Six major types of information systems

ESS (Executive Support System)
MIS (Management Information System)
DSS (Decision Support System)
KMS (Knowledge Management System)
TPS (Transaction Processing System)
OAS (Office Automation System)

1. Six Major Information systems Presented by V.MOHANRAJ, I Ph.D Agrl . Extension & Communication TNAU

2. Six major types: ESS (Executive Support System) MIS (Management Information System) DSS (Decision Support System) KMS (Knowledge Management System) TPS (Transaction Processing System) OAS (Office Automation System)

3. Executive Support  System

4. Executive Support  System ESS– an extension of MIS – is a computer based information system. Helps in decision making at the top-level organization. Decisions taken- are non-routine decisions, effect the entire organization and, thus, require judgement & sight.

5. As compared to DSSs, ESSs offer more general computing capabilities , better telecommunication s & efficient display options. Used advanced graphics software –display critical information (charts or graphs) that help senior executives to solve a wide range of problems. E ffective decisions -they use summarized internal data from MIS, DSS as well as data from external sources about events like new tax laws, new competitors, etc. Filter , compress, track data of high imp, make it available to strategic-level managers .

6. Help to monitor performance, track activities of competitors, identify opportunities, forecast trends. They also assist senior managers in answering the following question: What business should we do? How are our competitors doing the business? Which units can be sold and which new units are to be bought?

7. Management Information System (MIS)

8. Management Information System (MIS ) MIS- designed to take relatively raw data available through a TPS ~convert them into summarized, aggregated form for the manager (report format). R eports tending -middle management & operational supervisors. S ummary report, on-demand report, ad-hoc reports, an exception report . Example:  Sales management systems, Human resource management system.

9. MIS developed to support planning, controlling, decision-making functions of middle managers. Format of reports produced by MIS is pre-specified Used -produce reports on monthly, quarterly, or yearly basis. In addition -provide managers online access to current performance as well as past records of organization . MIS use simple routines (summaries & comparisons)-enable managers- take decisions, procedure - reaching a solution has been specified in advance.

10. Decision Support System (DSS)

11. Decision Support System (DSS) DSS- interactive info system provides info, models, data manipulation tools help in making decision (semi-structured & unstructured situation). DSS comprises tools, techniques help in gathering relevant info & analyze options, alternatives , end user is more involved in creating DSS than MIS. Example:  Financial planning systems, Bank loan management systems .

12. DSS -interactive computer-based information system like MIS, also serves at management level -organization . Processes info -support decision making process of managers . Provides middle managers with info that enables to make intelligent decisions. Example, Bank -enable a manager to analyze the changing trends in deposits & loans in order to ascertain the yearly targets.

13. DSS -designed every manager to execute specific managerial task or problem. (semi-structured decisions) -solution arrived at logically. Sometimes -help taking complex decisions- they use information generated by OASs & TPSs. DSS- more analytical power as compared to other information systems. Employ wide variety of decision models to analyze data or summarize vast amount of data into a form (usually form of tables or charts ) -easier for managers -interactive environment.

14. knowledge management system

15. knowledge management system KMS -comprises a range of practices used in organization to identify, create, represent, distribute, enable adoption to insight, experience . Such insights and experience comprise knowledge, either embodied in individual or embedded in organizational processes & practices .

16. Level of Knowledge Management

17. Transaction Processing System (TPS)

18. Transaction Processing System (TPS ) TPS used primarily for record keeping - required in any organization to conduct business. It processes data resulting from the occurrences of business transactions Obj -to provide transaction in order to update records & generate reports (store keeping function) Transaction -two ways:  Batching processing  Online transaction processing.

19. Example:   Bill system, payroll system, Stock control system. TPS is used for periodic report generation in a scheduled manner. TPS is also used for producing reports on demand as well as exception reports.

20. Office Automation Systems

21. Office Automation Systems OAS -collection of communication technology, computers, persons to perform official tasks. Executes office transactions, supports official activities at every organizational level. These activities can be divided into clerical and managerial activities.

22. Clerical activities -preparing written communication, typesetting, printing, mailing, scheduling meetings, calendar keeping.etc . Under managerial activities -conferencing , creating reports, messages , and controlling performance of  organization. Many applications like word processing, electronic filing and e-mail are integrated in office automation system.