almost 35% of thesstate |
is covered by the Khangchendzonga National Park. The Kingdom of Sikkim

was founded by the Namgyal dynasty in the 17th century.
u =

e

16. nn _—

It was ruled by a Buddhist priest-king ae. cr the Chogyal. It became a
princely state of British India After 1947, Sikkim continued its
protectorate status with Mn of India. It enjoyed the highest
literacy rate and per capita income among Himalayan states. In 1973
anti-royalist riots took place in front of the Chogy n 1975, the
monarchy was deposed by the people. A referendum in 1975 led to Sikkim
joini ndia as its 22nd state. Modern Sikkim is a multiethnic and
mat indian state. The official languages of the state are English,
ep kimese and Lepcha. Additional official languages include
Gurung, Limbu, Magar, Mukhia, Newari, Rai, Sherpa and Tama for the
purpose of preservation of culture and tradition in the state. English is
taught in schools and used in government documents. The predominant
religions are Hinduism and Vajrayana Buddhism.

17. Hudrangea

Hydrangea common names hydrangea or hortensia, is a genus
ef 70-75 species of flowering plants native to Asia and the
Americas. By far the greatest species diversity is in eastern Asia,
notably Korea, China, and Japan. Most are shrubs 1to 3 meters
tall, but some are small trees, and others lianas reaching up to
30 m (98 ft) by climbing up trees. They can be either deciduous
or evergreen, though the widely cultivated temperate species
are all deciduous.

18. Orange Day Lily

Hemerocallis fulva, the orange day-lily, tawny

daylily, corn lily. tiger daylily, fulvous daylily or
ditch lily, . It
widely grown as an ornamental plant in

s a species of daylily native to As

is ve

temperate climates for its showy flowers and ease

of cultivation.

19. Pink Angel Trumpet

Brugmansia ‘Frosty Pink’ (Angel’s Trumpet) is a tropical shrub
or small tree laden with huge, pendulous, trumpet-shaped,
salmon-pink flowers, 8-10 in. long (20-25 cm). Sparkling

against the foliage of long, dark green leaves, the flowers

exude a powerful fragrance in the evenings.

20. Angel’s Trumpet

Brugmansia is a genus of seven species of flowering
plants in the family Solanaceae. They are woody
trees or shrubs, with pendulous flowers, and
have no spines on their fruit. Their large, fragrant
flowers give them their common name of angel's
trumpets, a name sometimes used for the closely
related genus Datura.

21. White Brugmansia

Brugmansia is a Senus of seven species of

flowering plants in the family Solanaceae.

They are _. They come in shades of white.
yellow, pink, orange. green, or red.

22. Purple Foxglove

Digitalis purpurea, the foxglove or common
foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the
plantain family Plantaginaceae, native to and

widespread throughout most of temperate

Europe. It has also naturalised in parts of North
America and some other temperate regions.

23. Purple Hydrangea

Purple hydrangeas bring stunning beauty to
part shade settings. They're the type of
flowering shrub that you won't regret including
in your landscape. Most purple hydrangea
varieties fall into the French or bisleaf group
(Hydrangea macrophylla).